Yini i-EPA

Wake wezwa nge EPA? Uyazi ukuthi yini? Yisichasiso seLabour Force Survey, esaziwa kahle, kepha ababaningi abakhumbulayo ukuthi bake babamba iqhaza kuyo.

Uma ufuna ukwazi konke okubandakanya i-EPA, kwenziwa yiphi injongo, ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi uyiqonda kanjani, khona-ke sikunikeza okhiye bokwenza lokho.

Yini i-EPA

Yini i-EPA

Njengoba sikutshelile ngaphambili, i-EPA yisichasiselo se- Inhlolovo Yomphakathi Esebenzayo. Kuyisifundo sezibalo lapho kuqoqwa khona idatha yemakethe yezabasebenzi nalapho kubalwa khona izinga lokungasebenzi.

Ngamanye amagama, sikhuluma ngombhalo osungula ukuvela kwemakethe yezabasebenzi, ehlukanisa abantu abasebenzayo (abasebenzi) kwabangasebenzi (abangasebenzi).

Uma kwenzeka ungazi, i-EPA ibikhona kusukela ngo-1964 futhi inhloso ukwazi isimo sabantu, okungukuthi, uma bematasa, bekhuthele, bengasebenzi noma bengasebenzi. Kepha akwenziwa ezigidini zabantu baseSpain, kepha kwenzelwa isampula lemindeni engama-65000 kwikota ngayinye. Ngamanye amagama, imindeni engama-200000 "iyaxoxwa" ngonyaka.

Ochwepheshe abaningi bayilinganisela njengoba kunjalo "Isibonakaliso esihle kakhulu sokwazi ukuvela kokuqashwa nokungasebenzi", Yize abanye becabanga ukuthi isiphelelwe yisikhathi, ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akunakwenzeka ukwazi ukuthi imininingwane ingeyangempela yini, ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa umsebenzi ku-B noma ezimweni lapho umuntu esebenza khona kodwa engagunyaziwe (uhlala engasebenzi kepha kuyasebenza).

Imiqondo esemqoka ye-EPA

Ukuqonda imiphumela ephuma ku-EPA, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke imiqondo eminingana esemqoka enquma ukuthi umuntu ngamunye ukuleliqembu lini. Lezi izi:

Amafa

Kungaba mayelana abantu abaneminyaka engu-16 noma ngaphezulu futhi abatholakala ngomsebenzikepha abakawutholi umsebenzi.

Kodwa-ke, bafuna umsebenzi ngenkuthalo ukuze bangene emakethe yezabasebenzi.

Ama-Ocupados

Bangabantu, futhi abayi-16 noma ngaphezulu, okwamanje abanomsebenzi. Lokho wukuthi, banikela emakethe yezabasebenzi ngomsebenzi wabo ngenhloso yokuthola umholo.

Ngokulandelayo, laba bantu bahlukaniswe ngabasebenzi abaqashiwe (abahlukaniswa nabomphakathi nabangasese), nabazisebenzelayo (abebezobe bezisebenza, osomabhizinisi bengenabo abasebenzi, abaqashi, njll.).

Okunye ukuhlukaniswa okubhekwayo ukuthi ngabe umuntu usebenza ngokugcwele noma itoho.

Abangasebenzi

Leli qembu lizofaka phakathi abantu abaneminyaka engu-16 noma ngaphezulu abangasebenzi njengamanje, ayatholakala futhi afuna ngentshiseko umsebenzi.

Kungani bethathwa njengabangasebenzi futhi abangasebenzi? Yebo, ngoba badlula kunoma iyiphi yalezi zimo ezilandelayo:

  • Baye ehhovisi eliqasha umphakathi ukuze bathole umsebenzi.
  • Baye ehhovisi lokuqashwa elizimele beyofuna umsebenzi.
  • Bayasebenza ekuthumeleni izicelo zabo zemisebenzi engaba khona.
  • Baphendule ngokuthunyelwa kwemisebenzi.
  • Babambe iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokukhetha abasebenzi.
  • Babheke ukwenza.
  • Banomsebenzi abalinde ukujoyina.

Akusebenzi

Ekugcineni, abangasebenzi bathathwa yi-EPA njengabantu abaneminyaka engu-16 noma ngaphezulu abangafakiwe kwezinye izigaba.

Eqinisweni, bangaba ngabantu abangenawo umsebenzi kepha abangawufuni nawo.

Yini inhloso ye-EPA

Yini inhloso ye-EPA

Njengoba kusungulwe ku-Labour Force Survey, izinjongo ezilandelwa yi-EPA Yilezi:

«Yazi umsebenzi wezomnotho maqondana nengxenye yawo yomuntu. Kuhloselwe ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ngezigaba zabantu ezisemqoka maqondana nemakethe yezabasebenzi (eqashiwe, engasebenzi, esebenzayo, engasebenzi) nokuthola ukuhlukaniswa kwale mikhakha ngokwezici ezahlukahlukene. Futhi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwenza uchungechunge lwesikhathi semiphumela ehambisanayo. Okokugcina, njengoba izincazelo nezindlela ezisetshenziswayo zihambisana nalezo ezisungulwe izinhlangano zomhlaba ezibhekene nezinkinga zabasebenzi, kuvumela ukuqhathaniswa nedatha evela kwamanye amazwe.

Imiphumela eningiliziwe iyatholwa eqenjini lesizwe. Emiphakathini ezimele kanye nasezifundazweni, ulwazi lunikezwa ngezici eziyinhloko ngezinga lokuhlukaniswa okuvunyelwe yi-coefficient of variation of the estimators ”.

Ngamanye amagama, inhloso yayo ukwazi ukuthi yiliphi iqembu labantu elisebenzayo, eliqashiwe, elingasebenzi futhi elingasebenzi.

Njengoba kuchaziwe

Yini i-EPA

Ukuqonda ukuthi i-EPA isebenza kanjani, into yokuqala okufanele uyazi ukuthi Izindlela ezilandelwayo yilezo ezichazwe yi-International Labour Organisation (I LO). Njengoba sikutshelile ngaphambili, kwenziwa njalo ngekota eqenjini labantu lemindeni engama-65000. Iminyaka kufanele ibe phakathi kweminyaka eyi-16 nengama-74 ubudala. Bonke abantu bale minyaka “babophezelekile” ukusebenzisana ngokunikeza imininingwane eyiyo.

Manje, uma bonke abantu emndenini benqaba leyo ngxoxo yokuqala, lelo qembu lomndeni lingashintshwa ngomunye. Kepha uma lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kwaleyo ngxoxo yokuqala, kuzobe kuphoqelelwa ukuthi baphendule ngemuva kwesikhashana (emakota amathathu alandelayo).

Ngabe lokho kusho ukuthi singazincisha? Yebo, ngaso sonke isikhathi kwinhlolokhono yokuqala nangokwenqaba ngazwi linye okuvela emndenini wonke. Vele, kufanele ugcwalise uhlu lwemibuzo olungeluhle.

Labo abamukela inhlolokhono badlula ochungechungeni lwezinhlolovo. Owokuqala wenziwa mathupha futhi uqobo, wenziwa ngababuza imibuzo abavela ku-INE (National Institute of Statistics) kanti ezinye zingenziwa mathupha noma ngocingo).

Ngalokhu, umuntu ngamunye uyacelwa ube neviki ngaphambi kwenhlolokhono njengesikhathi sokubhekisela.

Imininingwane ihlala yenziwa esidlangalaleni ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, Januwari, Ephreli noJulayi, inikezela ngemininingwane enemininingwane yabantu.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukuthi yini i-EPA okulula ukuyiqonda. Empeleni, ezimpilweni zethu zonke kungenzeka ukuthi, ngesikhathi esithile, uthole ukuthi wakhethwa yi-INE ukuthi ube yingxenye yeLabour Force Survey, uyasikhumbula leso sikhathi? Hlobo luni lwemibuzo abakubuze yona? Ungaphinda uhlanganyele naye?


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.