Inobva pazwi reChirungu "Dzosera Pamidziyo", Inozivikanwawo se "Dzoka pane Investment" o Royi. Iyo ndeimwe yematanho akakosha emari nhasi, parizvino inoshandiswa nemakambani ese anoda kumisikidza yavo profitability, Iye ROA, ine zviyero zve kuverenga la ukama iripo pakati batsirwa yakawanikwa mune imwe nguva uye iyo assets wepasi rose rekambani.
Kukosha kwayo kunoenderana zvakanyanya nenyaya yekuti inobvumidza munyori zvakananga degree re kubudirira , que tora ari assets zvechokwadiles a kambani, zvisinei nemhando dzemari dzinoshandiswa, pamwe nemutoro mutero yenyika iyo kambani inoita mabasa ayo ekutengeserana. Asi, iyo ROA inobvumira munhu anotarisira mari kuti aone kugona kweiyo assets yekambani ye gadzira rendi kubudikidza ellos zvimwe chete.
Maitiro ekuverenga ROA?
Iyo ROA paramende inogona kuverengerwa neinotevera nzira:
ROA = EBIT mabhenefiti
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Mari Yese
Zvichida zvinoita kunge zvakaoma kunzwisisa, nekuda kwetemu, kujekesa zvishoma kuziva kwayo unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti profits EBIT zvataurwa mufomura zvinoreva izvo mabhenefiti anowanikwa nekambani kare de kudzikisira ari kufarira, the mitero, uye iyo Kubvisa mari.
Muchikamu chechipiri chemufomula iye akataura nezve Mari Yese, zvine chirevo chinoenderana zvakananga ne avhareji nhumbi de dos zviyero zvinotevera.
Icho chikonzero nei EBIT inoshandiswa seyero yekuyera kuverenga iyo ROA, pachinzvimbo chekushandisa iyo purofiti mushure mekufarira uye mutero, zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nechizvarwa che mari , que enderera of the assets zvakakwana yakazvimiririra la load mutero nezve profits uye kune kunobva mari inoshandiswa, zviri kunze zvinhu.
Este paramende inoratidza izvozvo zvisarudzo has zvedu kambani ne assets iyo ndeyayo, mune mamwe mazwi, yakawanda sei purofiti imwe neimwe Euro une inverant mairi, iyo inobatsira kwazvo kana iwe uchida kuita kuenzanisa pakati siyana makambani, sekureba sezvavanenge vari mukati mechikamu chimwe chete, sezvo purofiti yekudyara ichisiyana zvichienderana nebazi iri nenzira inonzwisisika. Mune mazwi akajairika, tinogona kutaura kuti index ROA mukuru kupfuura 5% Zvaitwa kugadzira una kuwana zvakakosha.
Izvo zvino ndezvekuverenga kweiyo profits Zvekambani, kesken inorema avhareji zvinhu.
Iko iyo batsirwa inoreva chaizvo batsirwa ndawana kare of the mitengo zvemari uye zvinoitika mutero, apo pfuma yacho inofanirwa kuverengerwa pamusoro pemwedzi miviri yekupedzisira sezvatotaurwa.
ROA kuverenga muenzaniso
Muenzaniso wekutanga ibhizinesi rinogadzira zvikamu, iyo ROA angave ari accounting purofiti Chii chinowanikwa kubva pachiitwa akapatsanurwa pakati pe assets zvebhizinesi, izvi zvinogona kubva ku: nzvimbo, michina, mari, kana masheya mune yekuverenga.
Saka alternativa unogona here kuwana iyo ROA pamusoro pemuganhu wekutengesa, sekureba sekufungidzirwa kuti:
ROA = Margin pakutengesa x Asset mutero
Fomura mune iyo Margin pakutengesa es zvakafanana ku:
Batsirwa
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Sales
Uye kupi iyo Asset mutero es zvakafanana a:
Sales
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Avhareji ehupfumi hwese
Kuenderera mberi nemuenzaniso wekambani inogadzira zvikamu, pane maviri akasiyana akasiyana e kuverenga la profitability zvebhizinesi, Izvi ndizvo yakazara yekutengesa vhoriyamu y muganhu unowanikwa pakutengesa kwega kwega. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kuzadzisa purofiti yeiyo 10% yekambani yezvikamu, pane nzira mbiri dzakasiyana dzekuzadzisa izvi.
Yokutanga iri kutengesa 10 zvigadzirwa zvine rubatsiro rwe 1% uye yechipiri irikushambadzira chidimbu chimwe chete nemari ye 10%. Neimwe yesarudzo mbiri idzi, mhedzisiro yakafanana inowanikwa, chinhu chakakosha kusimbisa imwe yekuenda kune bhizinesi rako, zvinoenderana nemutengo waunowana kuti uwane mbishi, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kana usinga uve nemutengo wakaderera, unopa yakanakisa mhando uye mafaera ayo, kana iwe uchikwanisa kutengesa nemutengo wekutengesa unofanirwa kuwana kutengesa kukuru nemari shoma, iyo pamwe chete ichatanga kuburitsa purofiti yakakura, chero bedzi uine chaunogona kutengesa timu.
ROA inosiyana pakati pemabhizimusi akasiyana
Kunyangwe iri chikamu chinowanikwa nekambani, zvakanaka ROA Ndiyo iyo kukosha kwayo kunopfuura 5%, kunyangwe kukosha uku kunowanzo shanduka zvichienderana neindasitiri iri kuongororwa. Nekuti zviri pachena kuti kambani kubva kune metallurgia indasitiri haina kufanana neresitorendi iri pakati peMadrid.
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudyara kwekutanga kutanga bhizinesi, nekuti, kuve nekambani ine mari yekutanga yekutanga yemidziyo, zvichazoita kuti ive nekutengesa kwakawanda uye ichakwanisa kusvika kune avo vatengi vanoda huwandu hwakawanda hwechigadzirwa.
Kune rimwe divi, kana ikatanga nemari diki yemidziyo, kambani ichafanirwa dzosa mukutengesa, kukwanisa kutenga zvishoma zvishoma nguva imwe neimwe, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nazvo.
Kana iwe uchikwanisa kutora zvinhu pamutengo wakanakisa wemusika, kana uchidhonza kana kuuburitsa, une mukana wekudzora kudiwa kwechigadzirwa, chiito chisina hunhu mumaonero angu, asi chinowanzoitwa nemahombe mahombe.
ROA inobatsira kuenzanisa pakati pemakambani
Muenzaniso uri pachena wekushandisa kwayo pakuenzanisa pakati pemakambani ndewe, kambani yakumbira chikwereti kubhadhara michina yayo munyika ine mutero wakakura kwazvo, ichave yakafanana ROA kupfuura imwe nyika ine mutero wakaderera mutero, kana iyo yakashandisa zviwanikwa zvayo kubhadhara bhizinesi, asi izvo zvinotengesa zvakafanana. Kuita kuti zvikwanisike neizvi, fananidzo pakati pemakambani ari muchikamu chimwe chete, kunyangwe kana vachishanda mune dzakasiyana nyika nemamiriro.
Ruzivo rwavo runobvumidza kuratidza zvinogona kuitwa nekambani ne assets zvaunazvo; mune mamwe mazwi, yakawanda sei profitability inopa yega euro yakaiswa mukambani kana munharaunda. Semuenzaniso, kambani yemafuta ine ROA Del 15% zvinoreva izvozvo zvose euro yakasimwa mukambani kuti iwane mari nyowani, ichagadzira 15 masendi de Euro Chemhondoro batsirwa.
El chinangwa mukuru wezvemari wechero kambani, ndeyekuvandudza iyo profitability of the same, kunyanya kana paine zvirimwa zvakaitwa nguva pfupi yadarika, izvo zvinowoneka mhedzisiro inodiwa. Muchokwadi, iyi ndiyo musimboti zvakafanana zve mari a kambani, mune mamwe mazwi, iko kugona kwainofanira kuburitsa kuyerera kwemari yakakwana kuzadzisa izvo zvinangwa zvakagadzwa.
La profitability chii chine assets inomiririra iyo profitability zvemari iyo kambani inayo, izvi zvinoreva kuti iyo purofiti inowanikwa mukambani game la investments yakazadziswa. Ndokunge, huwandu hwakazara hwakavakirwa pane zvakajairwa chiitiko.
Muchidimbu, chiyero chinoongorora mashandiro anoita kambani, uye chinotipa mufananidzo wakazara webhenefiti iyo kambani inogona kuburitsa kubva kune zviwanikwa zvakadyarwa.
Dudziro
Kubva pane fomula yekuwana iyo ROA izvo zvawakaratidzwa kwauri, tinogona kufungidzira izvo izvo kambani inofanirwa kuita kuti ivandudze yayo ROA:
- Wedzera mwero wekutengesa, nekudzikisa kugadzirwa uye kugadzirwa kwemitengo kana nekuwedzera mitengo yezvigadzirwa.
- Wedzera kutenderera kwemidziyo, kuwedzera huwandu hwekutengesa mumisika mitsva kana mune mamwechetewo kuburikidza nechimwe chiito chekushambadzira icho chinobatsira mukurumbira nekutengesa kwekambani.
Sekuongorora, isu tine dos akasiyana mamodheru kuti awane kudzoka kwakakwirira pazvinhu: yekutanga modhi makambani ane mubhadharo wakakura senge zvinhu zveumbozha, zvigadzirwa zvakaita seApple, Rolex, Bentley, uye kune rimwe divi isu tine mhando yemakambani ane margins vadiki de kuwana mune zvigadzirwa zvavo, asi ne enorme kutenderera of the assets, kesi senge: McDonald's, Burger King, Pizza Hut.
Musiyano uripakati pe ROE ne ROA
Iwe unofanirwa kutsanangura zvakajeka iyo ROA with the ROE nekuti, kunyangwe mune dzimwe nguva ivo vanowanzo kuve nhamba dzakaenzana, mune dzimwe nguva dzakawanda havasi.
Kana iyo kambani isina chikwereti chemari, iyo ROA and the ROE vachatenderana. Asi muchiitiko chekuti kambani ine zvikwereti zverudzi rupi zvarwo, ipapo iyo ROE ichagara iri pamusoro kudarika ROAIzvi zvinokonzerwa nehuremu hunoitika muchikwereti, nekuti kwete zvakanyanya zvakagadziriswa zvinhu zvinodiwa kuti zviite zviitiko zvebhizinesi zvakajairika.
El ROE kuyera iyo simba iyo kambani iri kubvunzwa ine, kuitira kuti mubhadharo upfumi kusvika shareholders izvo zvinobatanidzwa mune izvi, saka kana zvichisanganisira zvikamu zvemari uye mutero chikwereti.
El ROA Panzvimbo iyoyo, inoshandiswa kunyatsoyera kunyatsoshanda kwechero zvinhu zvekambani, zvisinei nemabatirwo aiitwa mari uye nemitero yemitero munyika munoitwa zviitiko zvekambani.