Enye yezinhloso onazo njengamanje ukwakha isu lokukhulisa impesheni yakho lapho kufika umhlalaphansi. Ngalokhu, akukho okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokwaba ingxenye yengeniso yakho njalo ngenyanga futhi lokho kuzoncika ezidingweni zakho nasezindlekweni ezicatshangelwe kubhajethi yakho yangasese noma yomndeni. Kunoma ikuphi, kuzoba njalo enye inkokhelo entsha le onayo kusukela manje. Ukuze eminyakeni yakho yegolide umholo wakho uphakeme kunalokho okucatshangwa ngempesheni yomphakathi.
Kulo mongo ojwayelekile, kucace bha ukuthi unezinketho eziningi futhi zonke zingavuna izintshisekelo zakho jikelele. Ngenxa yokuthi ekugcineni uzoba nemali ephezulu kunaleyo ecatshangwe uhlelo olusemthethweni lwe- impesheni yamanje. Ngalo mqondo, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi izinhlangano ezahlukahlukene zezomnotho bezincoma umnikelo omkhulu ngamunye ozoncika ezimweni zomuntu ngamunye zabasindisi.
Ukuze le nhloso ikwazi ukusebenza ekugcineni, ngeke sibe khona esinye isixazululo ngaphandle kokwenza isikhwama sokonga kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngokwalokhu kubuka, sizokukhombisa ezinye zezixazululo ongabanika zona kusuka manje. Kusuka kwabanye izinhlelo ezinolaka kakhulu kwabanye abanqamule ukuzivikela noma abalondolozayo abanesimo esisodwa esivamile, esifika ngesikhathi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi sesimeni esingcono sezomnotho kunakuqala. Ngalesi sizathu kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wenze uhlelo kusuka kunoma yimuphi umkhiqizo wezezimali. Kule ndlela sizokudalula eminye imibono emihle maqondana nalokhu.
Uhlelo lwempesheni: izinzuzo
Lelisu lingenziwa kusukela ekuthengweni nasekuthengisweni kwamasheya emakethe yamasheya. Ngokusatshalaliswa kwezabelo ezikhiqiza imbuyiselo ephakathi kuka-3% no-8% ngokukhokha okungaguquguquki nokuqinisekisiwe minyaka yonke. Noma yini eyenzekayo ezimakethe zezezimali futhi ngale ndlela ungathuthukisa iphothifoliyo yokonga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngale ndlela ingakusiza ukuze kuthi lapho kufika isikhathi sakho sokuthatha umhlalaphansi ube nengeniso eyengeziwe engakusekela emholweni wakho womphakathi. Ngokukhokha okukodwa noma okubili okwenziwa ngonyaka ofanayo nokuthi kunoma ikuphi kungakusiza ukuba ube namandla amakhulu okuthenga kusuka kulowo mzuzu empilweni yakho.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi ngaleli su eliyingqayizivele uzokwazi ukukhetha ukuphepha okunesibopho sokwenza le nkokhelo kubaninimasheya. Kungenziwa kusuka kumanani agcina kakhulu noma okuzivikela ku-Ibex 35 kuya kulaka kakhulu ukuze akwazi ukuguqulwa kuphrofayili yakho njengomtshali-zimali omncane naphakathi. Ukuze ngale ndlela, eminyakeni yegolide ungakhokhisa i- ibhonasi yama-200, 300 noma ama-euro angama-400. Ngokuya ngenhlokodolobha oyitshalile ukwenza leli qhinga ekuthatheni izikhundla ezimakethe zezimali.
Iphothifoliyo yesikhwama sokutshala imali
Lokhu kungenye yezindlela ongakhetha kuzo okwamanje zokunyusa umholo wakho ngesikhathi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Kule ndlela yokutshala imali, ungakhetha uhlobo lwempahla yezimali oxhumanisa kuyo le nkokhelo. Okusho ukuthi, kusuka ezimakethe zezimali, imali engenayo engaguquki noma ngisho nakwezinye izinhlobo. Ngamafomethi ahlukile lokho abaphathi baklanyelwe, kuzwelonke nangaphandle kwemingcele yethu. Kulokhu, ozokuzuza ukudala isikhwama sokonga ukuze uzithole nganoma yisiphi isikhathi salesi sikhathi esibalulekile empilweni yakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izimali zokutshala imali nazo zicabanga ngokukhokhwa kwezinzuzo. Kokubili enguqulweni yabo yemali engenayo eguqukayo nasemholweni ongaguquki nokuthi ezimweni zombili zingakwazi finyelela ku-6%. Futhi nokuthi uzothola ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokukhokha ongakhetha kuzo ngokuya ngezidingo zakho ukukunikeza imali ngesikhathi esifanele umhlalaphansi wakho ufika ngaso. Ngomshini ofana ncamashi nalowo maqondana nokuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwamasheya emakethe yamasheya, kokubili ekwakhiweni kwawo kanye nenani lale mali. Yize ukunikezwa kungakabi iningi ngoba kuphela u-5% wezimali zalezi zici ezibandakanya ukwabiwa kwale mali engenayo.
Intela yesikhathi eside
Yize abatshalizimali abaningi bengazi ngakho, lolu hlobo lokutshala imali lungasetshenziswa kusuka manje kuqhubeke ukwakha isikhwama sokonga esizinzile. Yize kuliqiniso ukuthi ngaphansi kwenzuzo encane, yize okungenani izosebenza ukuze ukwazi ukwenza imali oyongelayo izuze. Akumangalisi ukuthi lo ngumkhiqizo wezezimali onikela ngenzalo leyo kusuka ku-0,30% kuya ku-1,75%. Lokho kuzoya kubhalansi ye-akhawunti yakho yokonga ngesikhathi esiqondile sokuphelelwa yisikhathi, ngenzuzo ongayivuselela ngaleso sikhathi. Uma nje kuyidiphozi yesikhathi esinqunyiwe engakhangisi noma egcina isikhathi ngokwemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sigaba semikhiqizo yasebhange sihlukaniswa ngokuthi inzalo ihlala iqinisekisiwe, noma yini eyenzekayo ezimakethe zezezimali. Ngakho-ke, kungaba inketho enhle ezikhathini ezinzima kakhulu ezimakethe zamasheya zomhlaba wonke. Kule ndlela yokutshala imali ungathola inani eliphansi lokuthi uma kufika isikhathi sokuqoqa impesheni yakho yomphakathi. Ngokuthengisa okungeziwe ongakwenza iminikelo yemali evumelana kangcono nezidingo zakho zangempela futhi ngokuya ngomholo onawo mzuzu ngamunye. Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukukhansela iminikelo ngaphandle kokuthi kwezinye izimo bajeziswa ngamakhomishini angafika ku-1,5%. Yize ukunikezwa kungakabi iningi ngoba kuphela u-5% wezimali zalezi zici ezibandakanya ukwabiwa kwale mali engenayo.
Umshuwalense wokonga
Ngenye yezinto ezinkulu ezingaziwa ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi futhi kusekelwe eminikelweni ejwayelekile okufanele uyenze njalo ngenyanga noma okungenani iningi labo. Umshuwalense wokonga unenzuzo enkulu yokuthi ungabakhipha ngesikhathi ocabanga ukuthi kufanelekile. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungenza i- iminikelo ngendlela eguquguqukayo kakhulu ngoba ungayiguqula esikhathini ngasinye. Kufika ezingeni lokwakhiwa kwesikhwama sokonga lapho kufika iminyaka yegolide noma kamuva.
Esinye isici okufanele usazise kulo mkhiqizo wezezimali okhetheke kakhulu ukuthi ufaka phakathi i- ukwelashwa kwentela kuvumelana nezintshisekelo zakho. Kanye nezindlela zokwenza ukuhlengwa kwamanani owafunayo unyaka nonyaka noma kwesinye isikhathi. Ngaphandle kokuthi uphoqelekile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuthi ubhalise inani elinqunyelwe njalo ngenyanga, njengoba kwenzeka kweminye imikhiqizo yezezimali enezici ezifanayo. Iphinde ikunikeze ukwesekwa okuphezulu kwemali lapho udinga imali kule minyaka yokuphila kwakho. Le yimodeli yokonga, ongeke uyibhalise kuphela ngokusebenzisa isikhungo sezezikweletu, kepha futhi nangokuhlinzeka okwenziwe izinkampani zomshuwalense.
Ngeziphakamiso ezihlukaniswa ngokufana kakhulu phakathi kwazo nokuthi ngakolunye uhlangothi zikhululiwe kumakhomishini nakwezinye izindleko ekuphathweni noma ekugcineni kwazo. Ngokonga lo msebenzi okubandakanya ukuthi eminye imikhiqizo yokonga noma yokutshala imali inakho, futhi lokho, ngemuva kwakho konke, ezinye izinhloso zakho eziseduze kakhulu. Futhi bangakusebenzela ukuhlangabezana nezidingo onazo ngesikhathi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphansi kwefomethi oyibona ifanele kakhulu kusukela manje.
Izinhlelo zempesheni
Izinhlelo Zempesheni ziyaqhubeka nokuletha inzuzo egculisayo kakhulu kuyo yonke imigomo nakuzo zonke izigaba. Kungakapheli unyaka ongu-1, Izinhlelo Zempesheni Yomholo Ohleliwe ezifika isikhathi eside seziletha imbuyiselo ngenhla kuka-3,7%, futhi iphakeme ngisho nangaphezulu kuka-5,6% ngonyaka ezimweni zezinhlelo eziqinisekisiwe. Kunoma ikuphi, ama-Variable Income Plans avelele, ngenzuzo engu-9,5% ngonyaka odlule. Ngokwesilinganiso, Izinhlelo Zempesheni zithola imbuyiselo ka-4,6% ngonyaka odlule, zikuthola ngokuphelele ukulungiswa kwezinyanga zokugcina zika-2018.
Mayelana nesikhathi eside, ama-Individual System Pension Plans abhalisa imbuyiselo emaphakathi yonyaka (isamba sezindleko namakhomishini) ka-3,26% kanti, esikhathini esiphakathi (iminyaka emi-5 nengu-10), baletha imbuyiselo ka-1,8, 2,9% no 275,2% njalo ngonyaka, ngokulandelana, ngokuya ngemininingwane yakamuva enikezwe yi-Association of Collective Investment Institutions and Pension Funds (Inverco). Lapho kukhonjiswa khona ukuthi umthamo olinganiselwayo weminikelo nezinzuzo ngo-Okthoba kuzoba: iminikelo ephelele yama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-254,9 kanye nezinzuzo ezinkulu zama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-20,3, lapho ivolumu yeminikelo ephelele yenyanga izofinyelela kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-XNUMX.