Zonke izimpawu zenkambo entsha yemakethe yamasheya ka-2019 azikhuthazi neze futhi zikhombisa okungenani ukuthi ukungazinzi kuzoba khona ezimakethe zezimali, ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane. Ngaphandle kokuthi umnyango wokuhlaziya i-Bankinter uveza ukuthi kulo nyaka omusha ukwehla kwemakethe yamasheya kuzoncipha kanti izibikezelo zabo ngomqondo wokuthi kuzokwanda inzuzo ezungeze u-5% njengoba bekholelwa ukuthi inkomba ekhethiwe yezimali zaseSpain, i-Ibex 35, izofinyelela amaphuzu angu-9.200 XNUMX ngasekupheleni konyaka.
Endaweni ejwayelekile lapho kungashodi khona abahlaziyi bezezimali abanombono wokuthi izimakethe zamasheya zikhona njengamanje bajeziswe ngokweqile futhi akunakuphikwa ukuthi kuzoba khona ukuphindeka ekulinganisweni kwale makethe yezimali ebalulekile. Ngaphandle kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe futhi mhlawumbe ngisho nasendaweni yokubuka izisekelo zayo. Kunoma ikuphi, ngeke kube khona okunye abangakwenza ngaphandle kokuqapha kakhulu emisebenzini okumele yenziwe kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Ngeke ukhohlwe ukuthi futhi ekupheleni konyaka wezi-2017 ongoti bemakethe yamasheya beza ukubikezela ukuthi unyaka omusha uzoba mnandi kakhulu ezikhundleni ezimakethe zezimali. Futhi kuvela ukuthi ekugcineni kube ngomunye weminyaka emibi kakhulu kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngokwehla kwe-Ibex 35 obekumazinga asondele kakhulu ngo-15%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, bahlulekile kakhulu ezibikezelweni zabo zokutshalwa kwezimali futhi kuholela abatshalizimali ukuthi bazibuze ukuthi ngabe okufanayo akunakwenzeka ngalesi sikhathi.
Amanani wokuzivikela: ayini?
Esinye sezinyathelo bonke abatshalizimali okufanele bangenise kuzo ukubheka kakhulu ukuphepha okuchazwe njengokuzivikela noma okulondolozayo. Leli isu elisebenza kahle kakhulu zivikele ekungangeni kahle ezimakethe zezimali. Lesi sigaba sezokuphepha sibonakala ngokuyisisekelo ngoba ukusebenza kwaso kungcono kunezinye ezikhathini ezimbi kakhulu emakethe yamasheya. Lapho imakethe yamasheya inyuka abakwenzi ngamandla anjalo, kepha lapho izimali zehla akwenzi lokho ngodlame olunjalo ekuweni kwalawa manani.
Enye yezimpawu zayo eziyinhloko isuselwa eqinisweni lokuthi zingamanani kuncane kakhulu okuguqukayo ukuthi abanye. Ngamanye amagama, umehluko phakathi kwezintengo zabo eziphakeme nezincane awuphakeme kangako ngakho-ke izingozi zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi ziphansi. Ngisho nasengozini yokungakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ukukhuphuka ezimakethe zezimali. Kepha njengoba sikhuluma ngesimo esingesihle sezimakethe zamasheya ngokujwayelekile, kungashiwo ukuthi angamagugu athakazelisayo kakhulu ukuba nawo kwiphothifoliyo yakho. Banikeza ukuzinza okukhulu kukho ngemuva kwakho konke.
Ukuziphatha kwabo ezimakethe
Amasheya okuzivikela noma okulondolozayo ahlukaniswa ngokwengeziwe namandla awo aphezulu we khiqiza imali ukuzinza okuncane noma okuncane esikhathini esiphakathi nesikhathi eside. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imvamisa iletha ukubuya okungaguquki, yize kukuncane kakhulu, njalo ngonyaka. Njengomphumela walokhu okukhethekile, lawa manani achazwe kahle anconywa kakhulu isikhathi eside sokuhlala lapho inhloso ukudala ukushintshana okuzinzile kokonga ngaphandle kokuntengantenga kwezinye izinkampani ezibhalwe emakethe yamasheya.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingxenye enhle yalawa maxabiso iyasabalalisa izinzuzo phakathi kwabaninimasheya. Ngembuyiselo yonyaka emisiwe ehluka phakathi kuka-4% no-7% ngokuya ngeziphakamiso ezikhethwe abasebenzisi. Inani elizoya kwi-akhawunti yokulondoloza yalaba batshalizimali ngezinsuku zabo zokukhokha lo mholo. Kunoma ikuphi, ingasetshenziswa njengecebo langempela futhi elisha ukwakha noma ukwakha iphothifoliyo yemali engenayo engaguquki ngaphakathi kokuguquguqukayo. Ukuze ngale ndlela, abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi babe nemali engenayo engaguquki minyaka yonke ukuhlangabezana nezindleko zabo eziyinhloko.
Imikhakha ehlanganiswe kakhulu
Lesi sigaba sokuphepha kwamasheya, ngakolunye uhlangothi, siyabonakala kakhulu ngoba sivela ezinkampanini ezinemigqa yendabuko kakhulu futhi ngaphezu kwayo yonke imigqa yebhizinisi esunguliwe. Akuxhomeki kumjikelezo wezomnotho futhi kunikezela ngenani elifunwa kakhulu yingxenye enkulu yezakhamizi. Njengesibonelo bangaba yi izinsiza zokuphakela ugesi noma imvume yemigwaqo emikhulu, phakathi kokunye okuhambisana kakhulu. Ngalo mqondo, akungabazeki ukuthi banikeza ukuphepha okukhulu kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngokuphambene nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi yizibambiso ezingacabangi ezinganikeli inani elingeziwe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi kwaziwe ukuthi lezi ziphakamiso ezimakethe zezimali ziyingxenye yephothifoliyo yabanye izimali zomhlaba jikelele noma abaphathi ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa izikhundla zabo zokutshala imali. Abangahlelela izimali zempesheni futhi kulokhu bathola ilungelo elikhulu ngenxa yokuzinza kwamanani abawanikezayo ezimweni eziningi. Ziyingxenye efanelekile yale mikhiqizo yezezimali futhi kunoma yisiphi isimo esingenhla esinikezwa ezinye izibambiso ezihlanganisiwe kuzinkomba zemakethe yamasheya emhlabeni jikelele.
Umkhakha kagesi
Lapho sikhuluma ngala magugu akhetheke kakhulu, asikwazi ukukhohlwa izinkampani zikagesi eziyizindinganiso zokuzivikela ngokwenza kahle kakhulu. Banokuzinza okukhulu ekucushweni kwamanani abo futhi futhi yibo okufanele bakhokhe enye ye izinzuzo eziphakeme emakethe yezimali. Ngenzalo emaphakathi nonyaka engafinyelela ku-7%, ngaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho okumakwe yiyo yonke imikhiqizo yasebhange. Isibonelo, imali yesikhathi esimisiwe, amanothi ezethembiso zebhange noma ama-akhawunti akhokha kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyiwa engxenyeni enhle yokonga abasebenzisi bebhange ngenxa yokushoda kokunikezwa kuleli banga lemikhiqizo yezezimali.
Umkhakha kagesi uyisigaba esithandwa kakhulu ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abanephrofayili elandelanayo. Lapho ukuvikeleka kotshalo-mali kunqoba okunye ukucatshangelwa, kufaka phakathi inzuzo yomkhiqizo uqobo. Njengomphumela walo mkhuba, amasheya alezi zinkampani yi futhi izinzile kakhulu futhi akukho ukuqagela ezintweni zayo. Esikhathini eside, kuhlale kulula ukwenza imali enenzuzo kunakwamanye amaphepha. Yize bengakhululeki ebungozini nasekunciphiseni kwenani lamanani abo.
Eminye imikhakha evikela kakhulu
Kunoma ikuphi, umkhakha kagesi akuwona wodwa ozivikela emakethe yamasheya. Hhayi kancane, kepha kukhona abanye abahlangabezana nalesi sici esibalulekile. Ngoba okunye okuhambisana kakhulu nokudla okune- ukuziphatha okungcono ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke ezimakethe zokulingana. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi banikela ngomkhiqizo odingekile kubantu ngakho-ke udinga ukuthengwa. Kusesikhathini sokuwohloka komnotho noma, kunalokho, kwesinye isikhathi sokwanda. Ngoba empeleni, izidingo zihlala zinjalo futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu zithakazelisa kakhulu ngezikhathi zokuzinza okukhulu ezimakethe zezimali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, awukwazi ukukukhipha umkhakha wamabhange noma ngabe kubiza izindleko zokuthatha ubungozi obuningi ekusebenzeni. Ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yamuva nje ngenxa yokuchayeka kwayo okukhulu ezinkingeni zezomnotho, njengoba kwenzekile kulowo othuthuke phakathi kuka-2007 no-2008. Ngokusebenza okungcono kunezinye izibambiso ezakha izinkomba zemakethe yamasheya emhlabeni wonke. Kufike ezingeni lokuthi bathole inzuzo ebabazekayo eminyakeni yamuva, ebangeni elisuka ku-2% kuye ku-10% ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu. Lapho izinkampani ezihambisa ukudla nazo zihlanganisiwe.
Okuhlukile okuqinisekisa umthetho
Ngokuqondile kuleli qembu lokugcina, lelo lezinkampani ezihambisa ukudla, yi Día ukuphepha okwenziwa kabi kakhulu ngo-2018 futhi okwakusondele kakhulu ekuhwebeni ama-euro angu-0,20 ngesabelo ngasinye. Sishiya kulo msebenzi inkomba ekhethiwe yamasheya aseSpain, i-Ibex 35 nokuthi eminyakeni embalwa edlule edlule yaqala ukucaphuna ama-euro ayisi-5 noma ayisi-6. Ukuphahlazeka ngentengo kusuka kulezo zikhathi eziqondile. Leli nani limelela okwehlukile kumkhuba ojwayelekile walaba bameleli ezimakethe zezimali.
Kunoma ikuphi, okungenani kuzocaca kusuka manje kuye phambili ukuthi liyini inani lokuzivikela. Kungase kudingeke uphendukele kwesinye sazo ukuze ubhekane nonyaka onzima njengo-2019. Lapho kungangabazeki ukuthi kuzodingeka ukhethe kakhulu ukwenza iphothifoliyo yokutshala imali elinganiselayo ukuzivikela ekuguquguqukeni izimakethe zezimali Okusho ukuthi, ngemuva kwakho konke, kuyini okwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo ngendlela ephephile. Esinye sezifiso zalo nyaka esisanda kuqala.