Bayarwa

Kashewa shine akasin abin da hauhawar farashi zai kasance. Wannan labarin zaiyi ƙoƙari don bayyana abin da yake game da shi, me yasa ya wanzu, fa'idodi da rashin fa'ida. Akasin ma'anarta wacce muka fi sani, hauhawar farashi. Idan hauhawar farashi ya zama babban tashin farashin, deflation shine babban ƙimar farashin. Koyaya, me yasa wani lokaci wani lokaci yake faruwa, wani lokaci kuma, kuma me yasa yake zama misali a yanzu?

Shin akwai hanyar da za a samu wani fa'ida daga gare ta? Gaskiyar ita ce tana faruwa a wasu takamaiman lokuta, ba lamari ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari ba kuma ba kasafai yake samun ci gaba ba Maganar tattalin arziki. Yawanci yakan zo ne lokacin da wadata ta wuce buƙata, ma'ana, lokacin amfani yana mutuwa. Wannan yawan samar da kayayyaki ko samfuran yana tare da faduwar farashin gabaɗaya, kuma a nan ne aka fara ragi, musamman idan wannan faɗuwar ta auku a sassa daban-daban.

Menene kariya?

Sanannen sanannen sanannun sanannen kumbura ne. Yawancin lokaci yana da sharaɗi ta wadataccen wadata cewa "tilasta" don kawo karshen ƙare farashin kayayyakin da za'a iya saya. Oversarin wadatar wannan na iya zama sharaɗi ta rashin iya mallakar kayan mutane, ko kuma rashin ƙwarin gwiwa da / ko kwarin gwiwa don siyan su. Yawanci ana danganta shi da rikice-rikicen tattalin arziki, kuma misalai masu kyau na wannan zai zama Babban Tashin Hankalin da ya dawwama a lokacin shekarun 1930 ko Rikicin Kuɗi na 2008. A cikin waɗannan lamuran, kamfanoni, suna son kawar da abin da suke samarwa ba tara tara ajiya ba, suna da hanya ce ta kawo karshen saukar da farashi mai rahusa ta yadda ribar da suke samu ya ragu.

Illolin da ke kan al'umma galibi suna shafar batutuwa kamar rarraba dukiya da rashin daidaito tsakanin jama'a. Wannan sabon abu yawanci yana zuwa ne daga gaskiyar cewa masu karɓar bashi suna fa'idantar da waɗanda suka ci bashi, waɗanda dole ne su ci gaba da biyan abubuwan da ke kansu.

Sanadin, kamar yadda muka gani, yawanci guda biyu ne, wuce gona da iri a cikin wadata ko rashin buƙata. Yana da fa'idodi kaɗan, da ƙananan fa'idodi, waɗanda za mu gani a ƙasa.

Abũbuwan amfãni

Masana tattalin arziki na makarantar Austriya suna jayayya cewa lalatawa yana da sakamako mai kyau. Iyakar fa'idar da za'a samu a yanzu shine yayin da farashin ke faɗuwa, ƙarfin sayayya na masu siye zai ƙaru, musamman na waɗanda suke da tanadi. Koyaya, wannan tunani na bambancin ra'ayi yana ɗauka cewa ɓatarwa na haifar da matsala ga tattalin arziƙi a cikin gajeren lokaci.

disadvantages

Taɓowa ya ƙunshi jerin abubuwa masu yawa na tasirin tattalin arziƙi wanda za mu gani a ƙasa. Koyaya, bayan duk gaskiyar da abubuwan da suka haifar da hakan, haɗarin taɓarɓarewa yana cikin sauƙin faɗawa cikin mawuyacin yanayi da kuma yadda yake da wahalar fita daga ciki.

• Ayyukan tattalin arziki ya ragu.
• Buƙata ta ragu, ko dai saboda wadatar wadata ko ƙarfin sayayya. Productsarin samfuran da ba za su buƙaci lafiya ba.
• Rage cikin ribar riba a cikin kamfanoni.
• Yana tasiri kan rashin aikin yi idan ya ƙaru da ƙaruwa.
• Rashin tabbas na tattalin arziki ya kai matuka.
• Irƙiri ƙaruwa cikin ainihin ƙimar riba.

Kuna iya ganin yadda yake da wahalar dakatar da wannan mawuyacin halin. Idan buƙata ta ragu, kuma ƙasƙancin ya faɗi, rashin aikin yi ya ƙaru. Hakanan, idan rashin aikin yi ya tashi, buƙata na iya kuma tabbas za ta ci gaba da faɗuwa.

Misalan ɓata lokaci cikin tarihi

Mun ga yadda kare kai ya faɗi bayan matsaloli masu wuya da aka fuskanta a cikin shekarun 1930 da rikicin kuɗi a cikin 2008. Duk da haka, kuma ko da yake ya kasance wani lamari ne mai ban mamaki da baƙon abu a cikin karnin da ya gabata za mu iya samun misalan ƙasashen da suka wahala daga gare ta.

'Jafananci' na tattalin arziki wani lokaci ana magana dashi don bayanin yadda ECB tayi game da ƙarancin riba ta hanyar kwaikwayon halin Babban Bankin Japan. Wannan lokacin tsayawa a cikin ƙarancin riba ya kasance tare da taɓarɓarewa wanda ya fara a cikin 90s kuma har yanzu yana yau. Faduwar farashin ya riga ya zama -25%.

Tare da rikice-rikicen da ke faruwa a yanzu, abin kallo na ƙarewa yana ƙara ƙarfi sosai kuma shine cewa an riga an tsoratar da bayyanarsa a da. A cikin fewan shekarun da suka gabata, ƙasashen da suka ci gaba suna ta rage ƙimar ribarsu, kuma mun sami damar ganin shaidu tare da ƙimar ragi sosai da ƙari, ƙa'idar yau da kullun da ba za a taɓa tsammani ba. Misali, shekara guda kafin wannan mummunan rikicin na lafiya ya fara, a watan Fabrairun 2019, gabaɗaya ƙasashe 37 da suka ci gaba sun riga sun rage ƙimar ribarsu. Kashewa hatsari ne na gaske wanda yake da wahalar warwarewa kuma dalilin hana shi yana da ƙarfi sosai.

Sakamakon tattalin arzikin Spain

Ba da kariya a cikin batun Spain yana da mawuyacin sakamako mara kyau. A zahiri, don wannan watan na Yuli, CPI ya kasance -0% don haka yawan adadin zai kasance a -0%, amma Agusta ya kasance tare da haɓakar 0% don sanya ƙimar hulɗa a -1%. Waɗanne sakamako ƙetarewa ke da shi ga tattalin arzikin Sifen? Fadada farashin mai dorewa da yaɗuwa na iya ba da ikon sayayya mafi girma ga masu amfani. Koyaya, an rage ragowar riba ga kamfanoni.

Idan aka kiyaye farashin ma'aikata kuma rashin aikin yi ya yi yawa, kamar yadda ake yi a Spain, abubuwan fashewar hadaddiyar giyar suna da matukar hatsari, tunda abubuwa ne guda biyu da suke ciyar da junan su. A gefe guda, ana tilasta kamfanoni su rage ribar da suke samu don ci gaba da gasa. Wannan yana hana su cimma fa'idodin kasuwancin da ake buƙata, tare da samun kuɗin shiga don saka hannun jari. Wannan na iya haifar da daskarewa ko rage albashin ma'aikata, karin nutsar da amfani saboda rashin ruwa. Idan aka kara rashin tanadi a kowane gida ga wannan, akwai yuwuwar cewa tsananin kwangilar shan kayan cikin cikin kasar zai iya tsananta. Tare da faɗuwa cikin fitarwa da ƙaruwar bashin jama'a a yayin rikicin, tashin hankali na iya samun shekarun bonanza a gaba.