Enye yezinzuzo ezinikezwa yimali yokutshala imali ukuthi singakhetha amamodeli ahlukahlukene abaphathi bawo. Kufinyelela ezingeni lokuthi nathi singakwazi khetha amafa ezezimali ahlukile kulo mkhiqizo wezezimali. Kepha ngokuphambene nalokho, kungasidalela inkinga nasokhethweni. Akumangalisi ukuthi izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali zinokumelwa okungaphezulu kokuningi ngokwesithembiso abasenzayo kubatshalizimali abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Ngaphakathi kwalo mkhiqizo akungabazeki ukuthi singakhetha ama-equities, imali engenayo engaguquki, imali noma okunye ukutshalwa kwezimali. Kunjalo ayinikezi mingcele esinqumweni okufanele usithathe kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngaphandle kolunye uchungechunge lokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe futhi mhlawumbe futhi kusukela ekubukeni kwezisekelo zayo. Kepha badlulela phambili, bevela ezinkampanini ezahlukahlukene zokuphatha, kuzwelonke nangaphandle kwemingcele yethu. Ungakhetha futhi amamodeli wokuphatha asebenzayo noma angenzi lutho.
Ukuze ungabi nezinkinga ekuphatheni iphothifoliyo yakho elandelayo yesikhwama sokutshala imali, sizokweluleka ukuthi uyenze isikhwama esiyisisekelo namafomethi okufanele uwafake ukuze uzuze inzuzo engaphezu kwesilinganiso. Kunoma ikuphi, kuzoba ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhlukahlukene lapho ungabhekana khona nesiyaluyalu esingavela ezimakethe zezimali. Ngenhloso eyinhloko yokonga imali yakho ngaphezulu kolunye uchungechunge lwezinto ezibhekwayo, ngenkathi unyaka nonyaka uthola imbuyiselo kulondolozo lwakho lokuphila.
Izimali zokutshala imali: izimali
Kuyingxenye yotshalo-mali ongeke uyikhohlwe noma ngabe ikuphi uma ufuna ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwemali yakho. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi lezi zimali zokutshala imali zinobungozi obuningi, kepha kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabange ukukhulisa inzalo ekupheleni kwenyanga. Ngokuphathelene nalezi zimali, ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kuvezwa yisikhwama sezimali samazwe omhlaba leso hlukanisa lezi zimpahla zezimali. Ngalo mqondo, inhlanganisela yezimakethe zamasheya aseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika kungaba umbono omuhle kakhulu wokuthuthukisa ibhalansi yokonga kwakho kusukela manje. Ngale ndlela, ngeke ubeke imali yakho kumakethe eyodwa yezokuphepha noma yezezimali.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, lo mbono wokutshala imali unenzuzo ongakwenza yona thuthukisa intshisekelo yonyaka yotshalo-mali. Ukuhlanganisa izimakethe ezehlukene zezezimali kusuka kumkhiqizo ofanayo wokutshala imali. Uma ufuna iphuzu eliphakeme lobungozi ngokungangabazeki ungabeka ingxenye encane ezimakethe ezibizwa ngokuthi ziyavela. Yinzuzo kakhulu, kepha futhi lapho ungabeka khona ama-euro amaningi endleleni. Ngalesi sizathu, utshalomali lwakho akumele lube lukhulu kakhulu, kepha lube nomkhawulo futhi lilawulwe abaphathi bakho kwizimali zokutshala imali.
Imali engenayo engaguquki: yikuphi okufanele ukhethe?
Ngenye impahla yezezimali engakunika ikhanda elithe xaxa lapho wenza ukukhetha kwakho. Umqondo omuhle ukuthi awukhawuleli esikweletini sezwe elilodwa, kepha kunalokho uhlukanise ngezindawo eziningi lapho ungathola khona inzuzo enhle. Ngalo mqondo, inzuzo onayo okwamanje ukuthi unezimali zokutshala imali zazo zonke izinhlobo nemvelo. Iya kulabo abanokuhlukahluka okukhulu ekunikezeni kwabo. Ingabe okungcono kakhulu ikhambi lokunciphisa ukulahleka okungaba khona ezingakhiqizwa kulokhu kutshalwa kwezimali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyasiza kakhulu ukuthi ukhethe ukuphathwa okusebenzayo kunokungenzi lutho okunenhloso yalo enkulu kukuvikele ezikhathini zokungazinzi kulolu hlobo lwezimakethe zezimali. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ukwazi ukukhulisa inzuzo kancane kancane ngoba ngokusebenzisa le modeli yokutshalwa kwezimali izilinganiso zenzalo aziphezulu kangako ezimakethe zezimali. Ngakho-ke, wuhlobo lotshalo-mali oluhloselwe kakhulu amatemu aphakathi nade ekugcineni kwawo. Ngoba ungakhohlwa ukuthi lawa mafomethi awanabo ubungozi nawo, njengoba abanye abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi bekholelwa.
Amamodeli wemali
Ngenye ingxenye eyisisekelo yalokho okufanele kube iphothifoliyo yesikhwama sokutshala imali enengqondo futhi elinganiselayo. Yize iminikelo yabo izobe iphansi kunezinye izimali zokutshala imali. Ngoba noma kunjalo kufanele wazi ukuthi ubungozi bukhulu kakhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwesimo se- ukushintshwa kwemali futhi lokho kuholela komehluko obaluleke kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kwemali kuzodala ikhomishini engakulimaza ekutshalweni kwakho ozokwenza kusuka manje.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu kulezi zimo ukuthi ukhetha izimali zokutshala imali ezisuselwa ku-euro. Kuyindlela engcono yokuvikela izintshisekelo zakho ngaphakathi kwalezi zimpahla zezimali. Kuyiqiniso lokho inzuzo izoba ncane kakhulu, kepha okungenani ngeke ulahlekelwe yimali futhi uzokwazi ngisho nokunxephezela ngokulahlekile okutholwe izimali ezisele zotshalo-mali. Kuzokwanela ukuthi unikele ngemali ephansi esikhwameni ukuze uphinde uhlukanise imali yakho ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokutshala imali. Kungenxa yazo zonke izinhloso zakho ezinkulu njengomtshali-zimali omncane naphakathi.
Olunye utshalomali
Kumele futhi kube yingxenye yephothifoliyo yesikhwama sokutshala imali yabanikazi balo mkhiqizo. Kepha kulokhu futhi neminikelo emincane ngenxa yengozi ethintekayo ekusebenzeni. Ngalo mqondo, omunye wemibono ubunjwe iqiniso lokuthi uhlanganisa izimpahla ezikhethiwe zezimali nenye ingxenye kusuka emalini engenayo engaguquguquki noma eguquguqukayo ngokuya ngephrofayili oyethula njengomtshalizimali. Ukukhawulela i- ukuguquguquka ethula lezi zinhlobo ekutshalweni ezinolaka kakhulu.
Ungathola inkontileka ngezimali ezahlukahlukene, kusuka ku- ngokususelwa kumafa wempahla kulabo abasekela umnikelo wabo ezintweni ezingavuthiwe noma izinsimbi eziyigugu. Zonke zingaba nenzuzo enkulu uma ukuvela kwamanani azo kulandela okulindelwe okwenziwe. Kepha lapho ubungozi buhlala bucashile ngakho-ke okumele ukwenze ukuzivikela kunoma yimuphi umzuzu ongafuneki ezimakethe zezimali. Ungathola imali eningi, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi ungashiya futhi ama-euro amaningi endleleni. Futhi lesi yisici okufanele usilindele ngaphambi kokuqasha.
Izimali zokulingana zomhlaba wonke
Cishe zonke izigaba zikhombise ukukhula ezinyangeni ezedlule. Izimali zamazwe omhlaba ezizimele zagqama okwathi, ngemuva kwemiphumela emihle etholwe yiningi lama-stock stock emhlabeni, bakhuphule inani labo lezimpahla kuma-euro ayizigidi eziyi-1.275, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva enikezwe yi-Association of Collective Investment Institutions and Pension Funds (Inverco). Lapho kukhonjisiwe ukuthi engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka banokukhula kwama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-1.768.
Kodwa-ke, yizimali ezihleliwe zokutshalwa kwemali eziholela ekuklelisweni kokukhula okuqoqiwe engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, ngokunyuka kwama-euro angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-7.000. Kunoma ikuphi, lokhu kukhula okuningi kuhambelana nokubhaliselwe okuphelele kwabahlanganyeli, abakhetha ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabo okuqondiswe kulolu hlobo lwezimali ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zonyaka. Kumkhuba obulokhu uphindaphinda ezinyangeni ezedlule ngokuya ngokuvela kwezimakethe zezimali, kokubili kumasheya nasemalini etholakalayo.
Okubhaliselwe nokubuyiselwa kwemali
Ngemuva kwabo, izimali zokuxuba ezihlanganisiwe yizo ezahlangabezana nokukhula okukhulu ngo-2019 (3.769 million ngaphezulu kuka-2018), yize ngokwemigomo yamaphesenti zihola lokhu kukhula ngokunyuka okucishe kube ngu-16% uma kuqhathaniswa noDisemba 2018, njengoba kungabonakala ngo ulwazi olwenziwe yiNhlangano Yezikhungo Zokutshala Imali Ehlanganyelwe kanye NeziKhwama Zempesheni. Kulokhu, kutholakala ukuthi ukukhula konke kunomsuka wayo ukuvuselelwa kwamaphothifoliyo abo ngomphumela wemakethe.
Ngemuva kwezimali zokulingana zamazwe omhlaba, ezomhlaba jikelele yizo ezihlangabezane nokukhula okuphezulu kakhulu ngoJuni cishe ngama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-893. Engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, bathola ukwanda kokulingana kwama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-2.666. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izimali zokubuyisa ngokuphelele ziholele ukwehla kwezimali kwenyanga nango-2019, futhi kwehlisa umthamo wazo wezimpahla ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zonyaka ngama-euro angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-2.241 (15,5% ngaphansi kukaDisemba 2018).
Izimali zotshalo-mali ezisuselwa kwizimali zikazwelonke nazo zihlangabezana nokwehla kwempahla yazo (ngenxa yokuhlengwa okutholwe yisigaba) ngoJuni cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-35. Ngonyaka wonke, bathola ukuncipha kokulingana kwama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-601. Mayelana nokuhamba kwemali, izimali zokutshala imali ezethulwe ngoJuni a Ukuziphatha okuyisicaba futhi kubuyiselwe imbuyiselo ephelele yama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-12. Ngonyaka wonke, baqoqa ukubuyiselwa kwemali okuphelele okubalelwa kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-387.