Ukuhluka okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhweba izimakethe zokulingana ukuhweba kwezibambiso ezithengiswa esidlangalaleni. Banganikeza umkhondo ongaphezu kowodwa wokwenza ukuthenga nokuthengisa kwamasheya ngesikhathi esithile. Kulesi simo esijwayelekile, kungashiwo ngaphandle kokwesaba iphutha ukuthi kuya ngokuxoxisana emakethe yamasheya, a isu lokutshala imali elinokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Kokubili ukuvula nokuvala izikhundla ngezinga elibaluleke kakhulu lokwaneliseka.
Vele, akuzona zonke izibambiso ezakha izimakethe zokulingana, kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe, ezinezingxoxo ezifanayo emakethe yamasheya. Vele akunjalo kusukela umehluko uyathandeka impela, ngandlela thile. Ngaphandle kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe futhi mhlawumbe kusuka ezintweni eziyisisekelo zamanani emakethe yamasheya. Ukuze bakwazi ukunikeza inkomba encane ngesici sobuchwepheshe babo. Ngendlela enikeza ukuphepha okuningi ekusebenzeni ezimakethe zezezimali.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungakhohlwa ukuthi ukuhweba emakethe yamasheya kungumphumela wenzalo enkulu noma encane ohlangothini lwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Akumangalisi ukuthi ivolumu yokuhweba emakethe yamasheya eyabiwa iBanco Santander ayifani naleyo ye-Ercros. Njengobufakazi bokuthi kukhona ukuxoxisana okukhulu kwezihloko okulingana nokuthi kunokushintshisana okukhulu ezihlokweni. Ngomthamo ophakeme wokuthenga nokuthengisa ngakho-ke unikeza ukwenziwa kwemali okwengeziwe ekusebenzeni.
Ukuxoxisana ngezihloko, kukhombisani?
Umphumela oyinhloko wokwanda kwayo iqiniso lokuthi inani lemakethe lokwenza imali enkulu. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi izibambiso ezithengiswa kakhulu emakethe yamasheya zakhiwa ngama-chips okuthiwa ama-blue. Lapho amanani aphezulu ezabelo zamazwe ahlanganisiwe: ISantander, i-BBVA, i-Iberdrola, i-Repsol ne-Endesa. Ngomthamo wenkontileka ophakeme kakhulu kuzo zonke izikhathi zokuhweba futhi lokho kugqama kuzo zonke iziphakamiso zemakethe yamasheya. Futhi lesi sigaba sezokuphepha sibonakala ngokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukusisebenzisa ngezandla eziqinile zezimakethe zezimali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, esinye sezici ezichaza ukuhweba emakethe yamasheya yilokho okushiwo inzalo ebekwe kwizibambiso ezenza imali eguquguqukayo, kungaba kuzwelonke noma ngaphandle kwemingcele yethu. Ngalo mqondo, iyi- inkomba ethembeke kakhulu mayelana nokuthi imali iya kuphi. Hhayi kuphela ezandleni eziqinile zezimakethe zezimali, kodwa futhi ezivela kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ukuthi ingakunikeza umkhondo ongaphezu kowodwa ngomkhondo wemali ezimakethe zezimali.
Kungani imali ithengiswa emakethe yamasheya?
Isici esisodwa okufanele sibhekwe ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi kukhona ifayela le- ukuxoxisana okukhulu noma okungcono ekuvikelekeni kwemakethe yamasheya. Yebo, kukhombisa intshisekelo ecace kakhulu kubathengisi bamasheya abahlukene. Kepha futhi nokuthi banemali ebaluleke kakhulu eyenzelwe ukuhweba. Ngalo mqondo, ungabona ukuthi kukhona ezinye izibambiso ezikhiqiza imali encane kakhulu ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu kuwe ukuthi uthathe izikhundla nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Lezi yizibambiso ezaziwa njengonhlamvukazi abancane kakhulu futhi eziyingozi kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi kubhekwe ukunquma ubukhulu benkampani efakwe kuhlu. Akubona bonke ababuswa yizimfanelo ezifanayo. Hhayi kancane futhi inani lokuhweba liyinkomba encane ekusiza ukuthi uqonde le mpicabadala kumanani wemakethe yamasheya. Ngaphandle kolunye uchungechunge lokucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe ngisho nasendaweni yokubuka izisekelo zayo. Uma ungafuni ungenzi amaphutha ekusebenzeni kwakho Emakethe yamasheya, akufanele ukhohlwe lezi zici ezibalulekile esizibonisile.
Ihambisana nezinkampani ezinkulu
Lokhu kuguquguquka kuhlangana kuzo zonke izimo nezintshisekelo zezinkampani ezinkulu ezisohlwini nokuthi angamazinga amahle kakhulu avezwa kuzo zonke izikhathi zokuhweba. Noma nini lapho kukhona ukulahleka, ukwehluleka isu lomtshali-zimali, kepha kunamacala angagwenywa, noma okungenani ancishiswe, kepha kulokhu kuyadingeka thatha uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokuqapha ezahluka ngokuya ngephrofayili ngayinye yazo. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu sokuthi kungani lesi simo kufanele sinakwe lapho kwenziwa isinqumo, ngandlela thile. Okusho ukuthi, ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuthi yini ebandakanyekayo kunoma iyiphi iphrofayili yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Ukugwema ukusebenza okungathandeki, kungakuhle ukuthi umtshali-zimali ukuthi azihlolisise ngaphambili ngezidingo zakhe zangempela zokutshala imali, ngaleyo ndlela athole uma iphrofayili yakho inolaka noma ivikela, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, isidingo sezimali esizoba naso ngekusasa.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuphepha okunamanani entengo aphansi ngokomlando kufanele kuthengiswe, yize into enzima ukuyithola, yize ukuhlaziywa kwezobuchwepheshe ngokuvamile kunikeza "imikhondo" ethile mayelana nezinguquko zomkhuba.
Uhlelo olusha lokuhweba
IKomidi Eliphethe le-CNMV livumile ukugunyaza ukwakhiwa kweKing & Shaxson Capital Markets, i-SV, SA, okuyinhlangano yaseSpain ezophatha iDowgate (Madrid), uhlelo olusha lokuhweba olunamazwe amaningi olusebenza eSpain olukhethekile ukuxoxisana ngezikweletu zomphakathi nemikhiqizo evela kokunye. Imithethonqubo yalolu hlelo lokuhweba ngamazwe ahlukahlukene nayo isanda kuvunywa yi-CNMV.
Inkampani entsha yezokuphepha izoba yingxenye yeqembu iKing & Shaxson, ebuye isebenze iDowgate MTF, uhlelo lokuhweba olunamazwe amaningi lwaseLondon. Izinhlelo zokuhweba eziningi (i-SMN noma i-MTF, isifinyezo esiNgisini) ziwuhlobo lwemakethe noma indawo yokuhweba yamazwe amaningi elawulwa eMiFID II. Njengamanje, kunama-SMN amane asebenzayo eSpain: MAB, MARF, SENAF naseLATIBEX.