Keɓaɓɓen adadin kuɗi

Manan kasuwar da ke aiki a ofis

La Keɓaɓɓun adadin kuɗi shine ciwon kai ga mutane da yawa: fahimtar shi, karɓar shi, biya shi da haɗe shi, kuma akwai nau'ikan bambance-bambance, yanayi, tallafi har ma da almara na birni game da shi.

Zamuyi kokarin fada muku komai game da kudin kai tsaye da shahararriya mai kyau 'farashi' na euro hamsin.

Lokacin da kuka fara, ko kowane, don yin aiki da kanku, dole ne ku 'zama mai cin gashin kansa' don ku sami damar yin aiki a cikin tsarin doka na Spain, ku sami wasu fa'idodi da wajibai tare da shi.

Babban shine rajista a cikin Tsarin Na Musamman don Ma'aikata Masu Aikin Kai (RETA), wanda ya shafi biyan kuɗin wata wanda muka sani a matsayin 'kuɗin kuɗin kai' wanda ya bambanta kowace shekara.

An biya wannan kuɗin daga ranar farko ta fara kasuwancinku ko aiki azaman mai kyauta. Kuna iya aiki kamar mai cin gashin kansa ko mai zaman kansa. Anan zamuyi magana game da masu zaman kansu.

Dole ne mai cin gashin kansa ya biya wannan kudin ga Babban Taskar Tsaro na Jama'a, yana nuna lambar asusun, tare da IBAN a cikin baitul din da aka fada, yana mai tuna cewa wannan kudin ko kudin wata ba shi kadai ne mai aikin kansa zai bi ba tare da.

La keɓaɓɓen adadin kuɗi Ba komai bane face kaso da aka lissafa bisa gudummawa, ko kuma a ce albashin, wanda ma'aikacin yayi kiyasin samun kowane wata, yana da mafi karancin kuma mafi karancin tushe na gudummawa da Gwamnatin Spain ta kafa.

Wannan tushe na quote zai zama tushen (yi haƙuri don sakewa) don lissafin fa'idodin rashin aikin yi, ya fita saboda haɗari ko rashin lafiya, kuma, sama da duka, don lissafin ritaya, kamar yadda za mu gani a gaba.

Mafi ƙarancin tushe a cikin 2016 shine 893,10 267,04 a kowane wata, wanda ya kai kuɗin wata na € 3.642, kuma mafi yawa shine XNUMX XNUMX a wata.

Ya kamata ku sani cewa kashi 85% na rijista na kashin kai a karkashin mafi karancin gudummawa, ko dai saboda kudin shigar su bai isa ba, saboda rashin tabbas ko kuma kawai saboda sun yi biris, son rai ko a'a, illar zabar tushe a matsakaiciya da dogon lokaci nan gaba.

Nau'in kudaden aikin kai tsaye

Kafin ci gaba, ya kamata ka bayyana a sarari cewa babu wani kaso guda na masu cin gashin kansu, tunda ya danganta da shekaru, fannin aiki, hasken wata, da sauransu. Jiha ta kafa takunkumi daban-daban:

• M da ayyuka da yawa

A farkon watanni 18 na farashi, farashin shine 133,52 200,28 kowace wata, sannan € XNUMX kowace wata.

• Masu zaman kansu tare da ma'aikata 10

Idan a cikin kamfanin ku kuna da ko kuna da ma'aikata 10 a cikin kamfanin ku, kuɗin is 1,063.33 ne a kowane wata. Idan kawai kuna ba da gudummawa don ƙananan yanayi, farashin kowane wata € 319,14.

• Mai zaman kansa a ƙarƙashin shekaru 47

Akwai sharuɗɗa da yawa ga masu zaman kansu waɗanda shekarunsu suka kai 47 ko ƙarami, waɗannan sune:

1. Idan gudummawar ku a shekarar 2015 tayi daidai ko sama da 1.945,80, ko kuma idan kun yi rajista ne kawai don tsarin mulkin kai, za ku iya zaɓar adadin tsakanin mafi ƙarancin tushe da matsakaicin da Gwamnati ta ba da izini a cikin shekarar da muke ciki.
2. Idan gudummawarku ta kasance 1.945,80 ko ƙasa da haka, ba za ku iya zaɓar tushe sama da € 1.964,70 a kowane wata ba, sai dai idan kun bayyana shi kafin 30 ga Yuni na wannan shekara, ko kuma kun kasance mata da miji (shi ne ke karɓar kasuwancin abokin tarayya bayan karshen ya wuce)

• Dogaro da kai shekaru 48 ko sama da haka

Masu zaman kansu masu shekaru 48 zuwa sama dole ne su zaɓi mafi ƙarancin 963,30 1.964,70 da matsakaicin € 288,03 a kowane wata a matsayin tushen taimako, don haka kuɗin ku na kai tsaye kowane wata zai kasance aƙalla Euro XNUMX.

Idan ka kai shekara 50 ko sama da haka, dole ne ka kafa tushen ba da gudummawarka ta yau da kullun gwargwadon aikinka a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.

Gabaɗaya, waɗannan nau'ikan gwamnatocin masu cin gashin kansu ne waɗanda ke wanzu a Spain, kodayake akwai da yawa bisa ga kowane aiki, shekaru da martabar mutumin da ya yi rajista a matsayin mai aikin kansa, don haka dole ne ku yi hankali ku tafi zuwa ga gwani don jagorantarka a wannan batun.

Yadda ake kirga kudin aikin kai tsaye

Kun riga kun san mafi mahimmanci: akwai kuɗi daban-daban na kyauta kuma dole ne ku fara biya daga ranar farko ta fara kasuwancinku, kuma wannan, kamar yadda muka gani a baya, akwai kuɗi daban, dangane da sana'ar , shekaru da sauransu. dalilai, zaku sami a Tushen zance wanda ya kamata ku zaɓiKo kun yarda ko ba ku yarda da adadin ba, kun sani, Gwamnati na aikawa, alal misali, wannan 2016 an ƙara ta da 1% idan aka kwatanta da 2015, kuma ana sa ran ƙarin ƙaruwa a cikin 2017.

Baya ga duk wannan, ya kamata ku sani cewa akwai kuma abubuwan rufe baki, kamar kowace manufar inshora: gwargwadon abin da aka zaɓa, za ka biya ƙari ko ƙasa.

Waɗannan su ne abubuwan da za ka iya zaba don pkariya a cikin tsarin mulkin kai:

1. Abubuwan da ke faruwa gama gari: Yana wakiltar kashi 29,90%, kuma yana rufe abubuwan da ke faruwa tare da shayarwa da juna biyu.
2. Damuwa saboda dakatar da aiki: Yana wakiltar 31,5% na tushen gudummawar yau da kullun da kuka kafa.
3. Rashin kwanciyar hankali saboda haɗarin aiki: Yana wakiltar 29,3% tare da kashi bisa ga reshen ayyuka bisa ga CNAE.
4. Yanayin haɗari na haɗari a wurin aiki da dakatar da aiki: Yana da kashi 31,5% cikin ɗari da kashi na rukunin ayyukan, a cewar CNAE.

Idan kun zaɓi mafi ƙarancin tushe na kowane wata, waɗannan zasu zama asididdiga bisa ga kowane yanayi da aka ambata:

• Abubuwan da ke faruwa a yau: € 893,10 x 29,90% = € 267,04 kowace wata
• Tare da dakatar da aiki: € 893,10 x 31,6% = € 282,22 kowace wata
• Tingididdiga ta aiki: € 893.10 x 29,3% +% CNAE = € 268,72 - € 325,53
• Tare da haɗarin aiki da dakatarwa saboda aiki: € 893,10 x 31,5% +% ƙimar CNAE = € 289,36 - € 345,18

Shin dole ne ku biya kuɗin ku na kyauta idan ba ku kai ga SMI ba?

Yanzu muna so mu nuna muku matsala a cikin Spainasar Spain ta kwanan nan: yin rijista ko rashin yin rijista azaman aikin kai lokacin da kuɗin shiga ya yi kadan.

Bari muyi tunanin cewa kuna samar da kuɗin shiga na kowane wata na monthly 300 a cikin ayyukanku, walau mai zane-zane ne, mai ginin bulo, masanin gini ko malami. Kudin kewayawa zai bar ka kusan sifili, Ba tare da ambaton sauran harajin da masu zaman kansu zasu fuskanta ba.

Kuma abin da yake shine mutane da yawa suna da wannan matsalar fiye da yadda kuke tsammani, kuma hakan ba zai sa su shiga rajistar tsarin mulkin kai ba, don haka ya zama wani ɓangare na tattalin arzikin ƙasa wanda ke haifar da rami a cikin kasafin kuɗaɗen kasafin kuɗi a kowace shekara, mai daraja a cikin biliyoyin euro.

Menene matsalar? Bambancin doka a cikin lamarin: Doka ba ta faɗi abin da za a yi da mutanen da suke samun kuɗi kaɗan ba mafi karancin Albashin Ma’aikata.

Idan wannan lamarin ku ne, kuma kun tuntubi Ma’aikatar Kudi, za su gaya muku ku yi rajista tare da Baitulmali, don ma’aikatar ta kula da kudaden shigar ku, don kar ku rike ‘bakaken kudi’. Za su gaya maka ka yi rajista tare da tsari na 036 ko 037, don haka za ka iya ba da takaddun ga abokan cinikinka.

Idan ka je tsaro na zamantakewa, za su gaya maka cewa dole ne ka yi rijista a matsayin mutum mai aikin kansa ee ko a'a, ba tare da la'akari da ko ka sami euro goma ko dubu biyu a kowane wata ba. Dole ne ku bi su, abin da za su gaya muku kenan.

Yawancin ma'aikata masu zaman kansu sun zaɓi, sabili da haka, don yin rajista tare da ƙasa, don ayyana doka ta samun kuɗin shiga, ba tare da yin rijista tare da tsaro na zamantakewar jama'a ba, tare da haɗarin cewa, a cikin ƙetare bayanai, na ƙarshen, wanda ke da matukar kulawa da tsaurarawa kai tarar neman kuɗin da baka biya ba, da ƙarin kari na 20% na wannan adadin.

Kodayake akwai shari'a a cikin waɗannan shari'o'in tun daga 2007, wato, yawancin masu zaman kansu sun karɓi wannan takunkumin, kuma Kotun Supremeoli ta soke su lokacin da ta fahimci cewa, idan ba a kai ga mafi ƙarancin gudummawar taimako da / ko mafi ƙarancin albashin masu sana'a ba, a can ba shine alhakin biyan kuɗin aikin kai tsaye ba.

Kodayake bai kamata ku, ko ku ko waninku, ku yi kasada ba, ya fi kyau ku nemi shawara kuma ku guji biyan tara, kuma duk da cewa kuna iya ɗaukaka ƙara, duk takaddun da aiwatarwar ba mai daɗi ba ne.

Yi amfani da farashi mai sauƙi a cikin kuɗin kai tsaye

Ko matsalar ku ko a'a, ya kamata ku sani cewa Gwamnatin Spain ta amince da farashi mai sauki na kudin aikin kai tun daga 2013, ta rage shi zuwa € 50 a kowane wata maimakon cikakken kudaden da muka gani. Da farko ya kasance ga waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekaru 30, amma a cikin 2015 sun bar shi ga kowa.

Ya kunshi rage kaso zuwa mafi karanci kuma a hankali ya kai ga cikakken biyan kudin, domin yakar tattalin arzikin karkashin kasa da bunkasa aikin yi na kai.

Wannan shine yadda zaku biya kuɗin kuɗin kai tsaye tare da farashi mai faɗi:

1. € 50 a kowane wata na farkon watanni shida
2. € 133 a kowane wata daga na bakwai zuwa watan goma sha biyu
3. € 187 a kowane wata daga watan 13 zuwa 18

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don samun damar wannan ƙimar kuɗi:

1. Rashin sanya hannu cikin tsarin mulkin kai a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata
2. Ba kasancewa mai kula da kamfanin kasuwanci ba
3. Ba a karɓi wani kyaututtukan tsaro na zamantakewar al'umma ba, ba, ba tare da lokaci ba
4. Ba kasancewa mai haɗin kai ba