Yini imali ebanjiswayo

Omunye wemikhiqizo yasebhange eyaziwa kakhulu kubo bonke ngukuthi ukuthenga impahla. Kuyindlela yezimali ehlobene nempahla ebonakala ngokukhishwa kwemali ethile, kamuva, okufanele ikhokhwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngenzalo.

Kepha yini ngempela imali ebanjiswayo? Iziphi izici onazo? Kunezinhlobo eziningi? Kuyo yonke le mibuzo, neminye eminingi, yilokho esikhuluma ngakho ngokulandelayo.

Yini imali ebanjiswayo

Ngokuya ngeBhange LaseSpain, imali mboleko yile:

"Imalimboleko okukhokhelwa kwayo kuqinisekiswa ngenani lesakhiwo."

Ngokwengxenye yayo, iRAE (Royal Spanish Academy) iyichaza ngokuthi:

"Ilungelo langempela lokuthi intela yempahla ephathekayo, okubenza baphendule ngokufeza isibopho semali."

Ukubeka kalula, imali ebanjiswa ngempahla iyi- Isivumelwano phakathi kombolekisi (okuvamise ukuthi kube yibhange) nomsebenzisi lapho umbolekisi enelungelo lokugcina impahla yentela eqinisekisa imali akuboleka yona.

Isibonelo, ake ucabange ukuthi ufuna ukuthenga indlu kodwa awunayo imali eyanele yokukhokhela yonke into. Ngemuva kwalokho uphendukela kumbolekisi noma ebhange evuma ukukunikeza leyo mali ukuze uthole isiqinisekiso (noma semali ebolekiswayo) yendlu ozoyithenga. Ngokubuya kwakho, kuzofanele ubuyise imali akuboleke yona kanye nenzalo ethile ngesikhathi esithile. Uma ungakwenzi, leso sivumelwano sinika amandla umbolekisi ukugcina ikhaya lakho.

Singasho ukuthi imali ebolekiwe inelungelo lokuqinisekisa, ngoba iqinisekisa ukuthi okweletayo uzokhokha futhi, kungenjalo, okweletwayo uzoba nempahla eqinisekisa imali ayikhokhele lowo okweletwayo.

Imali mboleko yasekhaya vs imali ebanjiswayo

Lawa magama kucatshangwa ukuthi ayafana, okungukuthi, abhekisa entweni efanayo. Futhi nokho, iqiniso ukuthi lokhu akunjalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imali mboleko iyilungelo lokuphepha lapho okweletayo nombolekisi benza khona. Kepha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, imalimboleko yempahla ebanjiswayo iyimali ebhange, noma inkampani yasebhange, eboleka imali kumthengi ukuze abuyele ekhaya.

Ngamanye amagama, ngenkathi imali mboleko yempahla enikezwa yibhange noma inhlangano yasebhangeEndabeni yokubolekwa kwemali, obolekayo akalona ibhange, kepha ungumuntu. Le mali ebanjiswayo kufanele ibhaliswe kwiRegistry Registry ngoba, uma ingenziwa, ngeke ibe nenani futhi nokukhokhwa kwaleyo mali kungadingeka.

Izinto ezakha isibambiso

Lapho ukhuluma ngemali mboleko, kufanele ucabangele izinto ezithile eziyingxenye yalo mqondo. Ingabe:

• Capital. Kuyisamba semali esiceliwe kumbolekisi futhi okufanele sibuyiselwe ngezitolimende noma ngokukhokha ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Inzalo. Kuyiphesenti elengeziwe okufanele likhokhwe ukuthola inani lemali elidingekayo. Lokhu kungaba ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.
• Ithemu. Isikhathi okufanele ukhokhe ngaso imali oyiboleke okweletayo kanye nenzalo.
• Imali ebolekwayo. Kuyinkokhelo yesiqinisekiso evumela umuntu noma ibhange elibolekisa imali ukuthi libe nelungelo lempahla yendawo uma kukhona okungahambi kahle.

Izinhlobo zemali mboleko

Impahla ebolekiswayo ingaba ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Futhi kukhona izigaba ezahlukahlukene ezisinikeza amatemu ahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, okuvame kakhulu yilezi:

Ngokwesilinganiso senzalo:

• Imali mboleko yesilinganiso esinqunyiwe. Kubonakala ngoba inzalo okufanele ikhokhwe ngaphezu kwemali ekuboleka yona ngeke iguquke phakathi nesikhathi sonke okuvunyelwene ngaso ukubuyisa inani.
• Izimali ezibolekwa ngamanani eziguqukayo. Ngokuphambene naleso esedlule, lapha kukhona ukwehluka kwezinga lenzalo, okungaba ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi.
• Izimalimboleko ezixutshiwe. Yilezo ezihlanganisa zombili izinhlobo zentshisekelo, okungukuthi, zilungisiwe futhi ziyahlukahluka. Ngale ndlela, ingxenye eyodwa yenzalo ilungiswa ngenkathi enye ingxenye izoba nokuhlukahluka ngokuya ngesethenjwa esivame ukuba yi-Euribor.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwemali:

• Imali ejwayelekile. Yimali ebanjiswa njalo evamile ngoba lokho okufanele ukhokhe inyanga nenyanga kuhlala kungaguquguquki, ngaphandle kokushintshwa kwale nkokhelo yanyanga zonke.
• Imali yokuzivikela. Kuyinkokhelo yanyanga zonke okuthi, noma igcina imali ebekiwe, yiziphi izinguquko igama. Isibonelo, uma inzalo inyuka, igama liyakhula; futhi okuphambene nalokho.
• Imali yokugcina. Kulokhu, isitolimende sokugcina siphakeme kunaleso esivamile ngoba kunamaphesenti esikweletu (cishe ama-30%) ahlala akhokhelwa ekugcineni.
• Inzalo kuphela. Zibonakala ngoba imali mboleko ayiyona imali ekhokhelwe, kepha inzalo kuphela ekhokhwayo.
• Ukwandisa ukwabelana. Ngokungafani neyokuqala, kulokhu imali iyanda minyaka yonke. Ngale ndlela, uqala ukukhokha kancane bese uyenyuka.

Ngokusho kweklayenti:

• Imali ebanjiswayo yentsha. Kulabo abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-30-35 ubudala.
• Imalimboleko yabangebona abahlali. Yilabo okuhlala kwabo okwesibili kuphesheya. Ngamanye amagama, iklayenti alihlali eSpain unyaka wonke.
• Okwamaqembu. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, kusuka kubasebenzi bakahulumeni, izinkampani ezinkulu ...

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwempahla:

• Imali mboleko yezitezi zebhange.
• Ama-VPO womphakathi noma azimele. Sisho izindlu ezivikelwe ngokusemthethweni.
• Ngezimpahla zasemadolobheni nezase rustic.
• Okomhlaba.
• Ukuze uthole ikhaya lokuqala.
• Ukuxhasa indawo yokuhlala yesibili.

Ngokwemvelo yayo:

• Ukubhaliswa kwemali mboleko kanjiniyela. Kusho ukuthi imali mboleko yempahla evela esikhungweni sezezimali iyacatshangelwa.
• Ukuzithoba kweqembu elibolekisa. Lapho kunokuthuthuka ezimweni zempahla ebanjiswayo.
• Ukuhlanganiswa kabusha. Lapho izikweletu zihlelwe zaba yinye ukuze zikwazi ukuzikhokha ngezinzuzo ezinkulu.
• Buyisela emuva imali ebanjiswayo. Yinye egxile kubantu asebekhulile ngendlela yokuthi babambise indlu ukuze bathole imali engenayo yenyanga.
• Imali mboleko yemali kanye nemali eningi. Akunconyiwe ngoba, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imali eyengeziwe iyakweletwa.

Izidingo zokucela imali mboleko

Ngokuya ngenkampani noma ibhange, Izidingo zemali mboleko zizoshintsha, ngoba ngamunye ufuna ukufeza izinto eziningana. Kepha, ngokujwayelekile, lokho abazokucela kuzoba:

• Ukuthi unokonga ukumboza okungenani ama-30% endlu.
• Ukuthi uneholo lokuthi uzokwazi ukukhokha imali.
• Yiba nomsebenzi ozinzile.
• Ukungabi nesikweletu esibi, imalimboleko, kanye nomlando wokuthenga ngempahla.
• Nikeza izincomo (lokhu kungakhethwa, abanye bayakucela kanti abanye abakufuni).

Uma uhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo, ungakucela. Ukwenza lokhu, kungcono ukuya ebhange noma ezinkampanini ezinikele ekunikezeni imali ebolekiswayo kumakhasimende ayidingayo.

Ngabe sekucaca kuwe manje ukuthi yini imali ebolekiswayo?