Si you work for someone else, surely, at the end of the month, do you have a copy of your payslip But, if we asked you how to make a payroll, would you be able to understand each section it has and everything it means?
On this occasion, you will not only learn how to make a payroll, but we will also give you the keys to understand yours. In this way, you will know if what they pay you is correct or if there is some extra data that you do not know what they are about.
What is a payroll
Before getting down to work, it is important to conceptualize what a payroll is to understand it as well as possible.
If we search in the dictionary of the RAE, tells us that a payroll is:
"Nominal list of individuals who in a public or private office must receive assets and justify having received them with their signature."
In other words, we are talking about a document in which Both the payment of that worker and the liquidation must be reflected, and obligations that must be fulfilled in terms of withholdings and payments to Social Security.
In this, It must be specified what is the salary received by the worker once the withholdings and Social Security payments have been deducted (which will be paid by the company itself) and also adding any bonuses they may have (such as three-year periods, bonuses, etc.).
What should be taken into account when making a payroll
To formalize a payroll, first of all you have to have the necessary information. That is, we need to know exact data of the person to whom we are going to make that payroll. What are those?
- Type of contract. The first thing you need to know when formalizing a payroll is to know what type of contract that worker has, since working full-time is not the same as working part-time. Nor is a permanent contract the same as a temporary one. Why? Because what is quoted to Social Security will depend on that contract, as well as personal income tax.
- the collective agreement. It must be taken into account because it may have established extra bonuses that must be reflected in the payroll. For example, the salary of overtime, diets...
- You pay extras. If these are prorated, they must appear on the payroll and they have an impact on personal income tax.
- Category answer and quote group. These two points are very important because they are the ones that help you calculate the contribution bases you have for Social Security.
- If you have been off. Because, if so, this can influence the payroll.
- Situation of the employee. If you are married or single, if you have children, if you are disabled...
How to make a payroll step by step
Now that you know what you should take into account when preparing a payroll, the next step is to get down to work. However, if you see a finished one, you may not even know where to start. So we are going to give you the steps.
Start with the header
This is the easiest part of a payroll because it reflects the data of the worker, the company and the date of that payroll. Specifically:
- The data de the company. These are made up of the name of the company, fiscal domicile, CIF and contribution account code.
- The worker's data. Name and surnames, DNI, Social Security number, professional category or group, contribution group, date of seniority or the date you started working for the company. Finally, you will have the contract code.
- The settlement period, that is, the period to which that payroll corresponds, from start to finish date and total days.
The following are the accruals
an accrual It is a right that a person has to obtain from his work a remuneration. However, this amount would be gross, that is, no type of deduction is applied.
For example, imagine that they tell you that you are going to receive 1500 euros in gross. That would be the accrual, but later, to that money, all the deductions (Social Security, etc.) that correspond to it must be applied.
Within the accruals we can have:
- salary perceptions, that is, the money that the worker receives together with bonuses or salary supplements, overtime, extraordinary payments, improvements, etc.
- Non-wage earnings. They do not contribute to Social Security.
Finally, the deductions
This is the third part of a payroll and the most difficult to understand and apply. They are amounts that must be subtracted from these accruals and that give us as a result the real salary of that worker.
What types of deductions are there?
- Social Security contributions. A worker has to contribute to Social Security a certain percentage based on common contingencies (4,70%), unemployment (1,55% if it is indefinite; 1,60% if it is for a fixed duration); vocational training (0,10%); normal overtime (4,70%); and overtime due to force majeure (2%).
- It will be based both on the income of that worker as well as on the personal situation. In reality, there is no minimum, but a 2% deduction is normally applied to workers who have a temporary contract that lasts less than a year.
- always and when the company has given you some of your salary before that corresponded to him.
- products in kind, which should be treated as a deduction (as to their value).
- Other deductions such as union dues, company loans, etc.
All these must be added and deducted from the gross salary, thus obtaining the salary that a worker actually receives.
The bottom of the payroll
Two very important data appear at the foot of the payroll and may be the most complicated when calculating. We talk about the contribution bases and personal income tax What will that worker have?
Contribution bases
The contribution bases correspond, in a payroll, to the “determination of the Social Security contribution bases and concepts of joint collection and company contribution”.
Here you can find:
- Contribution bases for common contingencies. Where the formula to calculate them is Base salary + salary supplements (that are subject to that contribution) + proration of extra payments.
- Basis for professional contingencies and joint collection. In this case, the result of the above is added plus the overtime (if it has been done).
- Personal income tax withholding base. In this case, the total accrued is taken and those figures that are exempt from personal income tax are subtracted. What can they be? Compensation, allowances...
Calculate the income tax base
In the case of income tax that applies to the worker, our recommendation and what they all use, is the Treasury calculator that allows calculating the percentage to apply to the worker based on salary and personal situation.
Finally, at the bottom, we have the "Liquid to be received" which is what they are really going to pay you.
Do you have doubts about how to make a payroll? Ask us and we will help you.