When you lose your job or become unemployed, there is a economic benefit whose purpose is to protect those workers who lose their job due to causes that are usually beyond their control, in that case we will explain the conditions to collect unemployment.
Social security also protects those people who have the ability and the will to continue working, but who, for reasons beyond their will or power, lose their job or even see that their ordinary working hours have been reduced, likewise they are offered a economic benefit, this is known colloquially as "unemployment", that supports in a certain way, the possible and very probable loss of the salary that was already being received in the previous job.
The unemployment classes that we are interested in knowing, before collecting unemployment
If we attend the unemployment classes that exist, we will refer to two types of unemployment that we present below:
- Total unemployment. It includes the situation in which a worker ceases his work activities temporarily or in some cases definitively, so that his activities that he had been developing will no longer be carried out by him and the employee will be deprived of his salary or salary or pay. This situation can be triggered by a suspension ERE or a dismissal.
- Partial unemployment. This happens when the employee is temporarily reduced, his ordinary daily working hours and, in turn, his salary. The salary reduction can be understood as a minimum of 10% to a maximum of 70%. In the case of unemployment due to a reduction in working hours.
When does the right to unemployment benefit start?
As a requirement to have the right to collect unemployment, you must have contributions for unemployment at least a period of 360 days that happened within the six years that preceded the situation legally recognized as formal unemployment.
The cases for which unemployment benefit is normally requested are shown below:
- Once the employment relationship is terminated. When a contract comes to an end or there is a dismissal, the employee terminates his relationship with the company and his work ceases to be provided to it, so that he will cease to receive the income he had contemplated.
- For the reduction. It is possible that the salary obtained is not the same as the one previously received, as well as the hours of daily work may be reduced, in this case you can also request unemployment benefit.
- Fixed discontinuous workers. They are those employees or workers who perform fixed and in turn periodic jobs, which tend to be repeated on established dates, it is in those periods of productive inactivity, in which the unemployment benefit can be requested.
Workers or employeesThey must apply for the unemployment loan within a period of 15 days from the start of the legal unemployment situation, thus also signing the commitment to the activity.
The duration of the strike
Unemployment or unemployment benefit period, it starts from when the person has contributed for at least 360 days, only then will they be entitled to unemployment benefit within the last six years.
When we speak of minimum periods to be entitled to unemployment benefit, we refer directly to the right to unemployment benefit in the measure of contribution or in its contributory level, it is usually 6 months and reaching a maximum of two years, within the category of minimum period to be entitled to the unemployment loan, this contribution is measured through and depending on the contribution period in question, a relationship in this regard is shown below:
| Number of days for which you are entitled to the right to unemployment or unemployment benefit. | Listing period, expressed in days. |
| 720 | 2160 - onwards |
| 660 | 1980 - 2159 days |
| 600 | 1800 - 1979 days |
| 540 | 1620 - 1799 days |
| 480 | 1440 - 1619 days |
| 420 | 1260 - 1439 days |
| 360 | 1080 - 1259 days |
| 300 | 900 - 1079 days |
| 240 | 720 - 899 days |
| 180 | 540 - 719 days |
| 120 | 360 - 539 days |
The days and periods expressed here may vary depending on the specific case, being used as a reference for a generalized case.
We are in no way suggesting that this is a specific benchmark, only used as a generalized benchmark and estimate.
Considerations in this regard.
The time that is quoted will only correspond to part time, in the same way as to work with a reduced daily workday that will be computed as a single day quoted, this will be completely independent of the workday.
Only the trading periods whose use has not corresponded to collect unemployment. This means that those that have not been computed to collect unemployment will not be taken into account, either at the assistance level or at the contributory level.
The periods that correspond directly to "holiday not enjoyed", will be computed as part of the listing period.
The amount of the benefit.
If what you want is to know the unemployment benefit that corresponds to you, you only have to calculate your regulatory base. For this we will have to know the contribution for the current unemployment contingency that corresponds to the last 180 days and divide it by 180.
In your payroll you will find it as "base common contingencies”. Within the effects that apply by the regulatory base, those overtime hours are not included within it.
When the regulatory base is known, the unemployment benefit will be calculated as follows:
- Within the first 180 days, 70%.
- After the first 180 days or from day 181, 50%.
The minimum amount for the year 2018.
Regardless of the case, the amount for unemployment benefit should not be less or less than the following:
- Having as unemployed or unemployed beneficiary, dependent children (either one or more children). Approximately 665 euros, which is equal to 107% of the IPREM + 1/6 of the IPREM.
- If, as an unemployed or unemployed worker or beneficiary, we do not have dependent children. Approximately 500 euros, which is equal to 80% of the IPREM + 1/6 of the IPREM
The formula with which we can base ourselves to calculate this, which is the minimum amount for unemployment benefit, is as follows:
80% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM) or 90% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM)
The maximum amount for the year 2018.
Regardless of the case, the amount of unemployment benefit, It must not be greater than or greater than the following:
- Having as unemployed or unemployed beneficiary, dependent children. 200% of the IPREM in case of only having one child under our care, and 225% of the IPREM if there is more than one child under our care, this plus 1/6 of the IPREM.
- Taking as an unemployed or unemployed beneficiary, a single dependent child, the maximum amount is approximately 1200 euros.
- With two or more dependent children as unemployed or unemployed beneficiary, the maximum amount is approximately 1400 euros.
- If as an unemployed or unemployed worker or beneficiary, we do not have dependent children, the approximate amount is 1000 euros, which is equal to 175% of the IPREM + 1/6 of it.
The formula with which we can base ourselves to calculate this, which is the maximum amount for unemployment or unemployment benefit, is the following:
175% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM) or 225% x (IPREM + 1/6 IPREM)
Dependent children of the unemployed or unemployed worker.
The dependent children of the unemployed worker must meet certain requirements to be considered as such within the estimated amount. The requirements for this are as follows:
- The dependent children of the unemployed or unemployed worker or beneficiary must be under 26 years of age, they may be older as long as a disability is based on a percentage equal to or greater than 33% of their abilities.
- The dependent children of the unemployed or unemployed worker or beneficiary must live with the beneficiary or the beneficiary must have a legal obligation by virtue of a judicial resolution or in an agreement to financially support the child or children in question.
- The dependent children of the unemployed or unemployed worker or beneficiary have no income equal to, higher or higher than the SMI.
It will be important to know the current state in which the beneficiary is if what he wants is to demand this benefit, provided that the unemployment has been against his will and this also implies the reduction of working hours or reduction of the daily working day .
The question of the amount relative to its increase or decrease depending on the number of children or the absence of dependent children of the beneficiary or unemployed or unemployed worker, could be treated differently in specific cases, the examples shown here are approximations and only they should be used as a generalization and not as a direct and / or exact reference.