Abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi bathola ukwethuka okuhle lapho bebona ukuthi inkomba yezinkomba yemakethe kazwelonke, i-Ibex-35, ihlupheka ngokuwa kwamanani ayo, okuncane kakhulu kunalokho okungacatshangwa kuze kube yizinyanga ezimbalwa ezedlule. Ngokuqondile, Ukwehla kwezimakethe zamasheya zaseSpain ekuqaleni konyaka omusha kucishe kube ngu-10%. Umuntu kuzodingeka abuyele emuva emashumini amaningi eminyaka ukuze aqinisekise ukuqala konyaka okudumazayo konyaka imali engenayo, nezinombolo ezibomvu kuwo wonke amanani, ngaphandle kokukhetha.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi akusona isimo esikodwa, kepha kuthinta konke ukuhwebelana kwamasheya emhlabeni wonke, kusukela e-Atlantic kuya ePacific. Ngendlela ebheke mpo, futhi ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi ukuphefumula kunoma yikuphi ukubuyela emuva lapho imisebenzi ingavalwa khona ukugwema ububi obukhulu. Njengamanje, lokho abatshalizimali abafuna ukukwazi ukuthi kungukunyakaza okukodwa, noma ngokuphambene nalokho, kunguquko yesimo esiqondile esizoqhubeka kulo nyaka wonke.
Noma kunjalo, izinga lokulinganisa lesizwe yilona elishayeke kakhulu, futhi liwa ngamandla amakhulu kunezinye izimakethe zamasheya, ngenxa yokwethuka nokukhathazeka kwabantu abathathe izikhundla ezimakethe zezimali. Akumangalisi ukuthi abonga imali belahlekelwa yimali eningi ekutshalweni kwabo ezinyathelweni zakuqala zika-2016, futhi babonakala kakhulu kweminye imikhakha kunakwamanye: amabhange, izimboni kanye no-oyela kuthwala kakhulu, ukwehla okubalelwa ku-15%.
Ukusebenza okubi kakhulu kwe-Ibex
Okucacayo ukuthi inkomba yokuma kwezimakethe zamasheya zaseSpain yenza kabi kakhulu kunezinye ezisendaweni yayo esheshayo. Leli qiniso liholela abatshalizimali ukuthi bavale izikhundla zabo kumasheya, noma ngisho uyidlulisele kwezinye izimakethe zamasheya ezingasengozini okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kutholakale isimo sangempela samasheya aseSpain, kuzodingeka ukucacisa ukuthi kungani sikwenza ngale ndlela, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke yiziphi izinguquko ezinquma ukuvela kwazo ezimakethe.
Akunasizathu esisodwa sokuchaza lesi simo esingesihle, kodwa kungenxa yezici ezahlukahlukene, futhi zemvelo ehlukahlukene, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngabahlaziyi bezezimali abahlonishwa kakhulu. Futhi lokho kungeze konke, kuthonya ukuthi i-Ibex-35 iseduze nesithiyo samaphoyinti angama-8.000, lapho ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule iphakanyiswe buthule ngamaphoyinti ayi-10.000. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ubuthakathaka buqhubeka ekukhetheni, ochwepheshe abayeki ukuthi intengo yayo ingaze ikhuphuke ize ifike kumaphuzu azungeze i-7.200.
Kunoma yikuphi, imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ilahlekelwe kakhulu emasontweni okuqala onyakeni kunakuwo wonke unyaka ka-2015, cishe ukuphinda kabili ukulahleka. Ngokuphefumula okuncane, lapho abathengisi bewina umdlalo phezu kwabathengi ngokucacile okuphelele, futhi njengoba bekungenzekanga isikhathi eside. Akumangalisi ukuthi ibuyela emazingeni angakaze abonwe eminyakeni emithathu eyedlule, futhi kungadingeka ukubuyela eminyakeni embi kakhulu yenkinga yezomnotho ukuthola amanani aphansi kakhulu emakethe yamasheya aseSpain.
Ukungazinzi kwezepolitiki
Kungezinye zezici, ngaphandle kokungabaza, okwenza ukuthi izimali zaseSpain ziwe nalobu bunzima obungenzeki njalo. Ukungaqiniseki kokwakha uhulumeniNoma amathuba evulekile ukuthi ukhetho luphindwe entwasahlobo ezayo, kuyethusa abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe, futhi abantu bezwe abanqumi ukuthatha izikhundla ezimakethe. I-cocktail eqhumayo engasizi nhlobo ezimakethe.
Lesi ngesinye sezincazelo zokuthola ukuthi kungani imakethe yamasheya kuzwelonke yenza okubi kakhulu kunezinye ezisendaweni yayo yemvelo: iDax, iCac-40 noma iLondon Footsie 100. Isaphulelo lapho amasheya aso abhalwe khona cishe siyi-5% maqondana nalezi zimakethe zase-Europe. Kwanele ukukhumbula ukuthi phakathi no-2015 lezi zivaliwe ziluhlaza okotshani, zathola phakathi kuka-3% no-10%, kanti i-Ibex-35 ibingomunye wabambalwa (kanye nemakethe yamasheya yamaGrikhi) ebisendaweni engeyinhle, ngokwehla 7%.
Kodwa-ke, futhi ngenxa yalezi zizathu, abanye abahlaziyi bezimakethe bakholelwa ukuthi lapho ukungaqiniseki okubamba umnotho waseSpain sekuqediwe, inkomba yayo yesitoko kungaba ngomunye walabo abanohambo olude ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo (noma iminyaka), futhi angenza kangcono kakhulu kunokushintshana kodade ngaphakathi kweMonetary Union. Isaphulelo esicaphuna ngaso singaphezu kokuzazisa ezinyangeni ezedlule.
Ubuthakathaka obukhulu enkombeni yakho
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Ibex-35, ingenye yama-indices enobuthakathaka obukhulu kunabo bonke. Izizathu zicace bha, ezinyangeni ezedlule azikwazanga ukwehlisa noma yikuphi ukumelana nokubaluleka. Futhi kunalokho, idlule izisekelo ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Kuqala ngamaphuzu angama-9.500 9.000, kwathi kamuva kwayi-XNUMX. Njengomphumela walo mkhuba, ukuthengisa kucacisiwe ngokusobala ekuthengeni. Futhi okubi kakhulu, akukabikho okukhombisa ukuthi umhlabathi wakhe lapho kuzowa khona.
Eqinisweni, abathengi bayindlala, futhi kuphela okunye ukuthenga okwenziwayo - ngokuqagela - ukusizakala ngamanani aphansi lapho amasheya adayiswa khona. Emisebenzini yesikhashana emifushane eqondiswa ngabashintshi abaphambili bamazwe, hhayi ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Lokhu, ngenxa yobuthakathaka obukhona ezimakethe, balindile, kungaba ukuthi izinto zithuthuke, noma bathenge ngamanani aphansi.
Isimo esibi kakhulu esabantu, njengecala lakho, abasesimakethe. Awunakho ukukhetha okuningi ukuxazulula inkinga yakho. Kuphakathi kokuthi balinda ukuthi amanzi abuyele kokujwayelekile, noma bavele bathengise amasheya abo ngokukhubazeka. Kuyinkinga evela ngaphambi kokwesaba ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kungaba kubi kakhulu phakathi nezikhathi zokuhweba ezilandelayo.
Ukwehla kweshayina
Akuzona zonke izinkinga zenkomba yesitoko sikazwelonke ezifuywayo. Hhayi kancane. Enye yezinto ezikhathaza kakhulu emhlabeni ukuthi Umnotho waseChina wenza ukufika kanzimaNgamanye amagama, ukuthi izinkinga zayo zikhulu kakhulu kunalezo ezikhonjiswe kwimininingwane yayo emikhulu ye-macroeconomic. Kungaba umsuka wokwehla komnotho okusha futhi okubucayi emhlabeni wonke, futhi lokho kungaletha imiphumela emibi kakhulu kuzo zonke izimakethe zamasheya, ngaphandle kokukhishwa.
Ukuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kwale nkinga, kwanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi, ngokokuqala ngqa selokhu kwavela inkinga yezimali yamazwe omhlaba, umnotho waseChina ubhalise ukukhula ngekota edlule cishe ngama-6% ngokwemininingwane esanda kuhlinzekwa yiNational Statistics Office yezwe lase-Asia. Futhi kunoma yikuphi, kungaphansi kokulindelwe kwemakethe.
Okunye ukusabela kokuqala kufike, njengoba bekungeke kube kuncane, kusuka ezimakethe zamasheya eziwile, ngokuphahlazeka kwezinye izikhathi. Ukusika umkhuba oya phezulu ababekade behamba ngawo iminyaka emine. Akumangalisi ukuthi kukhona ukwesaba ukuthi idatha yangempela izoba yimbi kakhulu, futhi ngisho Akunqatshelwe ukuthi ibhamuza laseChina elisabekayo lingaqhuma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ukube bekunjalo, bekungaba yigalelo elibi kuzo zonke izimakethe zamasheya, kube nemiphumela emibi ezinkampanini ezibalwe ohlwini.
Ngabe izikhwama zihumusha ini?
Uma usuneminyaka eminingi utshalomali, kufanele ukwazi lokho izimakethe zamasheya zilindele, ngezinyanga ezimbalwa, izimo ezintsha zezomnotho. Lokhu bekulokhu kunjalo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwayo okude. Empeleni, ixwayise ngokuqala kwezinkinga ezinkulu, ukwehla kwamandla emali kanye nezimo eziphikisanayo emnothweni wezwe.
Ihlale ingaphambili, futhi ingaphambi kwemicimbi ngobukhulu bemvelo, okunciphisa ukuthathwa kwezikhundla ezimakethe ngabatshalizimali abathengisa. Ngokungabi nemininingwane edingekayo yokwenza imisebenzi yayo emikhulu ezimakethe zezimali.
Ngokwalo mbono, kunamazwi amaningi ahlonishwayo axwayisa ukuthi okwenzekayo njengamanje ngokushintshana ngamasheya, ngukuthi banciphisa ukwehla kwamandla omnotho okusha ezingeni lomhlaba jikelele. Ngalesi sizathu, le mithombo ikhomba ukuthi, amanani ezabelo angahle azehle kakhulu eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, nasekuphelelweni yithemba kwabatshalizimali abanephothifoliyo yezokuphepha, njengoba kungenzeka kube kuwe.
I-International Monetary Fund (IMF) yehlise amathuba ayo okukhula komnotho emhlabeni wonke ngonyaka wezi-2015 nowezi-2016. Lesi sikhungo, empeleni, sehlise ukuqagela kwaso emhlabeni wonke ngamashumi ayishumi. Esho emithonjeni yabezindaba ukuthi "senza izibikezelo zethu ngesikhathi lapho umnotho womhlaba usempambanweni yamandla okungenani amathathu anamandla." Enye yazo isuselwe ekunciphiseni umnotho kwe-giant yase-Asia.
Njengoba ubhekene nalesi simo esikhathazayo, akufanele uziveze kulondolozo lwakho oluya emalini. Okungenani kuzofanele ulinde izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuthi i-panorama, eseSpain nasemhlabeni wonke, isuswe. Kufanele ube kwisikweletu ukuze usebenzise amathuba ebhizinisi lokho kuzokwethulwa nakanjani kuwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, nalapho ungakulindelanga.
Uma kunalokho, ubeke imali oyilondolozile emakethe yamasheya, isimo sizophikisana kakhulu nezintshisekelo zakho. Kungaphuza kancane ukwenza ukuthengisa kube semthethweni, kepha futhi kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi amanani entengo angaba phansi kakhulu kuzikhathi zokuhweba ezilandelayo. Kunoma ikuphi, inkinga ozoba nayo ngokuqinisekile, nokuthi Ungakhokha kuphela ngokuya ngephrofayili oyinikelayo njengomtshalizimali okudayisa.