El Bhengi dziva Inowanzo iri izwi rakajairika kunzwa kana kuverenga muminda yezvehupfumi. Zviri muropa kuti, kusajairana nehupfumi, sevamwe nyanzvi mumunda, unofanirwa kujekesa kuti izwi iri rinorevei sezvo richigona kuvhiringidza uye hwakawanda hunhu hwenharaunda hungadikanwa kuti uwane kushanda chaiko uye tsananguro yekuumba pfungwa kwetemu ino, pano tichajekesa iyo pfungwa kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuenda nayo kumba, neshamwari dzako dzebhizinesi, nemhuri yako uye usazombofunga zvakare kuti Banking Pool ine chekuita nemabhiridha.
Izwi Bhengi dziva inowanzoenderana ne "mari yekunze yekambani", Iyi ingangova imwe yenyaya idzo dzinozivikanwa nevanhu vashoma nezvadzo uye pamusoro padzo dzakagadzirwa zvakawanda zvisina kujekesa zvazvinonyatso kureva. Kune mazwi mazhinji ezvehupfumi ane chirevo chakaomarara, izvi zvinofanirwa kudzidziswa zvakadzama kana chaunoda kunzwisisa hupfumi sechimwe chinhu chepakutanga chinoitika muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva asi vanhu vashoma vanoziva. Usati watombofunga nezve kupinda munyaya iyi, unofanirwa kutsanangura izwi iri.
Bhangi rebhengi, tsanangudzo yaro.
Iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti chii a kubhengi dziva, izwi rinoreva masikati achitamba mabhiridha uye haawedzere kukomba pachiito. mabvazuva Uyu mushumo unogadzirwa nekambani, mumushumo uyu inoratidza mhando dzese dzemari dzainogamuchira kubva kune vechitatu mapato. Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare se "yechitatu bato mari", iri mhando yerubatsiro iyo isiri iyo ine chekuita nekudyara kana purofiti yekambani.
El bhengi dziva ndiyo yakadzama mushumo yengozi yekuita kubhengi, kunyangwe iwo makiredhiti, mashandiro emari, makiredhiti, vimbiso, nezvimwewo, zvese zvinochengetwa nemunhu zviri pamutemo, pane imwe nguva, mumabhangi anoshanda nemunhu uyu wepamutemo.
Mukushandisa kwega kwega kwechikwereti, mutemo wezvechikwereti kana chimwe chigadzirwa chemari, chakakumbirwa nesangano rebhizinesi, bhangi rinoda akateedzana magwaro ekuongorora solvency yekambani.
Inzvimbo yekubhengi haingobvunze ruzivo rwekuverenga (chirevo chemari, bhalanzi pepa) kana ruzivo rwemari (Iyo mitero yakapihwa nguva pfupi yadarika, pakati peiyi Mutero weKambani, VAT, Yemunhu Mutero Mutero, nezvimwewo), kuwedzera kune izvo zvinoda iyo yatotaurwa yadhangi yebhangi.
Mukati meiyo mushumo, iro bhizinesi bhizinesi rinofanira kutaura izvo zvakanangana nemari zvigadzirwa izvo zvakabvumirana, zita rebhangi rega rega, mazuva ekupera kwezvose zvigadzirwa zvine chibvumirano uye miganho yakapihwa pachigadzirwa chega chega chemari. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti ubatanidze kune uyu mushumo, mareti ekupedzisira echimwe nechimwe chezvinhu zvataurwa pamusoro zvemari, iwe unogona zvakare kuwedzera chitupa chezvikwereti zvisati zvabhadharwa kubhangi rega rega.
Kana zvisina kujeka, heino muenzaniso wakapusa:
SME inogona kuve nedziva rebhangi umo inotsanangura kuti nebhangi rimwe rine mutsetse, nepo riine rimwe bhangi (rechipiri bhangi kunze kwekutanga), ine kiredhiti kiredhiti uye ine rezenisheni yekuita nemumwe wechitatu bato.
Pamusoro peiyi tsananguro yechikwereti, iyo yezvemari inounganidza data kubva kunjodzi nzvimbo yeBhangi reSpain (CIRBE). Tataura izvi, tinogona kusimbisa kuti dziva rekubhangi uye neCIRBE zvinowanzoenderana, izvi hazviitike nguva dzese.
Chokwadi chiri nyore chekufunga nezvacho ndechekuti masangano emari haafanire kuzivisa makiredhi emari iri pasi pezviuru zviuru zvitanhatu, pachikonzero chimwe chete ichi CIRBE inogona kunge isiri kuzivisa njodzi pazasi peiyi mari. Ndicho chikonzero chikuru uye kukosha kwedziva rebhangi, kuva neruzivo rweyero ye solvency yekambani.
Chii chinonzi CIRBE?
CIRBE, yezita racho muchiSpanish: Njodzi Ruzivo Renzvimbo yeBhangi yeSpain (CIRBE), dhatabhesi yeruzhinji, zvisinei, zvakavanzika, inounganidza njodzi idzo zvikwereti zvine zvikwereti nevatengi vazvo, kunyangwe zvivimbiso, zvikwereti, zviyero zvemari yechikwereti, nezvimwe. (Rangarira kuti izvi zvinogara zviri zviyero kubva ku6.000 euros).
Kana zviri izvo kuti kuverenga kwakavimbika kunoratidza bhizinesi bhizinesi, vachinzwisisa neizvi kuti zvikwereti nemasangano emari zvakanyoreswa nenzira kwayo, iyo Central Risk Information Center yeBhangi reSpain nedziva rebhengi rinotorwa kubva kuaccount kambani inofanirwa kusangana.
Zvinoita here kuti bhangi ikumbire ruzivo kubva kuCIRBE kune kambani?
Kubva 2002 mhinduro yeiyi ndeyekuti hongu unogona. Sezvakaitwa pachena neBhangi reSpain, mvumo yakajeka yemutengi haichadiwe. Asi iyo yemari institution inofanirwa kuita yakasarudzika yakanyorwa mushumo kuti iri mukati mekodzero yayo yekuzviita, izvi zvakananga kune mutengi.
Bhanga reSpain nedziva rebhangi.
Iyo inodzora muviri weiyo Chikamu chemari muSpain iBhangi reSpain, rine basa rinoitwa pamwe chete neEuropean Central Bank mukati meiyo Imwe Supervisory Mechanism. Sangano iri rinoita uye rinotsanangura mutemo wezvemari weyuro zone, rinoita kuburitswa kwemari dzemabhengi zvinoenderana nemazano eDare Rinodzora reECB, mukuwedzera pakuchengetedza matura emari yekunze uye nesimbi yakakosha yeSpain, izvi uye Pakati pemamwe mabasa. Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvaro ndezvekudzora nekutora ruzivo maererano nezvezvikwereti, zvivimbiso, zvikwereti uye dzimwe njodzi dzinogona kuunganidzwa nemasangano emari. Iri dhatabhesi rinotarisirwa nebasa rinozivikanwa seRisk Information Center kana CIR (kunze kweSpain), kana zvakare inotaurwa nezvayo kakawanda seBank of Spain Risk Information Center.
Zvinangwa zvakakosha zveCIRBE zvakanyanyisa zviviri:
- Ipa iro rinodiwa dhata kumasangano kuitira kuti agone kupa njodzi, ndipo painoita basa redziva rebhengi.
- Inoshanda sechiridzwa chekutarisa chebhengi chikamu, nekuda kweichi chikonzero chinozadzisa basa rayo mukati mezviitiko zveBhangi reSpain.
Mabhangi anozivisa sei njodzi dzawo?
Pamwedzi wega wega, zvikwereti zvemubatanidzwa, mabhengi ekuchengetedza, mabhangi, yepamutemo chikwereti Institute kana ICO, maSpanish emari emari mumasangano ekunze uye ese makadhi masisitimendi anopa ruzivo rwese rwunodiwa.
Izvo zvakakosha kuti utarise kuti, mune yambotaurwa rondedzero, dzimwe dzenjodzi dzinosarudzika uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa nezvikwereti zviri kunze kana kusabvumidzwa kubva kune ichi chisungo.
Zvakananga uye zvisina kunangana nenjodzi.
Kana iyo data yawanikwa chete, aya akapatsanurwa kuita mapoka maviri:
- Zvakananga njodzi. Izvi zvinoenderana nezvikwereti izvi zvemasaini kana zvemari uye zvekurendesa. Yakagadziriswa mari yekuchengetedzeka ivowo vane chikwereti, inozivikanwawo se "chikwereti chengetedzo", kusasanganisa chikwereti cheveruzhinji. Mimwe mienzaniso yeiyo yekupedzisira ndeiyi: zvisungo kana zvisungo zvehurumende zvehupfumi, mabhiri, nezvimwe.
- Njodzi dzisina kunanga. Ndidzo dzinoenderana neidzo dzinovimbisa vamwe vatengi vane zvikwereti zvakapihwa.
Ivo vanogona kuwana iyo data yakanyoreswa muzita ravo vese vanhu vepanyama kana vepamutemo. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza neVirtual Office yeBhangi reSpain, kuti zviite saizvozvo zvinofanirwa kuve nemagetsi DNI kana chitupa chedigital chakapihwa neNational Currency uye Stamp Fekitori. Kupinda mumunhu hazvigoneke, nekuti zvinongofanirwa kuenda kumahofisi eCentral Risk Information Center kumuzinda weBank of Spain, kero yake iri: Calle Alcalá, 48, Madrid. Uye sesarudzo yekupedzisira, chikumbiro chinogona kuitwa netsamba nerinotevera ruzivo kubva kumutumiri:
- Bank of Spain
- Ruzivo rwemari uye Central Risk
- C / Alcala, makumi mana nemasere
- 28014
Ruzivo rwese runogona kukumbirwa nemuridzi, nekuti izvi muridzi anofanirwa kusaina gwaro rekukumbira uye kuendesa kopi yeiyo DNI, pasipoti kana NIE. Kana mukobvu achida kupa kodzero yake, zvinotevera zvinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa: Ipai NIE, DNI kana pasipoti yemumiriri uye gwaro reruzhinji rinoratidza kuti mumiriri anogona kuita basa iri.
Ndeapi ari madhaidhi anodikanwa ekupedzisa tafura yemabhangi?
Iko kukosha uye overestimation yekuve neyese data yakarairwa uye inodiwa nenzira kwayo kudzivirira mhedzisiro kana zvisirizvo mhedzisiro haina hwaro. Idzi ndidzo dhata dzekutanga kupedzisa tafura yebhangi:
- Izita remasangano ane kambani yakabata nenjodzi.
- Mhando yenjodzi kwainoreva, ingava chikwereti, ichisimbisa, mogeji, kubvumidza, nezvimwe.
- Iyo yekutanga huwandu hwenjodzi dzichiri kushanda.
- Iyo yakamirira huwandu hwengozi, inonzwisiswa seyosara kugadziriswa.
- Chigadzirwa kutanga zuva.
- Chigadzirwa kupera zuva.
- Waranti dziri kana dzakabatanidzwa nechigadzirwa.
Mukupedzisa; vese vanhu nemakambani vanovimba nemari yebhangi uye masangano anobvunza kuti zvinhu zvese zvimire zvakanaka, hazvina kunyanya kukosha kwavari kuti mutengi ari kutaurwa anotsigirwawo nevanokwikwidza navo. Pfungwa yakadzika midzi mumasangano emari, zvinoreva kuti pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana, hongu, asi kusiri kunze kwenzvimbo yekubhanga.