Lokacin da muke magana akan sicav, ba muna fara batun samfurin saka jari bane. A yawancin shari'ar da aka alakanta da mutane da ita purchaarfin siyayya kuma wa ke amfani da wadannan kayan aikin jari yi amfani ajiyar ku fiye da yadda ya kamata kuma tare da jerin fa'idodi don bukatun ku. Saboda a zahiri, abin da ake kira sicav ba samfur ne ga kowane ɗan ƙasa ba, kamar yadda zaku gani daga yanzu. Saboda haka takaddama tare da waɗannan samfuran tunda ba sa jin daɗin karɓuwa fiye da kima tsakanin ƙanana da matsakaitan masu saka jari saboda halayensu na musamman.
Amma lokaci ya yi a gare ku don sanin menene sicav da gaske. Da kyau, yana da asali irin Nauyin Investungiyar Haɗin Kuɗi na ofungiya na ɗabi'a, wanda keɓaɓɓen maƙasudin sa shine tara kuɗi, kadarori ko haƙƙin jama'a don sarrafa su da saka su a cikin kaya, haƙƙoƙi, tsaro ko wasu kayan aiki, na kuɗi ko a'a. Ya yi daidai da gajerun kalmomin Vananan Kamfanonin Zuba Jari na Kamfanoni.
Koyaya, takaddama da waɗannan samfuran kuɗi suka gabatar daidai saboda harajin su. Ko don sanya shi da kyakkyawar fahimta saboda ƙarancin haraji. Zuwa ga cewa a lokuta da yawa, kyakkyawan ɓangare na masu amfani suna mamakin shin waɗannan samfuran saka hannun jari suna da gaskiya ko kuwa bi ka'idoji saka jari a Spain. Ba abin mamaki bane, SICAVs koyaushe suna haɗuwa da miliyoyin attajirai, entreprenean kasuwa da mutane masu ƙarfin ikon siyan gaba ɗaya.
Harajin sicav
Lokacin magana game da wannan samfurin kuɗi, haɗin haɗin ku na farko koyaushe daga mahangar haraji. Saboda a zahiri, ayyukan da aka gudanar suna biya 1% kawai a cikin Harajin Kamfanin. Wannan shi ne ɗayan manyan bambance-bambance dangane da waɗanda ƙanana da matsakaitan masu saka jari ke yi waɗanda, akasin haka, suna biyan haraji kan ribar babban birnin da aka samu. Ta hanyar kowane kayan aikin saka hannun jari: rabon gado, saye da siyar hannun jari a kasuwar jari ko wasu gabaɗaya. Tare da sanannen bambanci tsakanin abin da za'a biya tsakanin ɗaya ko wani tsarin saka hannun jari.
Daga wannan yanayin, yana da kyau koyaushe kuyi rijista da Kamfanoni Masu Zuba Jari Masu Zabe. Amma ba shakka, wannan yana da matukar wahala ga matsakaita masu amfani. Daga cikin wasu dalilai saboda suna da mawuyacin yanayi da ƙuntatawa. Don haka, sakamakon ƙarshe shine cewa baza ku iya yin kwangilar wannan rukunin samfuran da aka yi niyya don saka jari ba. A kowane hali, zai zama muku sauƙi ku san abin da bukatun cewa za ta ɗora maka a kan shiga cikin waɗannan kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗen shiga.
Bukatun wannan samfurin kuɗi
- Kamfani tare da waɗannan halaye dole ne ya bi jerin buƙatu, waɗanda sune masu zuwa:
- Dole ne a ƙirƙiri wannan rukunin kamfanoni taƙalla masu hannun jari guda dari wanda shine yake yanke hukunci a karshen cewa sivac ne.
- Kuna buƙatar gudummawa a cikin hanyar m babban birnin kasar farkon Yuro miliyan 2.4.
- Babban daki-daki mai mahimmanci don ƙudurin sa shine cewa dole ne Hukumar Kasuwa ta Kasa (CNMV).
- Za'a caje saka hannun jari ta hanyar wannan tsarin saka hannun jari na musamman tare da Harajin kamfani daga 1%.
- Kodayake bayan an gama ma'amala, to, za a sanya haraji azaman dawowa kan babban birni mai motsi tsakanin 21% da 27%. Wato, daidai yake da siye da siyar hannun jari a kasuwar hannayen jari da sauran samfuran kuɗi gaba ɗaya.
Amfanin sivac
Idan zaku shiga Kamfanin canza hannun jari na Variable a cikin fewan kwanaki masu zuwa, yakamata ku san duk fa'idar wannan aikin. Tabbas, sun fi yadda zaku iya tunanin tun daga farko kuma ba'a iyakantasu kawai ga ƙaramar haraji.
- Suna ba da haraji a cikin Spain wannan shine 1% maimakon 30% na Kudin Kamfanin na yau da kullun.
- Zai ba ka damar yin a cikakken ikon kula da saka hannun jari tunda a wannan ma'anar yana da kamanceceniya da kuɗin saka hannun jari na gargajiya.
- Wani fa'idarsa shine zaka iya janyewa kuma canza wasu kuɗi, ba tare da kowane irin kwamitocin ko wasu kashe kuɗaɗen sarrafawa ba.
- Babban sabon abu game da sauran tsarin gudanarwa shine cewa zaku kasance cikin matsayi zuwa kara ko rage jarinka.
Shin zaku iya saka hannun jari a cikin waɗannan kamfanonin?
Tambayar da zaku yiwa kanku a wannan lokacin shine idan zaku iya shiga don saka hannun jarin ku a cikin ɗayan waɗannan kamfanonin. Da kyau, idan gaskiyane gaskiya cewa saka hannun jari ne na babban rabo, bakada wannan ƙofar a rufe. Saboda an bude damar domin masu saka jari masu zaman kansu irinku suma su iya shiga cikin daya daga cikin wadannan kamfanonin. yaya? Da kyau, ta hanyar wata hanyar daban kamar siyan hannun jari na SICAV a cikin Kasuwar Hannun Jari (MAB).
Hanya ce a gare ku don zaɓar wannan sabon madadin a cikin saka hannun jari daga ɗan ƙaramin tsari ko idan kuna so tare manyan gazawa amma sakamakonka. Don baku ra'ayin yadda wannan saka hannun jari zai kasance, zai yi kama da yadda kuke yi da kudaden juna. Tare da kusan babu wani bambanci dangane da sakamakon saka hannun jari. Har ya zuwa cewa wasu manajoji suna tallatar da wasu kuɗaɗensu a ƙarƙashin waɗannan kasuwancin koyaushe. Tare da bukatar kawai ta jiran a samu adadin mahalarta dari.
Idan ba a sadu da wannan yanayin ba, ba za ku iya biyan hannun jari ba har sai rufe dukkan masu saka jari cewa waɗannan kuɗin saka hannun jari na musamman suna buƙata. Bayan wannan halayyar, an lissafa su kamar kowane asusu, gwargwadon jakar aikin da suka dogara da ita. Tare da kowane nau'in dukiyar kuɗi, daga waɗanda daga daidaito zuwa tsayayyen kudin shiga. Ba tare da mantawa a kowane lokaci madadin ko aƙalla abubuwan da ba na al'ada ba. A wannan ma'anar, babu wasu bambance-bambance masu gamsarwa game da ƙarin kuɗin saka hannun jari na yau da kullun. Kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin sifofin da zaku iya yin hayar na tsawon shekaru kuma wanda yanayin sa a bayyane yake akan hauhawa saboda yawan buƙatun sa.
Ba don masu hannu da shuni bane kawai
A al'ada, wannan samfurin kuɗin yana da alaƙa koyaushe da babban rabo. Abu ne sananne ga waɗannan mutane su saka hannun jarinsu da dukiyoyinsu a cikin kamfanonin da ake kira Variable Capital Investment Companies. Amma wannan yanayin ya canza sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Har zuwa cewa ku kanku kuna cikin matsayi a yanzu don aiki tare da wannan rukunin kayan aikin saka hannun jari. Ba a banza ba, kodayake yawancin mutanen da ke da ikon mallakar mafi girma a cikin duniya ke sarrafa su da kyau, wasu suna so Torrenova ko Bellver Yana aiki kusan asusun saka hannun jari. Duk a cikin mai kyau da mara kyau. Zuwa lokacin daidaitawa azaman wasu shahararrun samfuran da zaku iya samu a Spain daga yanzu.
Koyaya, akwai wasu ƙananan bambance-bambance waɗanda yakamata kuyi la'akari dasu game da tsarin gudanarwar su. A gefe guda, a cikin sicav masu saka jari an tsara su azaman masu hannun jari na kamfanin kanta. Sakamakon wannan adadi na doka, suna da 'yancin kada kuri'a a cikin tarurruka kuma saboda haka ikon yanke shawara mai dacewa. Wani abu da ba zai faru ba idan kuna biyan kuɗin da suka dace da waɗannan halayen. A gefe guda, a cikin kuɗi kwatankwacin Variable Capital Investment Companies, hanyar shigowar ta bambanta. Wato, kun tsara tsarawa lokacin da zaku iya, ba lokacin da kuke so ba.
Bayanan haɗarin waɗannan tsarukan
Companananan Kamfanonin Zuba Jari na Kamfanoni na iya adana bayanan martaba mai haɗari dangane da ƙididdigar fayil ɗin su. Mafi mahimmanci saboda zai dogara ne da fitowar ku ga kasuwannin daidaito. Tare da fasalin sassauƙa wanda zai iya ido tsakanin 35% da 80% na jakar saka jari. Don kwantar da wannan tasirin, ana iya rage girman wannan ɓangaren fayil ɗin ta hanyar fifikon yawan kuɗin shiga. Tare da rabo wanda zai iya kaiwa zuwa 80% na ɗaukar hoto. Ta wannan hanyar, haɗarin zai zama mafi ɓarna fiye da misalin da ya gabata.
Sicavs na iya dacewa da bayanin kowane mai saka jari. Babu wani samfurin da ba za a iya canzawa ba dangane da ainihin bukatun da waɗannan mutane suke da shi. Ina nufin, kuna da da yawa model zabi daga ta yadda zaka iya amfani da dukiyarka da dukiyar ka yadda ya kamata. A wannan ma'anar, daidai yake da wani asusun saka hannun jari ko wasu samfuran kuɗi. Ba abin mamaki bane, ɗayan manyan bambance-bambance tsakanin tsarin gudanarwar duka ya ta'allaka ne akan yanayin harajin su.
A gefe guda, Vananan Kamfanonin Zuba Jari na kamfanoni na iya kula da wasu samfuran saka hannun jari daban-daban. Misali, alaƙar da ke da nasaba da hauhawar farashi, samar da ƙayyadaddun kuɗaɗen shiga a cikin kowane irin kuɗaɗe, har ma a wasu lokuta a cikin dukiyar kuɗin da ba na kowa ba kamar rance ko ma abin da ake kira yawan amfanin ƙasa. A takaice, kuna da wasu hanyoyin madadin don saka ajiyar ku a cikin waɗannan nau'ikan samfuran kuɗi. Tare da sassauci mafi girma a cikin gudanarwar ku ta yau da kullun.