Para kurega muSpain zvizere uye kuchaja a inopa mari yepenjeni yeruzhinji, iyo inogamuchira zita rayo nekuti rakatorwa kubva ku Social Security mipiro uye kwete chirongwa chezvekugara zvakanaka, vanhu vanoda kuenda pamudyandigere vanofanirwa kusangana nemana mamiriro ekutanga:
- Iva nehukama neSocial Security
- Wasvika pazera risingasviki rekurega basa, rinova makore makumi matanhatu nemana, kana makumi matanhatu nemashanu kana wakapa kwemakore makumi matatu nemasere nehafu
- Wakapa makore angangoita gumi nemashanu
- Kuve mune yakasarudzika mamiriro anoda kurhoja zvinoenderana nematanho akasimbiswa nemutemo
Nezve iyo yekutanga poindi, zvakafanira ive yakabatana neSocial Security mune mamwe mahurumende anofungidzirwa, zvese hutongi huzhinji, hutongi hwakakosha hwegungwa nekuchera kana hwevashandi vanozvishandira, kungodoma mashoma.
Avo vanozove vanobatsirwa vanhu vakasanganiswa muGeneral Regime, vakabatana uye vakanyoreswa Mutemo unosimbisawo kuti vashandi vachave vanobatsirwa avo, pazuva remutambo rinokonzeresa pamudyandigere, vasina kunyoreswa, chero bedzi vachizadzisa zera nezvinodiwa zvemupiro zvakamiswa kare nemutemo. Ndinoreva, ingova yakabatana nehurongwa chero nzira.
Zera repashure rinozove makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu pagore ra67 asi kusvika panguva iyoyo hutongo hwekuchinja hwakagadzwa kubva muna Ndira 1, 2016. Yakati hurumende inotanga pamakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu uye inononoka zuva rekurega basa pachiyero chemwedzi mumwe pagumi nembiri, kubva 65 kusvika 2013, uye mwedzi miviri pagore kubva rinotevera 2018 kusvika pagore ra2018. Naizvozvo, kusvika zera ramakumi matanhatu nenomwe. Kurega basa kuchabvumidzwawo kuvagari vemakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu chero bedzi vakapa makore mashoma anowedzera kubva pamakumi matatu neshanu kusvika makumi matatu neshanu makore na2027 achikura zvine hukama kota pagore.
Kurega kwangu basa kuchasvika pazera ripi?
Muna 2018 avo vane makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu nemwedzi mitanhatu vachakwanisa kuenda pamudyandigere uye muna65 avo vane makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu nemwedzi misere ekuberekwa. Saka kusvika muna 6 zera rinosvika makore makumi matanhatu nemana.
Makore gumi nemashanu inguva yakaderera yakanyorwa, iyo inodikanwa kuti ugone kuwana mari yemubhadharo kwehupenyu hwako hwese. Ndokunge, mazuva mazana mashanu nemazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu nemashanu akanyorwa kuti uve mukweretesi. Uye zvakare, iwe unofanirwa kuve uine makore maviri emakore ekupa zvipo mukati memakore gumi nemashanu apfuura panguva iyo kodzero yakagadzirwa, zvinova izvo zvavanodaidza kuti inokwanisa kana yakatarwa nguva yengoni.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti, kana munhu akapa mupasi pemakore gumi nemashanu muhupenyu hwavo hwese, kana kana ivo vakapa kwemakore gumi nemashanu, asi maviri eaya anga asiri mukati memakore gumi nemashanu apfuura pamudyandigere, kupa muenzaniso, kubva pamakore makumi mashanu nemaviri mugore ra52, kana zera repamutemo rekurega basa richava makore makumi matanhatu nemanomwe, ucharasikirwa nekodzero yaungangodaro wakagamuchira pension yako, kunyange iwe uchizowana mukana wekuwana a hutano-mhando mudyandigere mune zvimwe zviitiko chaizvo.
Zvinoenderana nemutemo we kuve nekodzero yekurega basa, iwe unofanirwa kupasa "chiitiko chinokonzeresa". Chokwadi ichi chinogona kuva:
- Zuva iro mushandi anopedza basa rake, ari munzvimbo yepamusoro muSocial Security.
- Zuva iro mushandi paanotumira chikumbiro chake, mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana nekunyoresa neSocial Security, kunze kwemaviri chete.
- Pakaitika zororo rekumanikidzwa, zuva iro chinzvimbo icho chakamutsa kufananidzwa chinopera
- Kana iwe ukatama kubva kuSpain, zuva raunopedza basa rako semushandi.
- Zuva rinokumbirwa kunyorera, mune asiri ekunyoresa mamiriro.
Gore rino rakatakurwa neshanduko nyowani uye shanduko muuwandu hunotambirwa nevagari mumapenjeni avo, pamwe nezvinodiwa zvitsva kuwana pamudyandigere. Kubva munaNdira 1, vagari vanopfuura mamirioni masere nemashanu vane mapensheni avo, vakagamuchira kuwedzera kwemari yavo, ye8,5%, hushoma hwakagadzwa nemutemo wepenjeni.
Gore razvino igore rechipiri mune idzva Revaluation Index, izvi zvinosanganisira shanduko yemudyandigere. Nekuwedzera kunoitwa gore rino, iyo kuwedzera ichave iri 2,5 euros pamwedzi. Uye pamudyandigere wepension, unova mazana matanhatu emadhora, iko kuwedzera kwacho kuchange kuri 600 euros. Iine iyi muzana yakawedzera, huwandu hwakawanda hwepenjeni hunogona kupihwa neanotora mari ndeye 1,5 euros pamwedzi.
Avo vanhu vari pension vanorega kupihwa mubairo kuti vabhadhare kutsauka kweCPI, iyo yaimboonekwa kazhinji mumakore pamberi penjodzi yehupfumi.
Revaluation Index
El Revaluation Index, Ndiyo imwe chinhu chinokanganisa zvakananga mubhadharo wevane pensioners Ichi chiratidzo chakakombama chinofunga nezve kuverenga kwayo, zvinhu zvakaita seuwandu hwepenjeni yepakati nekuda kwekuchinja kwacho, ndiwo musiyano uripo pakati pemapenjeni anotorwa neaya anopinda muhurongwa, huwandu hwepensioners, mutero unobhadharwa wevagari uye mashandisirwo epenjeni. Izvo zvinogara zvichitarisirwa kuti kuongororwa kunoenzaniswa mubhajeti mukati mekutenderera kwese. Mune mamwe mazwi, nguva dzematambudziko ehupfumi dzinogona kugadziriswa nenguva dzekuwedzera zviitiko zvehupfumi.
Iyi fomura ine mitsara miviri chete:
- Iko kunovimbiswa kushoma kuongororazve kwe0,25% pagore kudzivirira izvo, mune imwe dambudziko, senge iriko razvino, mapensheni anodonha uye kune kukwirira kwakanyanya muCPI
- Imwe ndiyo 0,5% iyo inofanirwa kuiswa munguva dzehupfumi hwehupfumi.
Chengeta imwecheteyo system, asi nekumwe shanduko
Mugore razvino remari, shanduko nyowani dzakaitwa mu - zvinodiwa kuti uve mumiriri wepension, kutevedzera shanduko yemudyandigere, yakabvumiranwa kubvira 2013, izvo zvinosungira maSpanish kuti vashande kwemakore akawanda uye vatore mudyandigere mudiki, senzira yekuchengetedza Social Security system, iyo yakazungunutswa nedambudziko rakamuka. vanopfuura mamirioni 3,7 vanopa.
Idzi shanduko dzakabvumiranwa muna2013 dzakanonoka zvishoma nezvishoma zera rekupedzisira kuti vakwanise kuenda pamudyandigere kune vashandi veSpain, izvo zvaizosvika makore makumi matanhatu nemana muna 67. Saka, avo vanoda kuenda pamudyandigere mugore razvino kunofanirwa kuve nemakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu nemwedzi mina yekuberekwa kuva vakweretesi kumudyandigere. Kusvikira 2018, iyo yekurega basa ichawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma mwedzi mumwe pagore, uye mushure megore ra2018 ichawedzera nemwedzi miviri gore rega rega kusvika gore ra2027 panosainwa chibvumirano chitsva.
Kuti uwane kuwana pension Unofanirwa kunge uine makore makumi matatu nemashanu ekupa zvipo, uye kwekota yega yega iri pamberi pezera repamutemo rekurega basa, unotambura chirango chinofambira mberi mupenjeni. yakave yakanyorwa kune isingasviki makore makumi matatu nemasere nemashanu, kusvika pa35% kana yakanyorwa kweanopfuura makore makumi mana nemakumi mana nemashanu.
Kunonoka mukati mukana wekuenda pamudyandigereIvo vambotaurwa vane zvimwe zvakasarudzika kuitira kuti varege kukuvadza vashandi vatove vanounganidza hupenyu hwakareba hwekushanda, zvichipa kuSocial Security, vanogona kuramba vachienda pamudyandigere nemudyandigere wavo uzere pamakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa, sekureba sekunge vakapa makore makumi matatu nematanhatu kana kudarika.
Chizvarwa chiri kutora gore rino, Akatanga kushanda achiri mudiki, saka, anounganidza makore mazhinji emipiro kuhurongwa. Asi dambudziko rakakomba richava iro rakatarisana nevechidiki nhasi, avo vanowanzotanga kupa nguva yapfuura kupfuura yaimboita vabereki vavo.
Para vashandi vane makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa kana zvimwe, mudyandigere wako unotariswa neuwandu hwenhepfenyuro uye chikamu chauchatambira kubva mupenjeni zvichienderana nenhamba yemakore emipiro:
Makore ezve mupiro Pension muzana yeanodzora base
- Pane gumi nemashanu makumi mashanu
- Pane gumi nematanhatu 53
- Pamakore gumi nemanomwe makumi mashanu nematanhatu
- Pamakore gumi nemasere 59
- Pamakore gumi nemapfumbamwe makumi matanhatu nematanhatu
- Pamakore makumi maviri nemashanu
- Pamakore makumi maviri nerimwechete makumi matanhatu nemasere
- Pamakore makumi maviri nemaviri 71
- Pamakore makumi maviri nematatu 74
- Pamakore makumi maviri nemana makumi manomwe nenomwe
- Pamakore makumi maviri neshanu makumi masere
- Pazera ramakumi maviri nematanhatu 82
- Pamakore makumi maviri nemanomwe makumi masere nemana
- Pane makore makumi maviri nemasere makumi masere nemasere
- Pane makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe 88
- Pamakumi matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe
- Pamakore makumi matatu nerimwechete 92
- Pamakore makumi matatu nemaviri 94
- Pamakore makumi matatu nematatu ekuberekwa 96
- Pamakore makumi matatu nemana ekuberekwa. 98
- Pazera ramakumi matatu neshanu kana kupfuura zana
Kubva 2013, nguva yakavhurwawo kusvika muna 2022 umo nguva yemupiro inodiwa pakuverenga mudyandigere ichawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pamakore gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu. Mugore rega rega kutanga muna 15, gore rimwe chete rinowedzerwa kusvika makore ataurwa makore makumi maviri neshanu asvika na25.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero kuomarara kwemudyandigere kuri kuwedzera kutakura kwehupfumi uye zvakanyanya kuomarara kuwana mugari weSpain.