I-Euribor yisichazamazwi sohlobo lwe-European of interbank offer, noma ngegama layo nge-English Euro Interbank Offered Rate. Ngokunikwa le ncazelo, singasho ukuthi kuyisilinganiso senzalo esimaphakathi esisetshenziswe kwizimalimboleko, nokuthi kubalwa ukuthi kuzosetshenziswa iningi lamabhange aseYurophu, ahlangane akha iphaneli yamabhange.
Ngenkathi ifayili ngalinye le- izikhungo zebhange ezimele ekusebenzeni kwayo, kunalolu hlobo lwedatha ukuze ikwazi ukwenza ipharamitha futhi ibeke esimeni isimilo sabo sezezimali. Ngakho-ke ukuze ukwazi ukwenza ukubalwa okunembile kwe-Euribor, i-15% ephansi kanye ne-15% ephezulu kakhulu ye- amanani enzalo eziqoqiwe kusampula. Ngale ndlela, nsuku zonke, ukucacisa ukuthi kusebenza kuphela ezinsukwini zebhizinisi, ngo-11: 00 CET amanani enzalo e-Euribor asevele enqunyiwe futhi ashicilelwa.
Uhlelo lwebhange
Kepha ngaphambi kokuthi siqhubeke nokukhuluma nge-Euribor, kufanele siqonde iphuzu elibalulekile.Yiluphi uhlobo lokunikezwa kwe-interbank? Impendulo ilula ngokwentelekiso. I-Euribor Inokusebenza kokukwazi ukukhokha intela yemalimboleko eyenziwa yizikhungo zamabhange, icacisa ukuthi yizimalimboleko ezenziwa phakathi kwazo.
Isizathu sokuthi kudingekile ukuthi amabhange abolekane ngemali ukuze akwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi kukhona solvency yohlelo lwe-interbank. Ngale ndlela, kufanele kube khona izindlela ezingalawula futhi zibale nokuthi iyiphi inzalo okufanele ibuyiswe yimalimboleko. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inzalo kufanele ikhokhwe, inani elibizwa nge-premium premium kumele limbozwe.
Futhi yiningoba i-Euribor iyehluka? Isizathu esikhulu ukuthi phakathi kwamabhange kunezinga lokuthembana abanalo phakathi kwabo; Yidatha efana nokuxazululwa kwemali, izitatimende zemali engenayo, nezitatimende zokuhamba kwemali okunquma ukuthi ibhange lingathemba malini ukuthi elinye linamandla okubuyisa imali mboleko ngaphandle kwenkinga. Ngenxa yalokhu, ibhange ngalinye lisetha isilinganiso salo senzalo uma linikezwa imininingwane eliyitholile; Kepha ukuze unikeze umbono wokuziphatha okujwayelekile kwamabhange, kwenziwa isilinganiso sezibalo sezinga lenzalo yamabhange amakhulu angama-50 eYurophu.
Kuze kube manje konke kuzwakala kuthakazelisa kakhulu, kepha mhlawumbe kungafanele kakhulu kubantu abajwayelekile, kepha iqiniso ukuthi kuthinta abantu abajwayelekile namabhange ngokwabo, ake sibone isizathu salokhu.
Ukubaluleka kwe-Euribor
I-Euribor Besivele sikuqonda njengezinga lenzalo okufanele ibhange lihlangabezane nayo maqondana nemalimboleko eyenziwe elinye ibhange. Kepha ibhange elicele imalimboleko liyithathaphi imali yokukhokha inzalo? Impendulo ivela kubasebenzisi bokugcina bemali eshiwo, ukuthi singabantu abacela ukubolekwa ebhange, ngaphezu kwakho konke kubalulekile kulabo abacela imali mboleko yezindlu.
Ukuze ibhange likwazi ukuqiniseka ukuthi lizoba nesixazululo sokukhokhela izindleko ezidalwe yimalimboleko eceliwe kwelinye ibhange, lenza lokhu ukubalwa kwesilinganiso senzalo yemali mboleko esuselwa ku-Euribor. Ngale ndlela, ibala isilinganiso ngokusebenzisa i-Euribor ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma kwezinye izikhathi kuye onyakeni owodwa.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi ibhange lizohlinzeka umsebenzisi wokugcina, inani lenzalo yemali mboleko elisekelwe ku Inani le-Euribor lokho kuyasebenza; ukuze, uma lokhu kuphakeme, kukhuphuke izinga lenzalo elizosetshenziswa. Leli phuzu libaluleke kakhulu kulabo abacela ukubolekwa kwamazinga okuguquguquka, ngoba kulezi zimo isilinganiso senzalo esivela kwimalimboleko yakho sizothinteka ngokuhle noma kabi, okwenza ukuthi ukhokhe inzalo ethe xaxa noma encane.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukunikela imali yomsebenzisi wokugcina, ibhange livame ukusebenzisa ukusabalala okuhamba phakathi kuka-0 no-1,5; Okuzochaza lo mehluko yizinkinga ezimbili eziyinhloko; into yokuqala yiphrofayili yezomnotho yeklayenti. Isizathu sokuthi lokhu kuthonye umehluko kuyisizathu esifanayo sokuthi kungani isilinganiso se-interbank sihluka, ukwethenjwa ibhange elinalo kumsebenzisi kuzocacisa kakhulu ukuthi ngabe kungezwa umehluko omkhulu noma omncane.
Isici sesibili esinomthelela esinqumweni sokusakazeka okufanele sisebenze ngumthamo wokuxoxisana womsebenzisi, futhi yize kubonakala kungenakwenzeka, empeleni kunezimpikiswano ezithile esingazisebenzisa ukuze sinciphise ukusabalala okuzosetshenziswa. .
Ngamafuphi, kubalulekile ukuthi uma sine- credit mortgage noma uma sicabanga ukuyicela eyodwa, kufanele sihlale sikhumbula ukuthi ukulingiswa okwenziwe ngesikweletu sethu akunakwethenjelwa noma kunembile; ngoba izibalo zenziwa nsuku zonke, ukuze kuthi, uma i-Euribor inyuka, inani okumele silikhokhele imali ebanjiswayo lizobiza kakhulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma i-Euribor incipha, isilinganiso sethu naso sizokwehla.
Esinye isizathu esenza inikezwe ukunakwa okukhethekile kunani le-Euribor ukuthi isetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokubala inani lemikhiqizo ethile yezezimali. Isibonelo, leli nani lisetshenziswa njengesethenjwa sanoma iluphi uhlobo lwemikhiqizo etholakele efana nemali engenayo yesikhathi esizayo, noma i-swaps, kanye nezivumelwano kuwo wonke amazinga wenzalo ezayo.
Ngaphandle kokungabaza i I-Euribor iyinkomba ebalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu, kokubili kohulumeni nezikhungo zezezimali, kanye nabantu abavamile. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi njengabasebenzisi bokugcina sazi ukuthi sivelaphi nokuthi sisithinta kanjani empilweni yansuku zonke. Kepha inemikhawulo?
Umkhawulo omkhulu wale nkomba yezezimali ukuthi usebenza kuphela emabhange angaphansi kwe-European Union, ukuze kuthi uma sifuna ukwenza ukubalwa kwesinye isifunda kuzofanele sisebenzise inkomba esetshenziswa yileyo ndawo. Ukwenza isibonelo, ukuze sikwazi ukwenza izibalo e-United Kingdom, ireferensi okufanele siyisebenzise ILIBORI, enomsebenzi ofanayo ne-Euribor, kodwa endaweni yaseLondon.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi sicabangele ukuthi ukuze sikwazi ukuqhathanisa impilo yezezimali yesifunda esithile maqondana nesinye kungenzeka ukuthi siqhathanise ukunikezwa kwaso phakathi kwamabhange; imvamisa okunye kokuqhathanisa okujwayelekile noma izinkomba yi lokho kwe-Euribor nge-LIBOR.
Ukuphathwa kwe-Euribor
Ngaphandle kokuthi uhlelo lonke lwenzelwe ukusebenza ukuze kusizakale izikhungo kanye nabasebenzisi bokugcina, kube nezikhathi lapho izifiso zabantu abathile zingenelele ngendlela yokuthi Amanani we-Euribor, Ukwazi okuncane ngalo mlando kuzosisiza ukuthi siqonde kangcono ubuthakathaka balesi simiso. Futhi kulungiswe kanjani okwenzekile esikhathini esedlule.
Kusukela ngonyaka we-1999 lapho i-Euribor iqala ukusebenza, kwaze kwaba ngu-2012 konke kukhombisa ukuthi i-Euribor yayifanele, kodwa-ke, kwaba ngoFebhuwari 22 lapho abameli ababili abaziwayo bakhuza khona ukuthi kukhona ukungahambi kahle uhlobo lwesibambiso ukubeka ukugcizelela okukhethekile ku-Euribor; Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi sikhalazo ukuthi akekho owayehlola ukwakheka kwayo, ngakho-ke i-Euribor yahlala izwela ekuphatheni okungenzeka.
Futhi empeleni ngo-2011 bekuvulwe uphenyo mayelana nokukhohlisa okungenzeka kwenzeke; Icala le-Euribor alihlukanisiwe, kepha izikhungo zebhange nazo zahlawuliswa kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, njengeCanada, lapho iHSBC, iJPMorgan, iRoyal Bank, phakathi kwabanye, yahlawuliswa.
Ukuqedwa kophenyo kwagcina ngokukhokhiswa izinhlawulo ngamabhange ahlukene, izinhlawulo ezabalelwa kuma-euro ayizigidi eziyi-1.710. Amabhange ayevunyelwe ayengu-6. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, lesi simo siyadabukisa, ngoba into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izimali zabasebenzisi zathinteka ngqo yizintshisekelo zalabo ababandakanyekayo.
Umlando omncane wokuthi i-Euribor yenze kanjani usinikeza inkomba yalokho okungaba kuhle; Futhi ngukuthi eminyakeni yayo yokuqala okwabonwa ukuthi isimilo sayo sehla, nokho kwaba kuze kube ngo-2008 lapho ukwenyuka kwezinga lenzalo kwabonwa khona ngendlela enamandla; size sifinyelele inani lika-4,42%, nokuningi kakhulu uma sikuqhathanisa nezinga eliphansi lomlando walo, elatholwa ngo-2015, lapho inani lalingu-0,165% ngenyanga kaMeyi walowo nyaka. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, kuyathakazelisa ukubona indlela yokuziphatha kwangesikhathi esedlule futhi sihlaziye izimo ezibandakanye i-Euribor nokuziphatha kwayo, ukuze kuthi lapho sifuna, sikwazi ukubona futhi siqonde ukuthi kungani isilinganiso senzalo sikhombisa ukuziphatha okuthile.