Izimali zokutshala imali zibe ngelinye lamathuluzi ezimali akhethwayo kubatshalizimali abancane ukwenza ukonga kwabo kube nenzuzo. Ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula nangenxa yenzuzo ephansi evezwe yimikhiqizo emikhulu yasebhange (amadiphozithi, amanothi ezethembiso zasebhange, izikweletu zomphakathi, amabhondi kazwelonke, njll.), Unikezwe intengo eshibhile yemali yi-European Central Bank (ECB). Abanikeli imbuyiselo eyanele yezintshisekelo zakho njengabasindisi abancane, lapho bengavamile ukweqa isithiyo esincane esingu-1%.
Ubhekene nalesi simo sezimali, nezingozi ezibandakanyeka ekutshalweni kwemali kwizimali, iningi labasindisi (abavikela kakhulu), lapho ungaba nguwe, Baphendukele ekubhekeni kwezimali zokutshala imali njengefomula yokwandisa izimpahla zabo, ngaphandle kokuzibeka engcupheni eyeqile.. Ngokuyinhloko ngezizathu eziningi ezisekela ukukhethwa kwale modeli yokutshala imali.
Enye yazo yi ukuhleleka okuhle kwamafomethi ongawenza abe semthethweni kusuka ezikhwameni: imali engenayo engaguquki, okuguqukayo, okuxubile, nokunye okunye. Kepha bayaqhubeka, lapho izinkampani zabaphathi zibenza, ngokuvikelwa okukhulu nentshisekelo ukuze babhaliswe iklayenti njengakwakho. Kusuka kokuguquguqukayo, kuye kwi-euro embozwe, nangochungechunge oluphelele lwamasu ezentengiselwano aqinisekise inani elihle labasindisi ukuthi banikele ngemali yabo.
Kuyalulekwa yini ukwenza le misebenzi?
Ngokungafani nemikhiqizo yemali engenayo engaguquki, abakuniki imbuyiselo eqinisekisiwe, ngisho nakulokho okususelwa ezimpahleni zezimali hhayi ezimakethe zezimali. Noma kunjalo, bajwayele ukukhiqiza isivuno esimaphakathi esiphakathi kuka-3% no-10% eminyakeni yamuva, kuya ngohlobo lwabo kanye nokuchayeka kuzimpahla eziyinhloko zezimali.
Futhi lokho esimweni esithile se- labo abaxhumene nezimakethe zamasheya bangakhuphuka kakhulu uma izimo zisekela. Kunoma ikuphi, kulula ukuthi wazi, hhayi ukuthi inzuzo yabo iqinisekisiwe, kepha ukuthi bangakwazi nokwenza inzuzo enkulu yemali.
Ngesikhathi Akuwona umkhiqizo onconywayo esikhathini esifushane ngohlobo lwawo uqobo, ikhomba uchungechunge lwezinzuzo ezingayenza ifaneleke kakhulu izintshisekelo zakho, uma ufuna ukuthola inzuzo kulokho okulondoloze impilo yakho yonke. Ngokuvamile zitholakala ezimweni zazo ezikhethekile zenkontileka, futhi zifinyelela ekwelashweni okungcono kwentela ngokudluliswa okwenzayo phakathi kwazo. Esikhundleni salokho, ukuzithengisa nokubhekana nezindleko, ungakudlulisela kwezinye izimali, ukuze uxazulule ukusebenza ngaphandle kwezimali ezikhokhelwa imali.
Kepha into ethakazelisa kakhulu kuwe akuyona inzuzo abangayenza ngokuqasha kwabo, kepha ukulondolozwa kwemali okuhle ongakuthola uma wazi ukuphatha kahle. Futhi lokho kuthinta womabili amakhomishini abo nokudluliswa okungenziwa phakathi kwabo.
Ngisho namabhange amaningi akunikeza ithuba lokusebenzisa okuhle okuthakazelisayo okunikezwayo kokuphromotha kokuletha imali evela kwezinye izinhlangano, ngisho nokuphakamisa ukheshi ukuze wamukele ukuhlinzwa. Ngeke kube okuningi, kepha ngokuqinisekile uzoba nokudingayo ukuze uzikhokhele kancane.
Ukusuka ekulondolozeni abaphathi bayo, ekuqedeni amakhomishini amakhulu ngezinye zezinzuzo ezitholakala ngokuqashwa kwayo. Futhi ikakhulukazi uma ziqhathaniswa neminye imikhiqizo, zombili kumasheya (imakethe yamasheya, ama-warrant, ama-derivatives, njll.) Kanye nemali engenayo engaguquki (imali yesikhathi, amabhondi ezinkampani, amanothi ezethembiso zebhange, njll.)
Yimaphi amakhomishini okufanele ubhekane nawo esikhwameni?
Ngokungafani nokutshalwa kwemali kwendabuko, izimali ezihlanganyelanayo ungaba nekhomishini engaphezu kweyodwa Ukuthi bangakukhokhisa ngesikhathi sokwenza kube semthethweni, kuze kube yilapho kuvalwa ukusebenza kwayo. Kunoma ikuphi, awukwazi ukususa eyodwa yazo nganoma iyiphi indlela. Imayelana nabaphathi umphathi azokukhokhisa ngokuphatha kwayo, okuzovela njalo phakathi kwemibandela yayo. Kuzoba ngamaphesenti angaguquki azosetshenziswa kakhulu enhlokodolobha oyitshalile, yize kwezinye izimo itholakala kunzuzo etholwe esikhwameni. Ihamba ebangeni elisuka ku-0,50% nangobukhulu obungu-2%, ngokuya ngemodeli ekhethiwe.
Kepha kukhona okunye okungenza lo mkhiqizo wezezimali ubize kakhulu. Futhi phakathi kokuvamile, amadiphozithi, okubhaliselwe nokubuyiselwa kwemali kuyabonakala. Kepha qaphela kakhulu kusukela muva nje kuye kwavela esinye isitembu esisha, esichazwe njengempumelelo, okungakhuphula imali yakho kuze kufike kuma-20%. Uma ufunde kahle, yize kunamaphesenti amakhulu.
Ngenxa yokwehla kwentengo yale mikhiqizo, abaphathi bazamile ukunika amakhasimende ukuzethemba okukhulu ngaleli zinga. Ngokuyisisekelo iqukethe ukuthi kuzofanela uyikhokhe uma izinhloso ekusebenzeni kwazo zifezekisiwe. Ngale ndlela, uma wenza inzuzo enkulu, uzokwenza kahle kakhulu, kepha kuzofanele ubhekane nezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Ngokuphindisela, uma ungazitholi izinzuzo ngeke kudingeke ukhokhe le khomishini.
Ikhomishini yediphozithi: kuzoba yibhange ngokwalo eliyigcinayo, kepha hhayi kuzo zonke izimo, futhi kunoma yisiphi isimo ngaphansi kwamaphethelo athambile kunamanye amazinga. Kususelwa ekunakekelweni kwale mikhiqizo yasebhange.
Ikhomishini yokubhalisa: Akujwayelekile ukuthi bakhokhiswe i-akhawunti, kepha kufanele wazi ukuthi yenziwa ngesikhathi esifanele lapho wenza khona imali isikhwama esikhokhelwayo, okungukuthi, ekuqaleni kokusebenza, futhi inani laso aliphezulu kakhulu .
Ikhomishini yokubuyiselwa imali: kuyinani elivelayo lapho imali ebuyisiwe ibuyiselwa, futhi njengakwezinye izimo ezedlule, akuvamisile ukuthi zisetshenziswe kuwe. Njalo ngaphansi kwemikhawulo eyamukelekayo yezintshisekelo zakho.
Kunoma ikuphi, futhi yize isikhwama ngasinye sokutshala sinamakhomishini aso, lawa angeqi esikalini esiphezulu esisebenza kuzo zonke izimali zokutshala imali, noma ngabe zinjani futhi zakhiwe kanjani.
Noma kunjalo, okubanzi kakhulu yikhona okuthinta imisebenzi yokubhaliselwe neyokuhlenga, lapho bengakwazi ukukukhokhisa ngaphezu kwe-5% yenhlokodolobha oyitshala. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kokujwayelekile bahamba ngaphansi kwamaphesenti atholakalayo ephaketheni lakho: idiphozi (0,20%) nokuphathwa (2,25%).
Ungenza ukudluliswa okungenamkhawulo
Izimali zokutshala imali Akuwona umkhiqizo wokuba nayo amasonto ambalwa bese ushintshela kwenye. Akunjalo, ngoba imigomo enconyiwe yokuhlala unomphela idlula okungenani iminyaka emi-2 noma emi-3, lapho ukusebenza kwayo ekuthuthukiseni ukonga kucaca. Njengoba kushiwo ngabaphathi bale mikhiqizo yezezimali.
Nokho, kunezimo lapho kuzodingeka ushintsho olukhulu kwiphothifoliyo yokutshala imali, ukuzama ukuthi ukusebenza kwayo kuphakeme, futhi kungalungiswa kuzo zonke izimo ezikhiqizwe izimakethe zezezimali. Kunoma ikuphi, kunezimo eziningana okungenzeka ukuthi zenze le misebenzi iphumelele phakathi kwezimali zokutshala imali.
- Sibhekene nephutha elisobala kunqubo yethu yokukhetha isikhwama, futhi lokho kuzodinga ukulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi futhi okuphuthumayo okufanayo.
- Ekushintsheni kwemijikelezo yezomnotho, noma kumane nje kube okwesikhashana, okuzodinga amanye amamodeli afaneleke kakhudlwana ngesimo esisha, ngisho nokuhlukahluka kokuphathwa kwabo.
- Ezimweni, lapho ukuvela kwayo - izinyanga ezimbalwa - ayihlangabezani nokulindelwe okwenziwe, futhi ushintsho luyadingeka ekwakhiweni kwesikhwama sethu sesikhwama.
- Lapho izimo zemakethe yezezimali zidinga shintsha imodeli yokuphatha, ngokwesibonelo, ukusuka esikhwameni se-equity kuya kokungaguquki, okuxubeke kokuguquguqukayo, njll.
Ungayonga kanjani imali ekuqashweni kwakho?
Uma uphatha kahle le mikhiqizo yokutshala imali, uzothola izinzuzo eziningi, ngoba kuyimodeli evulekele kakhulu amaphrofayili ahlukahlukene osindisa. Futhi ukwazi ukuthi uzikhetha kanjani kungakongela cishe i-1% kumakhomishini.
Okunikezwayo okuhle okulethwa yile mikhiqizo kusiza nokwakha isu lokuhlangabezana nalezi zinhloso, nokuthi uzinikele kuphela ekukhetheni amamodeli amahle kakhulu ngokusebenza azokunikeza wona eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.
Kusukela kulokhu okuguqukayo, kuzodingeka ukuthi kusuka manje ungenisa uchungechunge lwamathiphu lokho kuzoba wusizo olukhulu ekwenzeni iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali. Futhi uma unanoma yimiphi imibuzo, ungabonisana nebhange lakho elijwayelekile, elinenkonzo yabachwepheshe abazoxazulula ukungabaza onakho ngalo mkhiqizo.
- Lapho ubhekene nezimali ezinezici ezifanayo, kufanele ukhethe okubandakanya amakhomishini nezindleko eziphansi kakhulu. Lo msebenzi uzokusiza ukuthi wenze inzuzo enkulu ekusebenzeni ngakunye okwenzayo.
- Hlaziya isikhwama ngasinye ngokujula, ukubheka ukuthi hlobo luni lwamakhomishini okufanele ukhokhe. Cishe ingaphezu kweyodwa, ikakhulukazi kuleyo evela kumasheya.
- Ungathola isikhwama, ngokusebenza okuhle kakhulu, lokho kuthengiswa ngaphansi kwamakhomishini amancane, cishe u-0,75%.
- Bona ukunikezwa kwezimali ezethulwe yibhange osebenza nalo, ngoba amakhomishini abo mhlawumbe awaphakeme kangako.
- Kulula lokho ube nayo yonke le mikhiqizo ongene nayo ebhange elilodwa, ngoba ngale ndlela ungenza ukudluliswa okungenamkhawulo, ngaphandle kwezindleko zezomnotho ezithakazelweni zakho.
- Kufanele wazi ukuthi amakhomishini, ngokuvamile zizokwehliswa emananini entengo yezokuphepha kwazo, futhi nangayiphi indlela kunani lomsebenzi.
- Kuzoba nenzuzo enkulu kune khetha izimali zikazwelonke, ngoba bangazuzisa ngokulinganayo, kepha ngamakhomishini athe xaxa.