Zvikwereti zvinopera rini kuSpain

  

Zvakajairika kuti pane imwe nguva muhupenyu hwedu takave ne chikwereti kukambani kana mumwe munhuZvingatoita kuti isu tine chikwereti chemari. Kunyangwe chiri chinhu chakajairika, havazi vazhinji vanoziva kuti kana nguva yacho yasvika, Chikwereti chinogona kupa, ndiko kuti, chinopera kuvapo uye tinoda kutaura newe pamusoro pazvo chaizvo mubhuku rino.

Zvikwereti zvachose here?

Kazhinji vanhu vanowana chikwereti vanowanzo funga kuti yavo chikwereti chinokunda kusvikira huwandu hwese hwabhadharwa vakavapa chikwereti, kuwedzera kune mubereko. Ichokwadi, zvakadaro, ndechekuti kuSpain, zvikwereti hazvisi zvekusingaperi kana zvekusingaperi. Zvikwereti zvinoraira uye unozviita nenzira dzakasiyana, semuenzaniso:

• Chekutanga pane zvese, chikwereti chiri pachena chinonyora kana huwandu hwemari yaakweretwa yabhadharwa zvizere.
• Chinozivikanwa se “tsamba yechikwereti ", inoitika kana mushure mekunge imwe nguva yapfuura, chikwereti chakangobviswa, kunyangwe kana mukweretesi achiri kubhadhara zvese zvaakakwereta.
• Saizvozvowo, muripo unogona kuunzwa kuti mubhadhari ane chikwereti kuTax Agency, anoripa chikwereti nemari inofanirwa kutambirwa sekudzoserwa kwemutero wemunhu.
• Kunyangwe chiri chitsama chisingaenzaniswi chikwereti, kutukwa zvakare imwe nzira iyo zvikwereti zvinoraira. Aya mamiriro anoitika kana mukweretesi "achiregerera" chikwereti.

Ndeipi izwi mune izvo zvikwereti zvinopihwa muSpain?

Muchokwadi zvese zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechikwereti chakabvumidzwa. Parizvino, Civil Code muSpain inogadza yakakwira nguva inosvika pamakore mashanu echikwereti kupa, asi izvi zvinongoshanda chete kune izvo zvikwereti izvo zvisina mutemo wakasimbiswa wekusakwana. Naizvozvo kune mazwi akasiyana emhando dzakasiyana dzezvikwereti.

• Kana chiri mutero wechikwereti, mushonga wechikwereti unosimbiswa kusvika pamakore makumi maviri. Panyaya yekuitisa mogeji, munhu asina kutaura izwi rakakosha kunyorerwa chikwereti, izwi iri makore gumi nemashanu.
• In the nyaya yezvikwereti neSocial Security uye neHurumendeIzvi zvinoratidzira kwenguva yemakore mana.
• Kana iri yezvikwereti zve asiri-mogeji ane hukama nezvikwereti uye izvo zvakapihwa nemabhangi, zvido zvinoshanda zvinonyorwa mushure memakore mashanu. Panyaya yechikwereti chikuru, izvi zvinopera zvakare mushure memakore mashanu. Nekudaro, kana chikwereti chakawanikwa pakati paNovember 5, 5 naNovember 7, 2000, iwo mutemo weganhuriro makore gumi nemashanu.
• Nezve iyo zvikwereti zvakatorwa kubva kune alimony, kubhadhara kwemasevhisi, kubhadharisa dzimba, tsamba yacho ndeye makore mashanu.

Chii chingaitwe nemukweretesi pamberi pekunyora mishonga yezvikwereti?

Kana mukweretesi akatarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu apo uyo ane chikwereti asingabhadhare chaanokwereta, anogona kuenda kwairi maitiro ekutonga kana ekuwedzera maitiro kuita chikumbiro chekubhadhara. Mupfungwa iyi, mutemo uripo zvino unosimbisa kuti mukweretesi anogona kumisa kunyorerwa kwechikwereti kuti chisadzimwa uye iye arasikirwe nemari yake.

Nzira dzakasiyana idzo mukweretesi anogona kukanganisa kunyoreswa kwechikwereti ndeichi:

• Nekutumira burofax
• Kuburikidza nedare redzimhosva
• Nemaitiro ekuziva chikwereti
• Kurega chikwereti uye zvichidaro uchiwana mubhadharo wechikwereti

Izvo zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti kana mukweretesi akagadzira chero chiito chekuda chikwereti, izvo zvauri kuita zviri kumbomisa mushonga wechikwereti. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nguva inodiwa kuti chikwereti chinyangarike nekufamba kwenguva inotangazve kubva pakutanga. Izvi zvechokwadi, kana mukweretesi audzwa kuti chikwereti ichi chiri kuitwa.

Semuenzaniso, kana uine roja asina kubhadhara mari yemba, mukweretesi anogona kutora chikumbiro chekubhadhara nenzira yekutonga kana yekusaruramisira, chero nguva makore mashanu asati apfuura kubva pachikwereti ichocho. Iyo imwechete-yemakore mashanu nguva yekutsakatika kwechikwereti inotanga zvakare kubva pakutanga.

Zvimwe zvekutongwa

Kana iwe uchida kumira tsamba yechikwereti, zvakakosha kuti zvive zvichisimbiswa kuti mukweretesi akaonana nemukweretesi. Kana chimwe chinhu senge ichi chikaitika, chinhu chinonyanya kushambadzirwa ndechekutumira yakasimbiswa yezvinyorwa burofax, umo mubhadharo wekubhadhara unoitwa. Pamusoro pezvo, uye nechinangwa chekuti mukweretesi anogona kutaura kuti kutaurirana hakuna kuitwa zvakanaka, zvakanakira kuti inyorwe nenyanzvi pachinhu ichi, mune rino gweta rine hunyanzvi muzvikwereti.

Chinhu chinowanzoitika ndechekuti iko kunyora uko uyo ane chikwereti anoratidzwa kuti iye achinayo chikwereti chinobhadharwa kune waunokweretesa. Kuti upe kuvimbika kune iro gwaro, unogona zvakare kunamatira ruzivo rwese rwunoratidza kuvepo kwechikwereti chakataurwa, kunyangwe izvi zvisiri zvekumanikidza. Mune iro gwaro, iwe unopihwawo nguva yekupedzisira yekubhadhara chikwereti chako uye zvakare kuratidza nzira yaungabhadhare nayo chikwereti. Izvi zvinyorwa hazvireve kuti zvinofanirwa kureva kukanganiswa kwemutemo.

Kutonga

Mhosva yekutonga yechikwereti inoda kuenda nenzira yehurumende uye mune izvi zviitiko zvinonyanya kukodzera ndiyo nzira yekubhadhara maitiro. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kuisa chikumbiro, pamwe nemagwaro akatorwa pachikwereti. Kana izvi zvese zvangosimbiswa, mutongi anoda kuti mukweretesi agadzirise zvaakakwereta kana kupikisawo mukati menguva isingasviki mazuva makumi maviri.

Kana zvikaitika kuti uyo ane chikwereti haagadzirise chikwereti chake mushure mekuti odzo yekubhadharisa yaitwa kana kunyangwe isina kuoneka pairi, ipapo hurongwa hwekubhadhara hunomiswa uye ndipo apo mukweretesi anogona kukumbira kuurayiwa. Zvino, kana mari iri kudanwa muhurongwa hwekubhadharisa inodarika € 2.000 XNUMX uye munhu ane chikwereti achiramba, ipapo munzira yekuzivisa inotorwa kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kupindira kwegweta negweta kuchazodiwa.

Ipapo mutongi achazopihwa basa rekugadzirisa zvataurwa nemapato ese uye otarisa kuti pane kana kwete chikwereti. Muchiitiko chekuti danho remutongi rifarire mukweretesi, ipapo rinobva ratara nguva yekupedzisira uyo ane chikwereti anodzima chikwereti chake zvizere. Kana zvisinei nezvose izvi, ane chikwereti asingade kana asingakwanise kubhadhara izvo zvaakakwereta, saka yekupedzisira ndiyo nzira yekuitisa mutongo, mune izvo zvinoitika ndiko kubatwa kwezvinhu zvemunhu ane chikwereti kuvhara izvo zvinofanirwa.

Ko zvakatemwa nechikwereti pakadhi rechikwereti?

Parizvino, iyo nguva yekunyorwa kwechikwereti pakadhi rechikwereti makore mashanu, izvo zvinoverengerwa kubva apo kuzadzikiswa kwechisungo kunogona kudanirwa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti titaure kuti kare, mutemo wekukanganisa waive makore gumi nemashanu, asi nekuda kwekuvandudzwa muchinyorwa 15 cheiyo Civil Code, izvozvi zvave kungove makore mashanu.

Kazhinji yenguva kana iwe uine imwe kadhi rechikwereti chikwereti, iyo yekuda inoitwa kuburikidza neodha yekubhadhara maitiro. Panyaya yekunyorwa kwechikwereti chekadhi rechikwereti, zvakafanira kupokana nemamiriro ezvinhu se "Chikonzero chekupikisa" kune iyo yekubhadharisa maitiro.

Iyi shanduko mu kunyorerwa kiredhiti kadhi rechikwereti, inofungidzira kuti zvikwereti zvese zvinobva kukadhi rechikwereti uye izvo zvakapihwa chibvumirano mushure maNovember 7, 2015, zvine mutemo wekukanganisa kwemakore mashanu kubva pakuteererwa.

Kune rimwe divi, ese zvikwereti zvekadhi rechikwereti mushure meNovember 7, 2005 uye pamberi paNovember 7, 2015, zvichave zvakatemwa munaNovember 6, 2020. Panyaya yezvikwereti zvekadhi rechikwereti pamberi paNovember 7, 2005 waNovember 15, ichave netemu iyo inopindirana kubva panguva iyo kutevedzera kwaungade, kuwedzera kune gumi nemashanu makore.

Ko zvikwereti nemabhangi uye Zvekuchengetedzwa Kwemagariro zvinopa?

Kana iwe uchida kuziva panguva ipi zvikwereti nemabhangi zvinopera, Chinhu chekutanga chaunofanirwa kuita kutarisa kuti ndeupi rudzi rwechikwereti chawakabata. Parizvino, kunyorerwa kwezvikwereti kumabhangi kune nguva yemakore gumi nemashanu inoverengerwa kubva kuziviso yekupedzisira kune ane chikwereti.

Panyaya yeSocial Security, mutemo uripo unosimbisa kuti chikwereti chinopera mushure memakore mana, asi chete mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:

• Zviito zvekuisa masanctions nekuda kwekutadza kutevedzera mutemo weSocial Security
• Zviito zvekudaidzira kugadziriswa kwechikwereti cheSocial Security mipiro
• Kodzero dzeSocial Security Administration yekugadzwa kwezvose zvikwereti neSocial Security uye kuti iwo makota.