A cikin menene harajin kai tsaye, ɗayan shahararrun shine wanda ake kira akan rajista, tsakanin sauran dalilai saboda yana shafar dukkan masu motoci a ƙasarmu. Kusan kuɗi ne da ake amfani da shi don yin rajista na farko na motoci, sabo ko amfani, idan dai suna sanye take da mota don motsa shi don aiki. Ana la'akari da shi haraji kai tsaye saboda ba a jagorantar ta kwata-kwata masu amfani. Idan ba akasin haka ba, ga waɗanda suka mallaki motar waɗannan halaye.
Ala kulli halin, ta sami dacewa ta musamman a cikin watannin da suka gabata zuwa ga gaskiyar cewa gwamnati mai ci yanzu ta yanke shawarar ƙara adadin ta, wanda kuma da shi za a biya ƙarin kuɗi daga shekara mai zuwa. Haraji ne wanda ke ba da kai tsaye kai tsaye ga wanda ya mallaki mota, tunda an fahimci mota a matsayin kowace motar da ke motsawa ta motsawa, komai irin samfurin ta da abubuwan da ta kebanta da su. A wannan ma'anar, dole ne a tuna shi harajin rajista ba ya aiki har shekaru goma.
Wani daga cikin mahimman abubuwan wannan haraji na musamman shine cewa ana iya haɗa shi da wasu ƙimar a daidai lokacin rijistar. Misali, a takamaiman lamarin VAT Sabili da haka, yana karɓar iko mafi girma fiye da sauran haraji, kodayake ba tare da shafar duk masu amfani ba, saboda yana da ma'ana don hangowa. A halin yanzu, a cikin Spain akwai adadin motoci 30.366.603 wanda 22.787.719 motocin fasinja ne, 2.747.177 SUVs, 2.383.049 na yawon shakatawa, 1.741.604 motoci sauran kuma manyan motoci ne na nau'uka daban-daban, bas da kocina. Suna da hankali, a kowane hali, don biyan wannan kuɗin kai tsaye.
Harajin rajista
Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan farko da za a sani game da wannan harajin da ba a so shi ne cewa koyaushe ba iri ɗaya bane. Saboda a zahiri, adadin harajin rajista zai dogara ne akan abin hawa sabo ne ko akasin haka na biyu. Hakanan na wasu mahimman abubuwa masu mahimmanci kamar halaye da andan mulkin kai inda aka sa shi. Saboda adadinsa ba zai zama daya a cikin Kasar Basque kamar yadda yake a Tsibirin Balearic ba, don kawo misali daya kawai. Ba abin mamaki bane, wadannan hukumomin hukuma suna da alhakin gudanar da wadannan ayyukan tun shekarar 2008. Saboda wannan, akwai manyan bambance-bambance daga wata al'umma mai cin gashin kanta zuwa wata kuma hakan na iya kai ka zuwa wani don yin rijistar wannan matsakaiciyar.
A gefe guda, ba za a manta da cewa rajistar abin hawa a cikin Sifen kawai ba dole ne a yi sau ɗaya kowace motar. Kodayake yana iya bambanta a cikin mallakarsa, kamar yadda yake faruwa a mafi yawan lokuta. Wannan wani abu ne wanda ya zama dole ku bayyana sarai a wannan lokacin don ƙididdige ainihin ma'anar wannan harajin da aka tsara don direbobi. Game da sashen motar fasinja, akwai kusan motoci miliyan 15 da suka fi shekaru 10, wanda ke wakiltar tsakanin 60% da 70% na kayan motar a Spain. Yayin da akasin haka akwai motoci kasa da miliyan takwas da aka yiwa rajista a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.
Harajin kore
Koyaya, akwai wani haraji wanda yake da alaƙa da ta rijista kuma babban burin ta shine kiyaye muhalli baki ɗaya. Ba abin mamaki bane, kuɗin rajista ne wanda mafi mahimmancin dalilinsa ya dogara da daidaita fitar da hayaki CO2 a cikin motoci a cikin Sifen. Har zuwa cewa tana biyan harajin duk waɗancan samfuran ko motocin da suka fi ƙazantar da lalacewa kuma waɗanda masu su ba za su sami zaɓi ba sai dai su biya ƙarin kuɗi a cikin irin wannan harajin na ƙasa. Fiye da sauran ƙididdigar fasaha kuma hakan yana da alaƙa da ajin tuki.
Halin da ya dace sosai da abin da ake kira ƙimar kore shi ne cewa ya fara aiki tun 2008 kuma asali yana shafar iyakantattun samfuran da samfuran. A wannan ma'anar, ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba cewa wannan harajin yana tunanin canji a cikin ƙa'idodin biyan bashin ƙarfin silinda don watsi da gurɓatattun gas. Don ku gansu a bayyane, zai sami iyakar gram 120 na CO2 a kowace kilomita. A kowane hali, batun hukunce-hukuncen tuki ne waɗanda suka fi ƙazanta kuma, akasin haka, cewa mafi kyawun ƙirar muhalli suna da wani lada a lokacin tsara wajibcin harajin su.
Yaya ake sarrafa shi?
A kowane hali, zai zama dole yadda aka tsara wannan haraji a Spain cewa masu motocin waɗannan halaye dole su ɗauka. Da kyau, zaku biya shi sau ɗaya kawai ba sau da yawa kuma akai-akai kamar yadda yake faruwa tare da haraji kai tsaye. Harajin rajista ya kamata a aiwatar dashi kawai a daidai lokacin rijista da rijistar abin hawa a cikin Spain. Sabili da haka, sau ɗaya kawai yake faruwa kuma tabbas ba za ku sabunta kuɗin ku ba.
A wata hanyar, yana da matukar mahimmanci a san cewa wannan adadin ya hada da siyan motocin zuwa kasashen waje. Idan wannan lamarinku ne, ba za ku sami wata mafita ba face ku halatta motar a cikin Sifen, ku biya harajin rajista sai dai idan motocin masu ƙananan kazanta ne, waɗanda ba su da biyan kuɗi. A gefe guda, wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin fannonin da dole ne kuyi la'akari da lokacin biyan wannan ƙimar ta musamman: motoci masu ƙazantar da ƙasa. Ba a banza ba, za a basu ladan biyan wannan harajin.
Nawa kuke biya a cikin kuɗin?
Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da suka dace da harajin rajista shine abin da zaku biya motarku. Da kyau, a wannan ma'anar, zaku sami ratsi huɗu waɗanda zasu dogara ne akan abin da ya gurɓata kuma inda mafi yawan motoci suka fi yawa. Girmama muhalli. Wani abu wanda duk gwamnatocin Tarayyar Turai ke caca akan dabarun da aka fayyace sosai daga jagororin sa gaba ɗaya. Inda waɗanda suke ƙazantar da ƙasa da gram 120 na CO2 a kowace kilomita, za a keɓance daga harajin rajista. Ba wai kawai a cikin ƙasarmu ba, amma a cikin abokan tarayyarmu ta EU, ba tare da togiya ba.
Bangarorin gurbata muhalli
Koyaya, don ku sami haske karara inda aka haɗa motarku, zai zama sananne wane tebur ne ake sarrafa waɗannan ƙa'idodin. Kuma waɗanne ne waɗanda muke fallasa a ƙasa daki-daki.
- 0%: motocin da hayaki mai ƙaranci ƙasa da ko daidai da 120g / km na CO2
- 4,75%: motocin da hayaki mai yawa ya fi 120 kuma ƙasa da 160 g / km na CO2
- 9,75%: motocin da hayaki mai yawa ya fi girma ko daidaita da 160 kuma ƙasa da 200 g / km CO2
- 14,75%: motocin da hayakin hayaki ya fi girma ko kuma daidaita da gram 200 a kowane kilomita na CO2.
Koyaya, akan tushen harajin abin hawa naku za'a yi amfani da daidaitaccen gyara wanda zai haɗu zuwa ga tsufa sannan kashi wanda ake amfani dashi gwargwadon hayakin wannan hanyar safarar ta sirri. Sakamakon waɗannan ayyukan, zaku sami adadin ƙarshe na harajin rajista. Inda za a sauƙaƙa aikinku, wasu rukunin yanar gizo suna da shirye-shirye masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke yin waɗannan ƙididdigar waɗanda zasu iya zama ɗan rikitarwa ga ƙarancin masu amfani da irin wannan ayyukan.
Wanene kebe daga biyan ku?
A gefe guda, akwai mutane da yawa waɗanda zasu iya kawar da wannan biyan harajin. Misali, mutanen da ke da ɗan nakasa ko waɗanda suke cikin babban iyali. Ya kamata a tuna cewa waɗannan sune waɗanda ke da yara huɗu ko fiye a cikin dangin su. Amma sauran bangarorin zamantakewar jama'a na iya fa'idantar da wannan yanayin, kamar waɗanda aka jera a ƙasa:
- Direbobin da suke da mota kuma suna ba da cewa sun wuce kasa shekaru hudu daga shiga na wani abin hawa cikin yanayin daidai.
- Cewa ba a aiwatar da aikin ba a cikin watsawa wanda ya biyo bayan tsawon shekaru huɗu masu zuwa ranar rajista.
A cikin abubuwan da aka ambata a baya, masu cin gajiyar ba za su biya wannan kudin ba. Kamar yadda yake a cikin yawancin kasuwancin da suka shafi tuƙi, kamar taksi, motocin tuƙi, ko motocin haya.
Jimlar kuɗin kuɗin ku
Dangane da abin da wannan nauyin harajin zai iya biyan ku, za a haɗa shi a cikin kewayon da ke zuwa daga 21% zuwa 35%, gwargwadon kowace harka da kuma autan tawayen da kuke yin rajistar abin hawa. Tare da kyakkyawan yanayin da koyaushe ake haɗuwa da shi a kowane yanayi: inda mafi girman amfani da mai ɗin motar, ƙimar rijistar da zaku biya.
A dabarun inganta tanadi za a dogara ne akan ficewa don injuna na diesel, matasan da lantarki. Za ku ga cewa wannan tsarin na iya da ƙimar gaske ta mahangar haraji. Tare da kyakkyawan yanayin da aka saba koyaushe a kowane yanayi.