Isifundo esisodwa abatshalizimali okufanele basifunde ekuweni kwezimakethe zokulingana ngemuva kwesifo se-coronavirus ukuthi akufanele benze amaphutha esikhathi esedlule. Futhi lokho kubenze balahlekelwa yingxenye enhle yemali yabo abayitshalile esikhathini esifushane kakhulu, njengoba izimakethe zamasheya zehle ngo isilinganiso esingu-41%. Ikakhulu, uma kunikezwe ukubonakala kwesitezi esivimba ukuwa okungazelelwe nokuqondile amasheya abhekane nakho kulezi zinsuku zomlando. Lapho emasontweni ambalwa edlule konke bekuyinjabulo kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Kepha noma ezimeni ezingezinhle njengalesi esibhekene nazo, kumele zisuswe iziphetho ezinhle. Futhi lokhu kufanele kube okunye kokuncanyelwayo kusukela manje kuqhubeke: ukwakha iphothifoliyo yokutshala imali ngokufunda emaphutheni. Akumangalisi ukuthi enye yezindlela zokufunda ezweni eliyimali elihlale liyinkimbinkimbi ngokufunda emaphutheni ethu adlule futhi manje sesisesikhashana esisebenza ukufeza leli su elikhethekile. Akekho owayengacabanga ukuthi kulo nyaka sizofinyelela kulesi simo esingesihle. Kwezinye izimo ngoba ukuthengisa kwenziwe ngokulahleka okuningi esitatimendeni semali engenayo nakwabanye ngoba simiswe nje yizikhundla zethu.
Uma isifundo singadonselwa ikusasa, kungukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kumele kube njalo okuhlukahlukene ngaphezu kolunye uchungechunge lwezinto ezibhekwayo, njengoba besilokhu sixwayisa eminyakeni yamuva ngalokho okungenzeka. Ngoba izimakethe zokulingana azizukukhuphuka njalo, njengoba kwenzekile kusukela ngo-2012, ngezikhathi ezithile zokulungiswa kwamanani nokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngoba ekugcineni kosuku sikhuluma ngemakethe yamasheya, ngokuhle nokubi lolu hlobo lokutshala imali olunalo kubo bonke abasebenzisi. Futhi ngeshwa sekufikile idada elimnyama okungekho muntu othembele kulo, ngisho nabahlaziyi abahlonishwa kakhulu ezimakethe zezezimali. Kepha sikulesi simo esisha futhi akungabazeki ukuthi kufanele sisabele.
Iphothifoliyo yotshalo-mali: ukuphepha okuningi
Isifundo sokuqala esizotholwa kulesi simo esisha ubhadane lwe-coronavirus esinikeze lona ukuthi akufanele ubekwe enanini elilodwa lemakethe yamasheya. Uma kungenjalo, ngokuphambene nalokho, inhlokodolobha kufanele isatshalaliswe noma isatshalaliswe phakathi kwezinkampani eziningi ezisohlwini. Ngenhloso yokunciphisa ukuwa esikubonayo kulezi zinsuku ezinzima kubo bonke abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Izinga lapho abatshalizimali abebethathe izikhundla khona IAG babone ukonga kwabo kushabalala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje. Ngokusuka entengo esondele kwayisishiyagalombili ngesabelo ngasinye iye ngaphansi kancane kwama-euro amabili futhi kube nengozi yokuthi ngeke iphinde ibhalwe ohlwini ezimakethe zezimali ngenxa yobuzwe bayo.
Ngaphakathi kwalesi simo emnothweni wamazwe omhlaba, alikho iqiniso elincane lokuthi lezi zingqinamba zingcono ngokuhlukahluka kwiphothifoliyo yezokuphepha. Ukuzama ukukhetha imikhakha ehlukene yamasheya lapho izivikela kungafanele neze zintuleke khona. Ngalo mqondo, kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa utshalomali ku- olinganiselayo futhi uqinile nezidingo zethu ezithile. Lapho iphrofayili yokuhaha ezama ukuthola izinzuzo ezinkulu zemali ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu kungafanele ibuse. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kuyadingeka ukukhetha izibambiso ezakha inani futhi ezikhuluma ngezindlela zebhizinisi ezizinzile ezingasabalalisa nezabelo phakathi kwabaninizabelo.
Suka ezikhathini ezibekiwe ezimfushane
Akungabazeki ukuthi ukwakha iphothifoliyo yokutshala imali kusuka emaphutheni kusuka manje kuqhubeke, okuningi kakhulu kufanele kusethwe maqondana nokuhlala unomphela. Ngomqondo wokuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali emakethe yamasheya kufanele kufinyelelwe kulokho okuyikho ngempela, ukutshalwa kwezimali phela. Akuyona imisebenzi yokuqagela njengoba kubhekwa abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abanolaka kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali. Leli qiniso ekugcineni lingaba namanye imiphumela emibi ngezintshisekelo zala maprofayili ngabasebenzisi. Ukuqagela emakethe yamasheya kungahle kube nengqondo ukwenza umsebenzi othile, kepha njengomkhuba ojwayelekile kubo bonke ngoba ekuhambeni kwesikhathi wonke amavoti okufanele ulahlekelwe.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, singekhohlwe ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kungathunyelwa njengecebo lokuthuthukisa ukonga. Ngesikhwama sokonga esizinzile esibheke phakathi nendawo futhi ikakhulukazi isikhathi eside, noma ukuxazulula esinye isikhathi esiyinkimbinkimbi ngokuzayo noma njengokuncoma kokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Kepha akukho okunye. Akumangalisi ukuthi singachayeka emnothweni wempi ngokungangabazeki ozothinta izimakethe zokulingana kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Esinye sezihluthulelo zokusebenza ngempumelelo ukuwaqondisa isikhathi eside kunanini ngaphambili. Ngaleli qhinga, kuzogwenywa izimanga ezithile ezingadala izinkinga zemali.
Ukuhlola izimakethe ezintsha
Ngisho nasezimeni ezingezinhle kakhulu, ngeshwa kulapho sihlala khona, amathuba ebhizinisi wangempela athanda ukuvela. Ngalesi sizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola izimakethe ezintsha zokutshala izimali kuze kube manje ebezingakafundwa ngabatshalizimali abaningi abancane nabaphakathi. Ngokuqondene nesibonelo, lokho kwe izinto zokusetshenziswa noma izinsimbi eziqondile ikakhulukazi ngoba bavame ukusebenza njengeziphephelo ezimeni ezingazinzile kakhulu ezimakethe zendabuko zokulingana. Lapho ukonga kungenziwa kusetshenziswe kangcono kunokusebenzisa iziteshi ezivamile. Kepha lokho kuqoqa ingxenye enkulu yokugeleza kwemali yizikhwama ezinkulu zokuphatha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi maqondana negolide, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi lingazuza ku inzalo ephansi zombili ngakolunye uhlangothi nolunye lwe-Atlantic. Ngalo mqondo, amazinga wenzalo aphansi kakhulu futhi amathemba awakhuphuki kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, izindleko zamathuba ziye zehliswa kakhulu futhi uma singeza kulokho izindleko zokwenza ukuthengiselana ngesikweletu kanye nengozi engaba khona yokutshalwa kwemali kwesikhathi eside ngejika lesivuno ngokuphelele, lezi izizathu ezanele ukuqala ukucabanga ukuthi i-Central Amabhange azokhawulela ukuthengiswa kwawo kwegolide kuze kube sezingeni eliphakeme futhi kunengqondo ngisho nokucabanga ukuthi angaba abathengi bezimali ngenxa yezici ezinjengokuvikelwa kumanani emali.
Qaphela izisekeli
Elinye isu lokutshala imali lincike ekusebenzeni kakhulu ekuqapheleni ukutshalwa kwezimali kwethu. Uma lokhu kusetshenziswa ngokuyimpumelelo, ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kakhulu kungagwenywa esitatimendeni sethu semali engenayo, yize iqiniso lokuthi manje le nhlangano ibishesha kakhulu futhi ithuthukise wonke amanxusa ezezimali. Ngokombono, nini ukusekelwa kubhola, khona-ke intengo ivame ukwehla kakhulu: isitoko siphule isithiyo esitholakale ekwehleni kwaso, futhi uma sesidlulile, siwela ngokukhululeka, yingakho inani lokuthengisa kufanele lilungiswe nezinga lokusekela. Lapho ukumelana sekunqotshiwe, ngakolunye uhlangothi, intengo nayo ivame ukukhuphuka ngokuqinile. Yimithelela enayo ngqo enanini lesibambiso noma inkomba futhi okufanele ibhekwe njalo ngumtshalizimali ukusizakala ngokusebenza kwabo.
Izinga lokusekela (ukumelana) liyaqina njengoba intengo isuka kude nayo ngemuva kokuhlolwa. Uma intengo ihlangana ngo-10% ngemuva kokuhlola ukusekelwa, kubhekwa njengamandla kunokuthi ngabe ihlangane kuphela, ngokwesibonelo, i-6%. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sikhumbula ukuthi impendulo yezimakethe zokulingana emhlabeni wonke izoncika ezingeni lokutakula emnothweni wamazwe omhlaba. Ukufika lapho abahlaziyi abahlukahlukene bezezimali baphakamisa izimo ezahlukahlukene ekuxazululeni le nkinga yezomnotho yokubaluleka okukhethekile kubo bonke.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, esinye isihluthulelo sokwakha iphothifoliyo yokutshala imali ngokufunda emaphutheni ukuba nemali ethe xaxa kulondolozo lwethu noma ekuhloleni i-akhawunti. Hhayi nje kuphela ukusinda ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali, kepha ukusebenzisa amathuba ebhizinisi izimakethe ezizonikeza wona kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke. Ngenhloso yokunciphisa imiphumela yezinkinga zezomnotho nezamasheya, njengoba kwenzeka manje. Lapho ungeke wazi ukuthi yisiphi isinqumo esihle kakhulu sokuvikela imali yethu. Kepha ngokushintsha kwemikhuba yethu maqondana nezwe lemali, kungasisiza ukufeza lezi zinhloso esizifisayo kakhulu. Njengoba kungukuthi phela lesi sigaba simayelana nalolu hlobo lwezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Sisenesikhathi sokushintsha amasu ethu okutshala imali.