Ofaya daga cikin bangarorin kasuwar hada-hadar hannun jari da ke iya fuskantar mummunan aiki a wannan aikin da muka fara yanzu shine wutar lantarki. Inda kamfanoni kamar Endesa, Gas Natural, Iberdrola, Red Eléctrica Española ko ma Enagás suke wakilta. Dukansu an haɗa su a cikin zaɓin zaɓi na ƙididdigar ƙasa, da Ibex 35. Tare da nauyin nauyi mai mahimmanci idan aka kwatanta da sauran ƙimomin wannan tushen tushen ɗayan mahimman musayar hannun jari a cikin yanayin Turai. Tare da babban adadin kwangila a kowace rana inda yawancin saye da sayarwa na hannun jari ke tsinkaya.
A cikin shekarar da ta gabata, bangaren wutar lantarki ya kasance ɗayan mafi kyawun aiki a zaɓin Mutanen Espanya. Tare da ƙimomin da aka yiwa farashi sama da lambobi biyu, kamar yadda yake a cikin takamaiman abubuwan Endesa, Gas Natural da Iberdrola. Tare da ƙari kuma wasu daga cikin kamfanonin da aka lissafa waɗanda suka rarraba mafi kyawun riba tsakanin masu hannun jarin su. Tare da samun riba ga wannan albashi sama da 5% ɗayan mafi girman Ibex 35. Kodayake don wannan shekarar zai ga ƙaramin canji a rarraba.
A kowane hali, kuma kamar yadda yawancin manazarta harkokin kuɗi suka nuna, farashin hannun jari a ɓangaren wutar lantarki yana da ɗan tsada bayan sake sakewa a cikin watanni goma sha biyu na ciniki. M a mafi yawan lokuta da juyi yuwuwa cewa sun gabatar har sai fewan da suka wuce. Zuwa ga cewa wasu daga cikinsu sun riga su sama da su, tare da farashin yanzu a kasuwannin daidaito. Tare da wannan yanayin, ba abin mamaki bane cewa kyakkyawan ɓangare na ƙanana da matsakaitan masu saka jari ba jarabtar su shiga matsayin su na yanzu ba.
Na lantarki: gyara a gani
Idan aka yi la'akari da sake darajar wannan rukunin kamfanonin, ya kusan tabbata cewa za su sami raguwa sosai a cikin farashin su daga yanzu. Inda za a iya sanya matsa lamba ta sayarwa tare da dan sauki a kan masu siye, kamar yadda ake nunawa a zangon ciniki na farko na wannan sabuwar shekarar. Kodayake yanzu mafi mahimmanci shine zai tabbatar da wane matakan zai iya runtse matsayinsu a cikin kasuwannin kuɗi. Bayan dabi'un wannan bangaren wutar lantarki suna cikin kowane hali a fili kuma mara kyau, an inganta musamman a shekarar kasuwanci da ta gabata.
A gefe guda, ba za a iya mantawa cewa kyakkyawan ɓangare na waɗannan amintattun kasuwancin suna kasuwanci tare da cikakken nauyin nauyi a farashin su. Wannan lamarin a aikace yana nufin daga yanzu ba su da wani zabi illa su sauka, sauka su ci gaba da tafiya. Sai dai idan akwai yanayi na kwarai sosai a cikin kasuwannin daidaito. Ba wai kawai a cikin kasuwannin ƙasa, amma kuma a cikin waɗanda ke zuwa daga kan iyakokinmu. Fiye da sauran la'akari na yanayin fasaha har ma daga mahangar asali.
Sauke cikin farashin niyya
Wani mahimmin abin da ke shafar waɗannan yankan ta ƙimar wutar lantarki shine babu shakka garambawul ɗin ƙasa wanda manyan wakilan kuɗaɗe ke samarwa. Wani abu wanda ba tare da wuri ba zai shafi waɗannan ƙimomin da muke ma'amala da su a cikin wannan labarin kuma wannan yana nufin mahimmancin bangaren wutar lantarki na daidaiton ƙasa. Saboda haka, hankali da taka tsantsan ya zama ɗayan abubuwan da ke ƙididdige ayyukan smallan ƙananan matsakaita. Wani abu da ke jan kasa da dokar samarwa da bukata na waɗannan kamfanonin bincika.
A gefe guda, wani bangare da ba makawa dole ne a tantance shi daga yanzu shi ne cewa hanyar da suke da ita gaba a wannan shekarar da muke ciki, idan ta wanzu, ta yi kadan. Har zuwa ma'anar cewa masu saka hannun jari a cikin jarin na Sifen sun sami asara fiye da biya. Duk da yake wani bangare, shi ne kuma abin lura gaskiya cewa
Dokar bangaren wutar lantarki
Tabbas, yana daga cikin hanyoyin bayanin da yakamata kuyi la'akari dasu daga wadannan lokuta masu dacewa shine cewa zartarwa ta kasa tana duba yiwuwar bada sabon tsari ga aikin wutar lantarki da nufin rage farashin na wannan fa'idar cikin gida. A kowane hali, manazarta harkokin kudi na fargabar cewa wannan matakin ba zai samu karbuwa ba daga jarin kamfanonin da ka iya daidaita farashin su kuma ta haka sai su rage daraja a wannan sabuwar shekarar kasuwancin. Musamman, idan aka ba da canjin doka wanda ake la'akari da sababbin masu canji wanda tabbas ba ya amfanuwa da waɗannan kamfanonin da aka lissafa.
A wannan ma'anar, hangen nesa ga kamfanonin wutar lantarki ba shi da kwarin gwiwa a cikin watanni masu zuwa. Tare da yiwuwar raguwa mai tsanani na iya zuwa ɓangaren kuma hakan na iya haifar da rarar hannun jarin su kusan 10% ko ma fiye da kimar su ta yanzu. Wannan yanayin, ba shakka, abin gani ne a cikin mafi kankanin lokaci. Wani abin daban shine abin da zai iya faruwa a matsakaici da dogon lokaci inda tsammanin ci gaban ya kasance mai karko, musamman a waɗancan kamfanoni a ɓangaren da ke da ƙananan bashi.
Suna matsayin ƙimar mafaka
Haka kuma bai kamata ku manta daga waɗannan lokacin ba cewa, azaman kyakkyawan fa'ida, wannan rukunin ɗabi'un a al'adance suna yin rawar dabi'un mafaka a wasu lokuta na babban rashin kwanciyar hankali a kasuwannin daidaito. Da kyau, idan wannan a zahiri shine yanayin da kasuwar hannun jari ta gabatar a cikin 2019, yana iya zama a ƙarshe ƙarshenta ba zai zama gaba ɗaya mara kyau ba, kamar yadda da yawa daga manazarta harkokin kuɗi suka nuna. Don wani dalili mai sauƙi kamar cewa waɗannan ƙimomin suna da kyakkyawan aiki fiye da sauran a cikin waɗannan lokutan raguwa a kasuwar hannun jari.
A cikin kwanakin ƙarshe na shekarar da ta gabata, zaku iya ganin yadda ya kasance da gaske cewa lokacin da jerin zaɓuka na kasuwar hannun jari ta Sipaniya suka faɗi, waɗannan ƙimar wutar lantarki sun tashi cikin kimar su kuma akasin haka. A cikin motsi gabaɗaya gwargwadon ƙarfin tsawan sama ko ƙasa. Ba abin mamaki bane, sun dan tafi kadan da na yanzu na abin da alamun ƙididdigar adalci suka yi alama. Sama da sauran ƙididdigar fasaha kuma wataƙila daga mahimmin ra'ayi. Kamar yadda ɗayan alamun sahihancin sa yake, waɗanda ƙanana da matsakaitan masu saka jari ke gane shi sosai.
Babban riba mai yawa
Wani halayyar abin da ake kira amintattun sassan wutar lantarki shi ne cewa suna ba da babban rabo ga masu hannun jarin su sama da wanda wasu bangarorin ke samarwa. Tare da sha'awa wanda ke juyawa a cokali mai yatsa cewa jeri daga 4% zuwa 7% wanda shine wanda kamfanin Endesa ke bayarwa a halin yanzu. Koyaya, wasu labarai marasa dadi ga ƙananan da matsakaitan masu saka hannun jari a wannan shekara shine cewa rarar za ta ragu sakamakon dabarun da kamfanoni ke amfani da su. Wannan mahimmin abin na iya karya gwiwar shigar da sabbin masu saka jari ga kamfanoni.
Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan misalai shine kamfanin Endesa, wanda ya sanar a fewan watannin baya cewa Za ku ware kashi 80% na ribar ku kawai ga wannan bashin mai hannun jari. Yaushe har zuwa yanzu ya kasance gabaɗaya, ma'ana, 100%. Babu shakka wannan na iya yin awo da kimar sa a wannan shekarar kuma ana iya hango cewa zai nuna wannan matakin zuwa mafi girma ko ƙarami kuma ya dogara da sauran masu canji da ke da ƙima ga kasuwannin kuɗi. A cikin irin wannan girman tare da wasu kamfanoni a cikin fannin kamar Red Eléctrica.
Kadan rarar kudi tun 2021
Endesa ta sanar da kame manufofin rabon ta ga kamfanin tun daga 2021 don karfafa manufofin bunkasar sa da amfani da damar da kamfanin ya bude. canzawar makamashi zuwa kamfanin. Kamfanin wutar lantarki ya ba da sanarwar a Milan game da rage biyan - wani bangare na ribar da yake rarrabawa tsakanin masu hannun jarin ta - daga 100% na yanzu zuwa 80% a 2021, kodayake zai rarraba duk ribar da ya samu a cikin shekaru biyu masu zuwa. da kuma jimillar miliyan 5.900 a cikin shekaru huɗu masu zuwa.
Ta wannan hanyar, babban kamfanin wutar lantarki na Sipaniya da yawan abokan ciniki zasu daidaita manufofin rarar ta ga bayanan kamfanonin kamanta Iberdrola ko Naturgy, tare da 'biya fitar' kusa da kashi 70% a cikin shekarar 2017. Hannayen jarin kamfanin suna kasuwanci tare da raguwar sama da 2% idan aka kwatanta da ranar Talata. "Dole ne in jaddada cewa manufofin rabon gado na Endesa na ci gaba da kasancewa daya daga cikin mafi jan hankali a bangaren," in ji shugabanta, José Bogas, a wata ganawa da manazarta.
Endesa na tsammanin ribar da take samu ya karu da kashi 7 cikin ɗari a kan matsakaicin shekara-shekara a cikin shekarun 2018-2021, ya zuwa Yuro miliyan 1.800 a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, bisa sabunta tsarin dabarun. Koyaya, don 2021 yana shirin yanke fa'idar da aka tsara don riba daga 100% zuwa 80%, bisa ga bayanin da aka aika zuwa Hukumar Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Kasa (CNMV). Kamfanin wutar lantarki ya ba da tabbacin sabuwar manufar a cikin babban goyan baya ga “sabon bayanin haɓakar kamfanin”.