Ebhekene nokwehla okubonakalayo ezimakethe zamazwe zamazwe zamazwe, enye yezindlela zokuqondisa ukonga kungamadiphozi asebhange wesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ngaphandle kwenzuzo abayinikezayo njengamanje, ayizanelisi izidingo zabasindisi abancane nabaphakathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, isilinganiso sentela sezinyanga eziyi-12 esikhathini sokuba unomphela sine- inzalo ezungeze u-0,13%, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva enikezwe yiBhange LaseSpain. Njengomphumela wentengo yemali nokuthi iku-0% kuzoni ye-euro futhi kunoma ikuphi ezimeni ezisezingeni eliphansi ngokomlando.
Kepha iqiniso lokuthi imakethe yamasheya ingehla kusukela manje kungenza abatshalizimali baphendulele imibono yabo kulo mkhiqizo webhange. Kunoma ikuphi, izimali zaseSpain zathengisa inani eliphelele le- 49.039,8 million euro ngo-Ephreli. Okungukuthi, u-41,4% ngaphezu kwenyanga edlule, yize kube nezikhathi ezimbalwa zebhizinisi emakethe, noma kunjalo kube yinyanga ehamba phambili kusukela ngo-Okthoba odlule. Esigabeni sonyaka nonyaka, kube nokwehla okungama-25,4% nalapho inani lezingxoxo bekungu-2,9 million, u-7% ungaphansi kukaMashi no-0,8% ngaphansi kunangenyanga efanayo yonyaka odlule.
Kulesi simo jikelele, engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka kungaba yisikhathi sokuthola imali ebhange yesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ngoba yize kunezinga lenzalo ephansi kunamasu ehlukene esingakhuphula ngawo ukusebenza kwawo. Kufike ezingeni lokukhuphula izinga lenzalo yakho ngamaphuzu angaphezu kwephesenti elilodwa. Ukuze ngale ndlela, kube nenzuzo enkulu ukuthi imali igcinwe kumkhiqizo walezi zici. Lapho ukuphepha kudlula khona okunye ukucatshangelwa okunolaka ngokwengeziwe endaweni yokubuka yotshalo-mali.
Ukukhuthaza ukusebenza: amadili
Isu elilula kunazo zonke ongalisebenzisa ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwamadiphozithi asebhange wesikhathi esinqunyiwe ukusizakala ngokunikezwa nokuphakanyiswa okwenziwe yizikhungo zezezimali izinyanga ezimbalwa. Banikela ngamamodeli wokulondoloza asikisela okufanele aqashwe futhi lokho kungaqashwa yeqa izinga elingu-1% noma elingu-2%. Ezimweni eziningi, kuzodingeka ukuthi kudonswe imali edonsweni ekhokhwayo noma imali engenayo ejwayelekile ukuze kusizakale ezimeni zayo zokubhala phansi. Lokhu kunikezwa okuhloselwe amakhasimende amasha futhi kuzo zonke izimo akunakuvuselelwa lapho kuphela isikhathi. Akunjalo.
Lesi sigaba samadiphozi asebhange wesikhathi esinqunyelwe sinesikhathi saphakade lokho kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-12 izinyanga nangemali ephezulu okufanele ikhokhwe efinyelela cishe kuma-euro angama-50.000. Ekugcineni ukuthola imali yokwenza imbuyiselo ngaleli su lokutshala eliyingqayizivele. Ukubekwa kwalezi zici ezinikeza inzalo enhle yiBankinter, efinyelela emazingeni ama-5%, yize inale mibandela eshiwo ngenhla.
Xhuma kwimpahla yezezimali
Elinye isu elingasetshenziswa kusukela manje ukubopha intela kwenye impahla yezezimali. Akudingeki ukuthi kube amasheya, kepha futhi izinto zokusetshenziswa, izinsimbi eziyigugu noma inkomba yokulinganisa lapho ngaphezulu kwe-90% yemali ebolekwe ngabaseSpain ixhunywe kuyo. Uma izinhloso zifezekiswa kwikhotheshini yalo, amazinga wenzuzo angaphezulu kuka-5% angatholakala. Futhi uma lokhu bekungenjalo, bekuzohlala kukhona ukubuya okungaguquki nokuqinisekisiwe minyaka yonke. Cishe u-0,50% nanoma yini eyenzekayo ezimakethe zezezimali.
Lesi sigaba semikhiqizo siyabekwa ngokuthandwa ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngokukhombisa ukuthi kuyindlela ephephile yokwenza imali yakho oyitshalile ibe nenzuzo futhi ngaphandle kokubandakanya noma iyiphi ingozi ekudalweni kwemali yakho. Ngoba akunasikhathi lapho bazokwazi ukulahlekelwa yingxenye yawo njengoba kukhona ifayela le- inzuzo encane kusukela ekuqaleni. Ngenzuzo yokuthi amadiphozi asebhange wesikhathi esinqunyelwe angaxhunyaniswa kunoma iyiphi impahla yezezimali. Kusuka kokujwayelekile kakhulu kuye kokusha kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kwemikhawulo ekunikezelweni kwamabhange njengamanje.
Khulisa imigomo yaphakade
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungahlala uphendukela ekwandiseni imigomo kulolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo yokonga. Ukufika esikhathini Izinyanga ezingama-36 noma ezingama-48 lapho inzuzo izoba phezulu kakhulu. Akukho okuningi okungathuthukiswa maqondana nokubuyiselwa kwemali kwale mikhiqizo, kepha okungenani kuzoba ngamaphesenti ambalwa weshumi uma kuqhathaniswa namamodeli wendabuko amaningi. Futhi ngenzalo ezoqinisekiswa kusukela ekuqaleni. Awekho amakhomishini noma ezinye izindleko ekuphathweni noma ekugcineni kwawo.
Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi kungaba ngenye indlela ezimakethe zezimali njengamanje. Ngamafomethi athathwa njengokwesiko ngoba alukho uhlobo lwesixhumanisi neminye imikhiqizo yezezimali noma izimpahla. Hhayi ize, ihambisana nokufakwa kwemali impilo yonke nokuthi abazali bethu noma ogogo nomkhulu bethu baqasha. Lapho ungafinyelela khona okunikezwayo ngamamodeli athengiswayo phezu kwe-inthanethi. Ngokunethezeka besuka ekhaya futhi bangakwazi ngisho nokwenza ngcono inzuzo yabo ngamaphesenti ambalwa eshumini wephesenti ngokuqhathaniswa nezinkontileka ezenziwa ngamagatsha asebhange noma ngocingo.
Khetha ukunikezwa kwebhange ledijithali
Akungabazeki ukuthi ukubhenka ngedijithali yikhona okwamanje okunikela ngamamaki amahle wokulamula emabhange asesikhathini esinqunyiwe. Ngochungechunge lweziphakamiso ezingasizuzisa kakhulu ngezintshisekelo zethu. Ukuzuza amazinga emiholo angaba khona sondela ku-2% noma ku-3% ngaphezulu kwamafomethi wendabuko. Lelisu lokutshala imali ligxile ukuze sikwazi ukuthola izinkontileka kunoma iyiphi idivayisi yezobuchwepheshe: omakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi noma amanye amathuluzi anezici ezifanayo.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusinikeza ithuba lokuthuthukisa ubudlelwano bethu namabhange alezi zici. Ngokuthola amabhonasi ekutholeni eminye imikhiqizo yezezimali noma uthole amakhadi esikweletu noma asebhange ngokuphelele. Njengakolunye uchungechunge lwezinqubo ezenziwa ngala mabhange edijithali. Kunoma yiziphi izimo, ukwenziwa ngokusemthethweni kwamadiphozithi esikhathi esinqunyiwe kwenzeka njalo ngemigudu yezobuchwepheshe, ngokungafani nokubhanga kwendabuko. Njengolunye lwezimpawu zakhe eziyinhloko okwamanje.
Ukunikezwa kwamakhasimende amasha
Kunesinye isigaba semali ediphozithi yesikhathi esinqunyiwe esenzelwe imali entsha noma amaklayenti amasha futhi avumela ukuthola imbuyiselo esondele ku-3%. Kodwa-ke, banenkinga yokuthi banezikhathi ezifushane kakhulu zokuhlala. Phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-3 nezingu-6 cishe futhi zisebenza kuphela ezingxenyeni ze- ezilinganisweni ezingafuneki ngokweqile futhi lokho kujezisa ukufunwa kwalo mkhiqizo wezezimali. Ngaphandle kolunye uchungechunge lokucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe futhi lokho kuzoba isihloko sesinye isigaba endatshaneni ezayo.
Lesi sigaba samadiphozi asebhange wesikhathi esinqunyiwe singathakazelisa kakhulu lapho uzoshintsha ibhange ngoba ungasebenzisa ngokunenzuzo lokhu kunikezwa okukhethekile noma ukukhushulwa. Inhloso yawo isifiso samabhange ukwenza thatha amakhasimende alo mncintiswano Ngaphezu kwakho konke, futhi kulokhu, banikela ngeminikelo enolaka kakhulu futhi enezintshisekelo ezikhangayo kakhulu kuze kube usuku lwabo lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zokonga azihileli noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezindleko futhi inzuzo izoya ngqo kwi-akhawunti yakho yokonga.
Ukuqashwa kwe-inthanethi
Lawa mafomethi kumadiphozi asebhange wesikhathi esinqunyiwe futhi asho ukwenziwa ngcono kwembuyiselo yokonga okufakiwe. Yize ngaphansi kwemali engashayi kakhulu. Kepha ngenzuzo yokuthi ungayiqasha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Ngisho nasebusuku noma ngezimpelasonto nangemali oyifunayo. Ukuze ngale ndlela, imali egciniwe ibe nenzuzo ngendlela enhle kakhulu kunakwizinhlobo zendabuko. Kulokho okwakha umkhuba oya phezulu phakathi kwemikhuba yabasebenzisi baseSpain.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolu hlelo lwenkontileka lukuvumela ukuba uqhathanise okunikezwayo okuhlukahlukene okuhlinzekwa ngamabhange bese ukhetha ifomethi kufanelana kangcono nephrofayili yakho njengesilondolozi esincane naphakathi nendawo. Kokubili ngokwemigomo nangemali ofuna ukuyibhalisa. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikunikeza ithuba lokukhetha phakathi kwezimali eziningana zomhlaba. Phakathi kwalabo abavelele nge-euro, idola laseMelika, i-yen yaseJapan noma i-franc yaseSwitzerland phakathi kwezinye ezifanele kakhulu emakethe.
Ngamafuphi, usenakho ukukhetha amasu ahlukene okutshalwa kwezimali ahloselwe ukwenza ngcono inzuzo yakho kumadiphozi asebhange wesikhathi esinqunyiwe kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Akumangalisi ukuthi ekugcineni kosuku kuyini ngokusayina isigaba semikhiqizo yezezimali efana naleyo ngokwesiko. Kulokho okwakha umkhuba oya phezulu phakathi kwemikhuba yabasebenzisi baseSpain.