Chokwadi isu tese takazvibvunza isu uyu mubvunzo, nekuti iwo wemamirioni emadhora mubvunzo mune chaiwo pfungwa. Mhinduro ndeyekuti huwandu hwacho hunosiyana uye zvinoenderana nemamiriro mazhinji. Kunyanya marondedzero anoita ephemeral pfungwa yemari. Kune vamwe vanofunga zvechinyakare, mari iri ndarama nesirivha. Ivo vanodana zvimwe zvese zvikwereti.
Asi, kana iwe wakambozvibvunza kuti imarii iriko pasirese, iwe ungangodaro wakafunga kuti mhinduro kune izvi inofanirwa kuve iri yepamusoro nhamba, zvisinei, mhinduro haisi iyo yakapusa. Munyika ino umo mari yacho inomiririra chikamu chidiki chete chezvese, saka tinofanira kufunga zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kutipa mhinduro.
Parizvino iyo kukosha kwemari inosimbiswa nekuvimba kwevanhu mairi, izvi zvinokonzerwa nenyaya yekuti mari zhinji inotenderera muvanhu haina kupihwa nehurumende dzenyika kana kutsigirwa nenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa nyika, asi kuti inenge 90% yemari iri kutenderera pasirese imari iyo mabhizimusi emabhizimusi akazvimirira Izvo zvakagadzirwa uye chete 10% imari mumari yemari uye mabhiri akasiyiwa zviri pamutemo nehurumende.
Mari munyika
Kuziva imarii iriko pasi pano, zvingave zvisina kukwana kufunga nezve akasiyana mari uye mabhiri aripo. Yakazara mari mhedzisiro yezvigadzirwa zvakasiyana, imwe yacho ndeyemari. Mari iyo inotenderera pamwe nemari yepanyama inoiswa mumasefa emabhangi inozivikanwa kuti inonzi monetary base. Hwaro hwemari ndiyo huwandu hwemari huripo pasi rose.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemari
Kuziva uye kuziva iyo Mari yakazara pasi roseZvakakoshawo kufunga nezvemari yatinayo mumasevha edu kana kutarisa maakaundi, macheki kana mumadhipoiti akagadzirwa, ndiko kuti, mari iyo inowanikwa ipapo. Rudzi urwu rwemari rwunozivikanwa se Mari Yakamanikana uye chikamu ichi chinosanganisirawo mari, rimwe zita rainozivikanwa naro M1.
Kana iwe ukawedzera kuM1 iyo mari nekuwanika mune ipfupi kana yepakati izwi, senge nguva yekuisa, mhedzisiro yacho ingave iri mari yakati kurei, inozivikanwa seM2. Kana kune izvi akawedzera iyo kuchinjirwa kwenguva pfupi, kuchengetedzeka kunze kwemasheya, kutora chikamu mumari yemusika wemari, kutanga kubva pachikamu ichi, kune akasiyana typologies ayo anosanganisira iwo akambotaurwa uye anogona kusiyaniswa zvichienderana nekuwanikwa kwavo, pamwe nekuvimbika kwemari yeiyo iri kutaurwa nezvayo. , mune iyi modhi tinogona kuwana muM6 uye kunyangwe M7.
Sum yezvigadzirwa zvebhangi
Mushure mekutaura zvese izvi, zvinonyatsonzwisiswa kuti zvakaoma sei Verenga mari yese iri pasi, asi fungidziro dzinogona kuitwa. Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti kune anopfuura zviuru makumi matanhatu zvemakumi matatu emamiriyoni emadhora, ayo chete 1% mapepa kana mari, nekuda kweichi chikonzero tinogona kufungidzira kukosha kwezvigadzirwa uye masangano emari anodzora tambo dzehupfumi hwenyika.
Mune dzino nguva apo kudiwa kunoonekwa chero kupi, kunyanya mu macroeconomics bhoraAya mafomati echikwereti anowanzo kutarisirwa semari uye munzvimbo idzi iro izwi rinoshanda kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda uye zvinokurudzira. Saka dambudziko rekuongorora harisi rakanyanya kuwanda zeros iri kuwedzerwa sezvo dudziro ichiwedzera uye ichiwedzera kusanzwisisika, asi zvirimo nemipimo yedudziro.
Isuwo tinofanira kutora musika wesirivheri unoverengwa iri kutenderera mabhiriyoni gumi nemana. Chinhu chekutanga iwe chaunofanirwa kuziva ndechekuti, kusiyana negoridhe, sirivheri ine zviuru gumi zvemashandisirwo mumaindasitiri ekurapa, emagetsi, nezvimwe. Zvakare, nzwisisa mashandisiro ayo semari chaiyo. Izvo ndezvekunzwisisa kuti mutengo wesimbi yakakosha, ingave goridhe kana sirivheri, yakadzvanywa zvakanyanya kwemakumi emakore nemabhanga epakati, chaizvo nekuti nhoroondo yakaratidza kuti ndiyo chete mari yakakosha chaizvo, uye nekuda kweichi chikonzero, iwo ari ma parameter zvinopesana nemari yako zvigadzirwa zvinofanirwa kuve nemutengo senge iyo euro, dhora, yen, pondo, peso, yuan, nezvimwe.
Zvinoenderana ne kukosha kweiyo capitalization yekambani inochiva kupfuura iyo New York Stock Exchange, Apple. Iine $ 616 bhiriyoni, isu tinogona kunyatso zero kuti izvo zvese ndezve maAnglo trillion.
La chikwereti chenyika yatora danho rakakosha, nekuti izvi zvinokonzerwa nechikwereti chakasununguka muchimiro chezvisungo zvemunyika, huwandu hwayo i $ 199 AT iyo yakawanikwa ikagadzirwa kunze kwemweya mutete mushure medambudziko muna 2008. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, mu nguva yemakore masere, pasi rose rakawana chikwereti chakaenzana nekapetwa ka8 kukosha kwemusika weApple
Iyo yakawanda yakasvetuka
Apa ndipo pane iyo pasi rose zvemari inotora somersault, sezvo ichikwira kune dzakanyanya kuwedzeredzwa, izvo zvinobva pamidziyo. Ivo vakakosha zvakanyanya nekuda kwehunhu hwavo hwekupenga hwe 1.2 quadrillion Izvo zvakaenzana angangoita zviuru zviviri maapuro.
Izvi zvinonzi zvakagadzirwa semushonga unorwisa njodzi yezvemari, asi zvinoenderana nevanoongorora vazhinji zvakapesana nemhedzisiro zvakawanikwa, ndiko kuwedzera njodzi. Muchokwadi, zvombo zvemari zvekuparadza vakawanda humbowo hweizvi uye, kunyangwe chiri chokwadi kuti vanogadzira seti inowedzera kusvika zero, njodzi dzavanozofanira kukonzera pakati pevamwe vanobhejera, nekuputika, pakati pehurongwa uye vakaodzwa mwoyo vakundi, avo vavakwikwidzana navo vakatadza kubhadhara. Pakupedzisira, munhu wese anopedzisira ave kurasikirwa.
Nzira yakapusa yekuita tsananguro ingave iri mune iyo banking system iyo nyika yega yega yainayo, kune vanhu nemakambani vane mari yavanoronga kuisa mumabhangi, muchimiro chekutarisa maakaundi, nguva dzekuisa, mabhangi ekuchengetedza, nezvimwe. Kana munhu aisa mari mubhangi, mari iyi yaisazochengetwa muvhavha zvachose, ichimirira kuti munhu wacho aibvise rimwe zuva.
Pane kupesana, zvinoitika ndezvekuti bhanga rinoshandisa mari iyoyo kurikweretesa kune vamwe vanouya kunyorera zvikwereti. Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kuchengetedza kana kuchengeta imwe muzana yemari iyoyo mumatura, kana mutengi achida kuibvisa chero nguva. Iyo pesenti inogona kusiyana nyika nenyika, uye yakagadzwa nebhanga repakati renyika imwe neimwe kuti mabhanga akazvimirira ane chisungo chinosanganisira kuchengetedza gumi muzana yemadhipatimendi senzvimbo, uyezve kana munhu achiisa zviuru gumi zvemadhora mu bhangi, iri bhangi rinofanirwa kuchengeta chiuru chemadhora mumabhiri mukati memakamuri aro uye zvimwe zvese zvinogona kushandiswa kukweretesa kune vamwe nenzira yechikwereti.
Iyi sisitimu yakashanda nenzira iyi nekuda kwemukana unodiwa nevatengi vese bvisa mari yako panguva imwe chete iri pasi, ndosaka kana paine vatengi zana mubhanga paine avhareji yemadhora zviuru zviviri zvakaiswa mumwe nemumwe, panenge paine mari inosvika mazana maviri ezviuru zvemadhora, kuitira kuti bhanga rive nechisungo chekuchengetedza 100 muzana, inoenzana nemadhora zviuru makumi maviri, asi imwe yese, inova madhora zana nemakumi masere, inogona kushandiswa kune zvimwe zvinangwa, sekukweretesa kune vamwe vanhu.
Semuenzaniso, fungidzira kuti a mutengi anoisa miriyoni yemadhora mubhangi, bhangi rambotaurwa rinogona kushandisa kusvika ku90% yemari yemutengi kuti ikweretwe kune vamwe vashandisi, mune ino inenge iri zviuru mazana mapfumbamwe zvemadhora. Zvino ngatiti mumwe munhu anoda chikwereti chemadhora mazana maviri ezviuru kuti atenge imba, mumwe mutengi anoda $ 900 kuti avhure bhizinesi idzva rekutengesa, uye mumwe munhu anotora chikwereti chemadhora mazana mana ezviuru pakutenga kwese kweimba. Sezvo bhangi riine chete $ 200 kubva kune yekutanga mutengi dhipoziti, inogona kupa iyo yakazara kune vese vanhu vatatu.
Asi, bhanga harisi kuzopa mazana zviuru mazana mapfumbamwe emadhora nemari kune vatengi varo, asi ndoda Wedzera kuakaundi yako yebhangiIzvi zvinoreva kuti mari inongogadzirwa kubva pakutanga, inongova nhamba mudhatabhesi reakaundi mabhangi. Nechikonzero ichi, mamirioni emadhora akaiswa pekutanga anoramba asina kuita mari, chete nechero chikamu chekuchengetedza, bhanga richava nekodzero yekugadzira huwandu hwacho kusvika pamakumi mapfumbamwe muzana emari yose inochengetwa iri mari. Nenzira iyi, mazana zviuru mazana mapfumbamwe emadhora anenge awedzerwa kuhurongwa hwemari.