Dangane da sabbin bayanai daga Social Security, daga watan Janairun 2018, matsakaicin fansho na ƙasa ya zama Euro 1.074 a kowane wata. Adadin da ya haɓaka a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, duk da matsalar tattalin arziki, da kashi 40%. A cikin 2007, matsakaicin fansho Euro 766 ne kawai a wata. Basasar Basque, Asturias da Madrid su ne al'ummomin masu cin gashin kansu waɗanda ke saman, yayin da akasin haka, Extremadura da Galicia ba sa kai euro 900 a kowane wata kuma suna kasancewa tare da mafi ƙarancin albashi. A gefe guda, bambancin jinsi sananne ne: yayin da ladan maza ya kai Yuro 1.244,7, na mata ya kasance kan Yuro 794,4. Wannan shine, kusan Yuro 500 na banbanci.
A lokacin karanta waɗannan bayanan, tabbas zakuyi tunani game da fansho da zaku karɓa a daidai lokacin da ritaya ta zo. Domin a mafi yawan lokuta akwai yiwuwar ba ku da cikakken haske game da adadin da zai dace da ku a wannan muhimmin matakin rayuwar ku. Domin koda wannan dabarun na iya taimaka muku shirya gaba don shekarun zinariya. Har zuwa cewa zaka iya kari ta hanyar ƙarin kudin shiga, kamar waɗanda aka samo daga kudaden masu zaman kansu ko shirin fansho.
Tabbas, gaskiyar lissafin fansho ba abune mai sauki ba tun farko. Saboda tsakanin wasu dalilai da yawa dole ne kuyi la'akari da yawancin masu canji waɗanda ke da cikakkiyar mahimmanci don haɓaka kowa na fensho. Har zuwa cewa shekarun gudummawa basu isa ba kamar yadda za a tattara shi a wannan matakin rayuwar ku. Kodayake wannan takamaiman lamarin ne, amma a cikin abin da zaku iya ganin an nutsar da ku kuma yana da matukar dacewa kuyi la'akari da su kuma aƙalla ku iya hango wannan yanayin.
Fensho na ba da gudummawa
Ofayan fuskoki na farko don bincika shine ko kun ba da gudummawar wadatattun shekaru don karɓar fansho mai ba da gudummawa. To, wannan yanayin yana faruwa idan ba haka ba ka bayar da gudummawa sama da shekaru 15 sabili da haka ba za ku sami damar yin ritaya ta al'ada ba. A cikin waɗannan lamuran, ya kamata ka sani cewa fansho ɗin da za ka sami damar ba da tallafin kuɗi na wata-wata daga Jiha don duk mutanen da suka kai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka, ba tare da haƙƙin ritaya ko fansho na ba da taimako ba saboda rashin aiki ko gudummawar da ta dace, da kuma "rashin" kudin shiga.
Kudin fansho na ba da gudummawa a cikin wannan shekara ta 2018 sun sha kashi na 0,25%, suna barin nasu adadin da aka saita a yuro 5.178,60 a shekara, waɗanda ake biya a cikin kashi 12 na kowane wata tare da biyan kuɗi biyu na ban mamaki a kowace shekara. Kudin da ya yi daidai da caji kowane ɗan fansho ya dogara da kuɗin shigar su da / ko na rukunin tattalin arzikin su na zama tare, kasancewar matsakaita da mafi ƙarancin kuɗi don cajin waɗannan da muka fallasa ku a ƙasa:
- Matsakaicin adadin PNC: Yuro 369,90 / watan tare da biyan kuɗi 14 ga waɗanda suka buƙata kuma suna da haƙƙin cikakken kuɗin. Tare da matsakaicin kuɗin shekara na yuro 5.164,60.
- Mafi qarancin kuɗin PNC: Yuro 92,48 a kowane wata tare da biyan kuɗi 14 (mafi ƙarancin adadin shekara na euro 1.294,65 ya yi daidai da 25% na matsakaicin abin da aka kafa, adadi da ke ƙasa wanda ba za a iya saukar da shi ba)
Yaya ake lissafin fansho?
Lokaci mafi mahimmanci na wannan aikin ya dace kuma shine sanin menene hakikanin fansho wanda zaku bari a daidai lokacin da kuka yi ritaya. Ta wannan hanyar, yana da matukar mahimmanci ku gano abin da shekarunku suka kasance. Don yin wannan, dole ne ku nemi tarihin aikinku wanda waɗannan bayanan zasu nuna. Koyaya, ka tuna cewa zaman ka a soja shima ya yi takara kamar shekaru na aiki kuma zai iya taimaka maka tsawaita lokacin aiki na rayuwarka ta sana'a. Tsakanin shekara ɗaya zuwa biyu, gwargwadon yanayin da aka zaɓa don zama cikin sojoji. Ba abin mamaki bane, wannan gaskiyar ce cewa kyakkyawan ɓangare na masu biyan haraji basu san da gaske ba.
A gefe guda kuma, wani bangare da ya kamata ka lura da shi daga yanzu shi ne, za a kirga kudin fansho na ritayar dangane da shekaru 25 na ƙarshe na ciniki. Wato, shekarun farko na rayuwar ku ba zasu shafe ku ba, kamar yadda a gefe guda yake da ma'ana a fahimta. Saboda wannan, abin da ya same ka a ɓangaren ƙarshe na rayuwar aikinka yana da mahimmanci tunda shine lokacin da aka ƙayyade ainihin adadin kuɗin fansho na gudummawa. Zuwa lokacin da tsawaita wannan bangare na rayuwar ku na iya amfanar ku kuma gwargwadon yadda dokokin yanzu ke nunawa.
Menene tushen tsari?
Tabbas kuna mamakin yadda ake lissafin tushen tsarin ku a cikin fansho na ritaya. Da kyau, a cikin 2022 tushen gudummawar na ƙarshe 25 shekaru don kirga tushen tsarin fansho na ritaya. Domin a wannan lokacin ana amfani da ikon wuce gona da iri wanda a cikin shekarar 2018 yakai shekaru 21. Amma abu mai mahimmanci shine gano menene tushen ƙa'idodin tsarin aiki wanda zai yi aiki a gare ku a wannan lokacin yanke shawara a rayuwar ku.
Ga abin da ya sawwaka daga yanzu, ba zaka da wani zabi face ka san menene sakamakon raba adadin na tushe faɗi na ma'aikaci a cikin watan kafin ranar da aka fara samun nakasa ga adadin ranakun da aka ce gudummawar tana nuni. Wannan canjin zai dogara ne akan albashin da kuke dashi da kuma kwanakin gudummawar. Har zuwa ma'anar cewa ana iya haifar da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci tsakanin ɗayan ko sauran masu ritayar. Ba abin mamaki bane, yana da mawuyacin ɓangare na aiwatar da lissafi tare da wasu daidaito.
Shekaru nawa aka nakalto?
Aspectaya daga cikin fannoni da za a bayyana shine abin da ya shafi mafi ƙarancin shekarun da dole ne ku sami gudummawa kuma ku more albashin waɗannan halaye kuma saboda haka bai dogara da fansho na ba da gudummawa wanda zai iya cutar da bukatun ku na kuɗi a cikin shekarun gwal. Don haka baku da shakku ko kadan, makasudin shine a cikin 2027 zai zama dole a lissafa 37 shekaru. Wannan shi ne, a total of Watanni 444 don karɓar cikakken fansho wanda ya dace da ku bisa shekarun da kuka yi aiki.
Wata tambaya daban ta daban ita ce wacce take da alaƙa da ƙarancin adadin shekarun da aka lissafa don tara 100% na fansho. Domin zai banbanta da mafi karancin shekaru don karbar mafi karancin fansho. Waɗannan ra'ayoyi guda biyu ne waɗanda ya kamata ku rabu a sarari don lissafin fansho da za ku tattara a wannan lokacin. Fiye da komai saboda kada ku kai ga kowane irin kuskure kuma hakan na iya cutar da ku a cikin wannan lokaci na bincike a cikin tarin fensho. Ba abin mamaki bane, abu ne gama gari ga sama da ɗaya masu ritaya suna mamakin fiye da ɗaya a wannan mahimmin lokaci a rayuwarsu.
Zan iya yin ritaya da wuri?
Wannan wani bangare ne mafi dacewa wanda zaku iya tambayar kanku daga yanzu. A wannan ma'anar, a cikin yanayin ritayar tilasta yin ritaya, ana iya aiwatar da shi har zuwa shekaru huɗu kafin shekarun ritayar doka. Amma don ku cimma wannan burin da kuke so, ba ku da wani zaɓi face ku sami aƙalla gudummawar shekaru 33. Kodayake zai yi la'akari da jerin hukunce-hukunce na kowace shekara ko kwata a gaba. Sakamakon wadannan ayyukan lissafin, za ku zo ga yanke hukuncin cewa ritaya da wuri za a yi ne a karkashin kasa da fansho masu gasa. Har zuwa ma'anar cewa zaku iya zuwa ga ƙarshe cewa a ƙarshe bai cancanci isa wannan matakin ba a cikin shekarun zinariya.
Ta wani bangaren kuma, yana da matukar mahimmanci cewa daga yanzu ka raba lissafin kudin fansho na gaba zuwa matakai hudu da zaka iya aiwatarwa. Kuma wannan yana nufin masu canji masu zuwa waɗanda muke nuna muku a ƙasa:
- Kimanin shekaru wanda zamu iya samun damar yin ritaya.
- Lissafi tushen tsari daga tushe na shekarun baya kafin ritaya.
- Aiwatar da gyara ya danganta da shekarun da aka lissafa.
- Aiwatar da dorewar factor (kamar na 2019).
Nawa za ka bari don yin ritaya?
Shakka babu cewa ƙimar fansho ta ƙayyade ne ta hanyar tsarin ƙa'ida kuma don lissafa shi ya zama dole ku ɗauki sansanonin taimako daga shekarun baya na gudummawar. Zai zama aiki mai sauqi tunda an nuna shi a cikin albashin da kamfanoni suka bayar. A kowane hali, kar a manta cewa ƙarin biyan kuɗi ba za a yi la'akari da su ba kuma a kowane yanayi ana sabuntawa tare da CPI na dukkan shekaru. Kodayake karuwar ta iyakantace tunda da wuya ta wuce shingen 3%.
Aƙarshe, akwai wani bayanin da ya dace sosai shine cewa yanayin ɗorewar zai iya amfani ne kawai ga waɗancan ma'aikatan da suka yi ritaya daga watan Janairun 2019. Wato, idan a halin yanzu kuna karɓar fansho na gudummawa, ba zai shafe ku da komai ba. Amma akasin haka zai zama na gaba. Zuwa ga cewa za a iya haifar da mahimmancin bambance-bambance tsakanin ɗayan ko sauran waɗanda suka yi ritayar.