Yini ivawusha?

bono

Uma uxhunyaniswe kakhulu nomhlaba wokutshalwa kwemali nemali, akungabazeki ukuthi uzwile kaningi ukuthi iyini ibhondi. Ingenye ye- izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokutshalwa kwezimali ukwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo. Kodwa-ke, akuyona umkhiqizo olula kakhulu ngoba unezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene njengoba zaziwa ngabatshalizimali abanolwazi oluningi ku izimakethe zezezimali. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi ibhondi kukhulunywa ngayo kalula, kepha kwesinye isikhathi akucaci ngokweqile ngemishini yayo yokutshala imali esiyongele imali.

Okokuqala, ngeke kube nokukhetha ngaphandle kokubhekisa encazelweni ejwayelekile yaleli gama lezomnotho. Yebo, ibhondi ingaphezu kwakho konke ithuluzi lezimali elinamandla elisetshenziswa yizinhlangano ezizimele nezikahulumeni. Ibhonasi ingenye yezindlela zokwenza i- isikweletu, ukuphepha okungaguquguquki noma okuguqukayo kwemali engenayo. Ngakho-ke, akudingeki ukuthi iqhamuke ezimakethe zezimali, njengoba abanye abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi bekholelwa okwamanje.

Kunoma ikuphi, futhi ukuze uyiqonde kangcono, kuyimpahla yezimali ebhalwe ezimakethe nokuthi ungaqasha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukwenza izimpahla eziqoqiwe zibe nenzuzo. Kepha njengoba incazelo yayo ikhombisa ukuthi ingavela ezimakethe ezahlukahlukene ngakho-ke unezindlela eziningi zokuhambisa utshalomali. Kusukela ekuthengweni kwamabhondi wangaphandle kuya kubhasikidi we amabhondi ahlanganiswe nesikhwama sokutshala imali. Vele, ngalesi sikhathi unamasu amaningi wokuvula izikhundla kule mpahla ebalulekile yezezimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho ongakucabanga kusukela ekuqaleni. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi okunye okuyisisekelo futhi ngasikhathi sinye okusebenzayo?

Ibhondi: ikhishwe nguhulumeni

Le yindlela yokutshala imali exhumeke kakhulu kulo mkhiqizo wezezimali. Cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi uma sikhuluma ngamabhondi, empeleni, asibhekiseli kule ndlela yokutshala imali yendawo yonke. Ngaphandle kwezinye izindlela zobuchwepheshe futhi mhlawumbe kubaluleke kakhulu. Yebo, ibhondi iqukethe ukuphepha kwezikweletu okungakhishwa nguhulumeni (kuzwelonke, ezifundazweni, ohulumeni bomasipala, njll.). Kulula ukuthi uyikhumbule kusukela manje, ngoba ifayela le- imiphakathi ezimele wezwe lethu nabo bangabakhiphi balo mkhiqizo wezezimali. ICatalonia, iMadrid, i-Asturias, Izwe laseBasque, iGalicia, iLa Rioja ...

Uhlobo lwayo lokutshalwa kwemali luyinkimbinkimbi yokuthi njengoba ingozi yebhondi inyuka, inzuzo yalo mkhiqizo wezezimali iyanda. Yize uzoba sengozini yokulahlekelwa yiyo yonke imali uma umphakathi okhipayo ungeke uyikhokhe noma umane uthi awunamali. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani isivuno kumabhondi esifunda singafani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngokwehluka okubaluleke kakhulu kusuka komunye nomunye, noma nje kungena konke bangena ibanga elisuka ku-1% liye ku-6% cishe. Kunoma ikuphi, uba enye indlela yangempela yotshalo-mali onayo ngalesi sikhathi esiqondile.

Izibopho zombuso, ezendabuko kakhulu

usa

Ngokuphambene nalokho, izibopho zikahulumeni zingenye ye izinhlobo ezivamile zokutshalwa kwezimali kusukela eminyakeni eminingi. Kuhloswe ngephrofayili yomsebenzisi elandelanayo noma evikelayo, njengabazali bakho noma ogogo nomkhulu bakho abenza kwezinye izikhathi lapho kwakungekho ukuhlukahluka okuningi kwemikhiqizo yezezimali. Ngalo mqondo, impela awungeke ukhohlwe ukuthi lesi sigaba samabhondi akhishwayo sethulwa ngaphansi kokuvuthwa okuhlukile. Phakathi kwalabo abavelele kukhona labo abenzelwe iminyaka emi-3, 5 nengu-10 futhi abathengwa endalini ngokujwayelekile phakathi nayo yonke iminyaka yezimali. Kodwa-ke, kungumkhiqizo wokutshala imali okwamanje owenza inzuzo ephansi, engaphansi kwe-1,5% futhi njengomphumela wesimo sezomnotho samanje endaweni ye-euro.

Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zokuthatha izikhundla kulokho okubizwa ngama-bond kahulumeni ukuthi ayingxenye yenqubo engeyona nhlobo eyinkimbinkimbi. Kuphephe kakhulu ngoba inzuzo yayo iqinisekisiwe kusukela ekuqaleni. Ngezimpawu ezithakazelwa yizibopho zikazwelonke bazoya ku-akhawunti yakho yokuhlola kusengaphambili. Lokho wukuthi, ngasikhathi sinye uyababhalisela futhi ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yezezimali noma yasebhange okuzodingeka ulinde ukuphela kwayo ukuze ukuqoqe. Ngokuqondene nesibonelo senzeka kuma-deposit term. Kuyisici esikhuthaza abanye abatshalizimali ukuthi babakhethe ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zokutshala imali.

Buyisela kumabhondi kazwelonke

Ngokuphathelene nesilinganiso senzalo esikhiqizwe yilo mkhiqizo oyisisekelo ekutshalweni kwemali, kuya ngomjikelezo wezomnotho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngezikhathi lapho amazinga wenzalo ephansi, njengoba isibonelo kwenzeka okwamanje, inzuzo yayo izobe ingagculisi ngokusobala kwizintshisekelo zakho. Ngenkathi ngokuphambene nalokho, ngezikhathi lapho ukuthambekela kuphambene ngokuphelele, uzoba namathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa lawa ma-intermediation. Ngale ndlela, thola u-2%, 3% noma u-4%. Yize manje sikude kakhulu nalesi simo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izibopho zalezi zici ziye zashintsha ngokungalingani kusukela ngo-2000. Ukufinyelela kancane ngenhla kwe-5% ukuthi icishe ibe sezindaweni ezingezinhle, njengoba kwenzeka eminyakeni yamuva. Yize ngesikhathi sokuqashwa kwabo, izinga lenzalo obaxhumanise nabo endalini lizohlala lisebenza. Kunoma ikuphi, kuyindlela elula yokuthola inzuzo encane, ngaphandle kokuthatha izingozi. Akumangalisi ukuthi kungenye yezimpawu ezihambelana kakhulu nalokho okuthiwa izibopho zikazwelonke noma zombuso.

Izibopho zobukhosi zamanye amazwe

ukubusa

Vele, usesimweni sokubhalisela izibopho zalezi zici nokuthi zivela kwezinye izizwe noma izindawo. Ngokwesibonelo, izibopho zangaphandle ezivela e-Italy, eGrisi noma ePortugal. Yibo abanohambo olude kakhulu ngokwenzuzo. Kepha izingozi zikhulu kakhulu ngoba zivela emnothweni ongazinzile futhi zingalahlekelwa yimali eningi ekusebenzeni futhi-ke ngaphezu kwalokho ongakubona kwasekuqaleni. Kufanele wazi ukuthi zinjani izimo zezomnotho zezwe elikhiphayo ngoba ungathola ukumangala okungaphezu kokukodwa kusukela manje.

Ngokuphambene, isibopho sikazwelonke esiphephe kunazo zonke isiJalimane futhi eyaziwa kangcono njenge-bund. Akumangalisi ukuthi ikunikeza ukuphepha okuphezulu okumelwe ukusombuluka komnotho wayo. Yize inzuzo yayo ingekho phezulu kakhulu ngenxa yalesi sici samabhondi kazwelonke. Ngalo mqondo, omunye umkhiqizo oyisisekelo yizibopho zase-United States futhi okuyingxenye enhle yephothifoliyo yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Kungaba ngokuthenga kwayo ngqo noma ngezimali zokutshala imali ezisuselwa kumholo ohleliwe.

Ama-Corporate bond: inzuzo ethe xaxa

izinkampani

Ngakolunye uhlangothi kunalokho okubizwa ngokuthi yizibopho zenkampani noma okwaziwa kangcono njengenhlangano. Le ndlela ezimakethe ezimaphakathi ezingenayo ibavumela ukuthi bathuthukise inzuzo yabo, yize benengozi ekusebenzeni. Kule fomethi kulula ukuthola inzalo esondele ku-5%. Zivela ezinkampanini futhi akudingeki ukuthi zifakwe kuhlu ezimakethe zokulingana. Enye yezinzuzo zayo ezifanele kakhulu ukuthi unezinhlobonhlobo zeziphakamiso zalezi zici nangaphezulu kwezibopho zikazwelonke noma zesifunda. Ukwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwezinkampani zemigqa ehlukene yebhizinisi.

Ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba, enye yezibopho ezimele kakhulu yizinto eziguqukayo. Uma kwenzeka ungazi, yizo ezingashintshaniswa ngamasheya asanda kukhishwa ngenani elivele lisethwe ngaphambili. Kuyisiphakamiso sokuqala ukuhlanganisa imali engenayo eguquguqukayo nengaguquki ukuze ngale ndlela isilinganiso senzalo lolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo yezezimali esizokunikeza sona sinyuke. Ngokwezinga lapho inzuzo nayo iphakeme, iba bukhulu kakhulu ubungozi okufanele ubuthathe ngalesi sigaba sokutshalwa kwemali okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ekugcineni, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ngemodeli ezuze ukusebenzelana okukhulu eminyakeni yamuva, njengezibopho ezingenamsoco. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokunikela nge- isivuno esikhulu njengoba kubhekwa njengezibambiso ezinobungozi obukhulu. Azinconyelwa kakhulu ukuqasha ngoba ngokusebenzisa kwazo kunokuningi ongakulahlekelwa kunenzuzo. Njengezibopho ezibizwa njalo zezikweletu nokuthi kuzo zonke izimo ungacabangi ngokubuya kwemali eyinhloko, kepha kunalokho phakamisa ukukhokhwa kwenzalo unomphela.

Njengoba ubonile, maningi ama-bond atholakala ezimakethe zezezimali. Kuzo zonke izindlela nemvelo futhi lokho kungasebenza ngezikhathi ezithile ukwenza ukonga kwakho kube nenzuzo. Kukodwa noma kuhlangene neminye imikhiqizo yezezimali. Lokhu kuzoncika kuphrofayili oyethula njengomtshalizimali omncane naphakathi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Njengenye yezindlela zakudala zokonga.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.