Iphrimiyamu yengozi yidatha yezomnotho, ebisematheni wonke ezokuxhumana ngolwazi lwezomnotho iminyaka eminingana. Ihlanganiswe nokunyuka kwamandla emali, ukukhula komnotho, uwoyela, kanye nezikhombo zamakethe zamazwe omhlaba jikelele. Futhi lokho kwaholela ekutheni amazwe angaphandle e-European Union abe sesimweni esinzima kwezomnothoAbanye babo baze bangenelelwa yiziphathimandla zomphakathi. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngibaholele ekutheni isibalo sabo sengozi sikhuphuke ngaphezu kwamaphoyinti angama-500, nangaphezulu kakhulu kunenkinga enkulu.
Kodwa-ke, imikhakha eminingi yomphakathi ayikayazi incazelo yokuthi iyiphi imali ekhokhelwa ubungozi. Yebo, leli gama lezomnotho lingumkhawulo wenzuzo phakathi kwezwe (iSpain, i-Italy, iPortugal, i-Ireland, neFrance ...) kanye nesethenjwa (Germany). Ngenkathi isibopho saseJalimane (Bund) eminyakeni eyi-10 njengamanje ikhokha inzalo esondele ku-1,537%, iSpanishi ikububanzi obungu-2%. Umehluko odalwe yilomsebenzi njengamanje uzoba ngamaphuzu ayisisekelo ayi-145, okuyimali ekhokhwa njengamanje engcupheni yesikweletu somphakathi waseSpain.
Njengoba i-premium yengozi iphezulu izinkinga zomnotho enazo zinkulu, futhi ikakhulukazi ubunzima bayo bokuzikhokhela ezimakethe, njengoba kuye kwabonwa eminyakeni yamuva endaweni ye-euro. Akumangalisi ukuthi le parameter yezomnotho yayikuzo zonke izihloko zezindaba zabezindaba zaseSpain. Futhi-ke, ukuthi lapho amaphuzu angama-600 ehlukaniswa, kunengozi enkulu yokuthi izwe lizongenelela.
Kwanele ukukhumbula ukuthi i-premium yobungozi eGrisi nasePortugal ifinyelele emazingeni angaphezu kwamaphoyinti ayi-1.000 600. Futhi esimweni esithile seSpain emazingeni aso aphezulu, azungeze ama-2012, emuva ku-XNUMX. Ngakho-ke, sikhuluma ngemininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu emnothweni wamazwe, nokuthi kubukwa ngengilazi yokukhulisa ngabenzeli bezilinganiso nabalamuli bezezimali banoma iluphi uhlobo.
Iphrimiyamu yengozi, ingabe ingasetshenziselwa ukutshala imali?
Kodwa-ke, i-premium yengozi isibe yinto, engaphansi kokudingekayo ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lotshalo-mali, hhayi kuphela ku- imali engenayo, kepha ikakhulukazi okuphuma kokungaguquki. Ukuvela kwezimakethe zamasheya kuxhomeke kakhulu kumaphuzu ubungozi bezwe obumakwe ngomzuzu ngamunye. Ezingeni eliphakeme le-premium yayo, ukwehla ezimakethe zamasheya kukhule kakhulu, futhi okuphambene nalokho.
Njengomphumela walo mkhuba, leli qhinga elihlukile lingasetshenziswa ukwenza ukonga kwabatshalizimali abancane kube nenzuzo.. Ukuthonya izimakethe lapho ingozi inyuka noma incipha ngaphezu kwezinye ezizinzile ngokwengeziwe. Futhi lokho kungasetshenziswa kalula ngabasebenzisi abakulolu hlobo lokusebenza. Akumangalisi ukuthi kule minyaka eyedlule izinzuzo ezinkulu zitholakale ngaleli su lokutshala imali.
Omunye wemikhakha obucayi kakhulu kwi-premium yengozi, futhi kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi kube ngenye indlela, umkhakha wamabhange, futhi ngokwengeza yonke imikhakha yezezimali jikelele. Ngokushintshashintsha okuphawuleka kakhulu kuya ngokuvela kwale parameter yezomnotho ebalulekile. Futhi lokho baholele kukho amasheya abo ehla futhi abonge emazingeni asondele ku-5%, ngisho nangaphezulu ngezikhathi ezithile. Kunoma ikuphi, kuphakeme kakhulu kunalokho okuboniswe kwezinye izingxenye zamasheya. Imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ibilokhu ivezwe kakhulu kulezi zinguquko ezikhiqizwe ezimakethe zezimali. Ikakhulu lapho i-premium yakho yobungozi yeqe umkhawulo wamaphoyinti angama-400.
Ungathengisa kanjani ngale datha?
Iphrimiyamu yengozi isebenza, hhayi kuphela ukuhweba ngamasheya, kodwa kweminye imikhiqizo yezezimali, kufaka phakathi izimali zokutshala imali. Futhi kokunye okucacile okufana namabhondi womphakathi, ongawabhalisa ngqo, ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwabalamuli. Ekugcineni ukwakha iphothifoliyo ebanzi yokutshala imali ngokuya nge-premium yengozi njengento yokukhetha. Futhi konke lokhu, yize okwamanje kungaphansi kokuzinza okuthile emazingeni ethulwa amazwe amakhulu e-EU, lapho ukungazinzi kukhona ezimakethe zezezimali.
Njengomphumela waleli su, iqiniso lokuthi umehluko wezwe uncipha maqondana neJalimane ngokungangabazeki izindaba ezinhle zezomnotho, okufanele zikhuphule izimakethe zokulingana, noma okungenani zizinze. Noma kunjalo, ingasetshenziswa ngeminye imikhiqizo ehloselwe ukutshalwa kwezimali. Futhi ukuthi mhlawumbe ungaziqoqa ukuze uzame ukuthuthukisa ifa. Ayikho enye inhloso ngaphandle kokusebenzisa lesi simo.
Izimali zokutshala imali
Lokhu kuhamba kungalandwa yile mikhiqizo, ngezindlela zabo zokuthola imali ezihleliwe. Kanjani? Yebo, ngokuyisisekelo usebenzisa amasu amabili ahlukene, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kuyahambisana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphephela kwisibopho saseJalimane lapho kukhona ukukhuphuka kwesivuno sezibopho zangaphandle (Spain, Portugal, Italy, njll.). Ngalo mqondo, bekuzolungiswa njengendawo ephephile ezimakethe zezezimali. Kokumbalwa okusele kwalezi zici.
Ngakolunye, besebenzisa isivuno esiphezulu abasinikezayo, futhi lokho kubonakala ekuzinzileni kwabo. Ukuthatha, ezimeni eziningi, amathuba webhizinisi langempela kule ndawo yokutshala imali. Kunemali eningi yokutshala imali engenisa lo mkhuba, futhi lokho kungavuna izintshisekelo zakho ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.
Akumangazi kakhulu enikeza imbuyiselo yonyaka engasondela kumadijithi amabili. Noma kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhoxa ngesikhathi, okungukuthi, ukulungisa izikhundla, lapho izinhloso sezifinyelelwe. Kungenxa yokuthi lapho kufinyelelwa kula mazinga sekuvele kube nzima kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokwenza izinzuzo ezikhwameni zezimali, futhi uma ngabe kulungiswa okunzima kakhulu okungathinta iphothifoliyo oyenzile.
Indlela engcono yokugwema lezi zinkinga uku hlukanisa utshalomali kwizikhwama ezahlukahlukene zemvelo ehlukahlukene, ngisho lokho kuvela kumasheya noma ezinye izindlela ezihlukile. Kuzoba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela izintshisekelo zakho, futhi nangembuyiselo ethakazelisa kakhulu, nangaphezulu kwamanye amasu athe xaxa ekuthuthukisweni kwayo.
Izimali ezihlanganisiwe
Enye inketho ezimakethe ezikunikeza yona yinkontileka yemikhiqizo yalezi zici. Iphinde isebenze njengomphelelisi wokuhlukahluka. Kepha kulokhu, ukuhlanganisa imali engenayo engaguquki nemali engenayo eguquguqukayo. Isikweletu somphakathi esivela emazweni angaphandle (iSpain, i-Italy, iFrance, iGrisi nePortugal) akufanele sintuleke ekwakhiweni kwaso, sikuvumela ukuthi ugcwalise iziphakamiso zakho kuzimpahla eziyinhloko zezezimali. Futhi izinga likabani lobungozi elizoncika kuphrofayili yomtshali-zimali oyivezayo: ngokulingene, okuphakathi noma okunolaka. Futhi mhlawumbe nezinga lobungozi ongalicabanga ekusebenzeni.
Ingxenye enhle yale mikhiqizo yezezimali ifaka kumafomethi awo lokho okuthiwa ama-peripheral bond, ukuze iklayenti likwazi ukusizakala ngokukhuphuka kwephrimiyamu yengozi kulawo mazwe. Futhi ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esizoncika kwisizinda esikhethiwe. Akufani ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi nohlobo lwayo. Ngakho-ke ngeke ube nokunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokufunda okunikezwayo yizinkampani zokuphatha.
Ukuthenga amabhondi
Isinqumo sokugcina ngaso sonke isikhathi kuzoba ukuthengwa ngqo kwalezi zimpahla zezimali ezimakethe. Kuzoba isenzo esinamandla ngokwengeziwe, futhi kuvezwe izingozi ezinkulu ngokuqasha. Isu elihle kakhulu lokwenza lokhu kuthathwa kwezikhundla kumabhondi asemaphethelweni lizohlala emzileni ongcono kakhulu onawo, ngakho-ke, kubanzi izinketho zokwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo. Ungakhetha izinhlobonhlobo zezikweletu zomphakathi, kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe e-European Union, ngisho nangokuthenga okukhulu kakhulu.
Nokho, izingozi ziphakeme, futhi kungadingeka ukuthi usheshe nezikhathi ezibekiwe ezinde, lapho isimo singashintsha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Yize ukubuya, ukusebenza kuzoqinisekiswa kusukela lapho ubaqasha. Ngeke kube yinto emangalisayo, kude nayo, kepha kuzoba yisikhali sokukunikeza inzuzo engcono kunakwenye imikhiqizo yasebhange.
Futhi lapho, noma kunjalo, zizoba yizimpahla zezimali ezingabizi kakhulu kuzintshisekelo zakho njengeklayenti, ukwazi ukwenza iminikelo ocabanga ukuthi inesidingo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kusukela kokugcina kakhulu kuya kokunolaka kakhulu, yize lokhu kokugcina kunganconyiwe ezimweni zamanje. Kepha kuzoba inketho eyodwa futhi okufanele utshale imali oyilondolozile ngokususelwa ku-premium yenengozi yamazwe e-EU. Ngeziphakamiso ezahlukahlukene, ongazamukela kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Ukutshalwa kwemali okuphephile
Ngaphansi kwalelihlelo kubhaliswe ama-bond angasebenza ukuze azivikele ezimeni zokuntengantenga okukhulu, futhi acwiliswe ngaphansi kokungaqiniseki okuphawulekayo kwezomnotho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i- Isibopho saseJalimane esinenani eliphephile lokuhlala unomphela kulezi zimo. Ikakhulu ngenxa yokwethembeka kwenqubomgomo yayo yezomnotho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazwe angaphandle, angenza ukunyakaza okuphezulu okuphezulu ezivumelwaneni zawo, futhi njengomphumela wokushintshashintsha okuqhubekayo kweprimiyamu yabo yobungozi.
Kulesi simo esikudalulile kuwe, akungabazeki ukuthi unenye indlela, mhlawumbe obengenayo, yokuthola inzuzo enkulu ezimakethe. Futhi ngandlela thile kuxhunyaniswe ne-premium yengozi. Kungenzeka bangakwazi ngisho nokulicabanga leli thuba elivulekele izimangalo zakho njengesilondolozi esiphakathi. Akusizi ngalutho, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ongayisebenzisa, noma ukuyihlanganisa ndawonye nezinye izimpahla zezezimali zohlobo oluhlukile.