Izimali ezingenayo ezihleliwe ezitholwe ngenyanga ukubhaliswa okuhle kwenetha ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-270 euimifula, yonke ibigxile emalini engenayo yesikhathi eside, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva enikezwe yi-Association of Collective Investment Institutions and Pension Funds (Inverco). Lapho kucaca khona ukuthi ku-2019 iyonke, imali engenayo engaguquki isivele iqoqa cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-2.500 okungena okuphelele.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimali zokulingana zamazwe omhlaba iguqule ukuthambekela kwezinyanga zakamuva futhi babona ukugeleza okuhle, okusizwa ngokuziphatha kwezimakethe. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokubuya kwabo okuhle, bathola ukukhokhelwa okuphelele kwama-euro angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.800 ngonyaka wonke. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izimali zokubuyisa eziphelele kanye nalabo abaphethe ngokungenzi lutho bakugcinile ukukhokhelwa kwengxenye yokuqala yonyaka, baqoqa cishe imali eyizigidi ezingama-2.100 ekhokhelwe eyokuqala neyama-605 kweyesibili.
Ngokwesimo esijwayelekile, lapho izimali zokutshala imali, ezisekelwa ukusebenza kahle kwemakethe ngenyanga, zathola khona ukukhula ngoJuni kwezigidi ezingama-3.711 zama-euro futhi, ngemininingwane yesikhashana, bavala isigamu sokuqala sonyaka ngokunyuka kwama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-10.688 kumthamo wabo wezimpahla, ukuze bame kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-268.203, okuyi-4,2% ngaphezulu kunasekupheleni konyaka we-2018. Ngempikiswano mayelana noma ngabe kungcono ukukhetha izimali zokutshala imali ngokuya ngephothifoliyo yama-equity noma uma ngokuphambene ukukhetha imali engaguquki.
Inzuzo engaphezulu kunokulungiswa
Okwamanje, izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali ezihlanganiswe kwizimali zihlinzeka ngochungechunge lwezinzuzo ezingaba mnandi kakhulu ukuziqasha kusuka manje. Enye yezinto ezifanele kakhulu isuselwa eqinisweni lokuthi inzuzo yayo ingaba ngaphezulu kunaleyo engenayo engaguquki. Futhi, ngalesi sikhathi uku thola isilinganiso senzalo sokuncintisana kakhulu kuyadingeka ukuzibeka engozini ekwenzeni izinqumo. Futhi ngalomqondo, indlela ongayikhetha ikulo mqondo esimweni lapho izimakethe zamasheya zomhlaba wonke zibambe kahle kahle.
Omunye umnikelo wezimali zokutshalwa kwezimali ezihlanganiswe kumasheya ususelwa ekutheni izikhuthazi zezimali zivuna izimakethe ngalezi zici. Kokubili ohlangothini nolunye lwe-Atlantic. Ngenzuzo yokuthi bangaba nezinketho eziningana abangakhetha kuzo nangaphansi kwamafomethi ahlukile ezimakethe zezimali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunengozi yokuthi a bubble ezikweletini zomphakathi ezingathinta izimali zokutshala imali ezihleliwe ngodlame oluthile.
Ungazivikela kanjani emalini
Kunoma ikuphi, unamasu amaningana okutshala imali ukuvikela imali yakho enqubeni engenzeka yokungazinzi ezimakethe zezimali. Olunye lwalezi zinhlelo luhlanganisa ukulingana nezinye izimpahla zezezimali. Ngokwesibonelo, lezo ezivela ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, zezimali noma ezinye izinhlobo. Laba baphathi bangakusiza ukuthi uqukethe ukulahlekelwa kuzimo ezingezinhle kakhulu zezintshisekelo zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngalo mqondo, kunezimali zokutshala imali ezihlangabezana nalesi sici esikhethekile.
Elinye lamasu ongawasebenzisa kusukela manje yilelo elisuselwe kulo khetha ukuphathwa okusebenzayo. Kusho ukuthini ngempela lokhu? Yebo, into elula njengokulungisa iphothifoliyo yakho yesikhwama sokutshala imali kuzo zonke izimo ezingaba khona, ngisho nokubi kakhulu kwizintshisekelo zakho njengomtshalizimali okudayisa. Ukulungisa iphothifoliyo yakho ngemvamisa ethile ukuze wenze ukonga kube nenzuzo enkulu. Uzobona ukuthi ukusebenza kuya ngokuya kuba ngcono futhi uma ulandela leli su ekuphathweni kwezimali zokutshala imali. Kulokhu unemikhiqizo eminingi yezezimali enikeza lesi sici esikhethekile. Ngaphandle kokuthinta amakhomishini asetshenziswa yilezi zimali zekhomishini.
Ubungozi bezimali
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, asikwazi ukukhohlwa ezinye zeziphazamiso ezikhethwa yile ndlela yokutshala imali. Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi a ukuwa ezimakethe zamasheya zomhlaba wonke, ukwehla okungaphezu kwama-20% noma ama-30%. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi uzoshiya ama-euro amaningi endleleni nangesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Enye yezingcuphe zokusebenzisa lolu hlelo ekukhetheni izimpahla eziyimali kungenxa yokuthi ukulungiswa kungahle kwenziwe ezinyangeni ezizayo, noma-ke, ukusikeka okubaluleke kakhulu ekuvumelaneni kwamanani abo.
Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi sikwazi ukubona amanani entengo ephansi kakhulu kunalawo acashunwe kulo mzuzu oqondile. Ngokuwa ezimakethe zezimali phakathi kuka-10% no-20%, okungaba ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kwephesenti lemali ebesizoyishiya ekusebenzeni kwemakethe yamasheya ngezimali zokutshala izimali zalezi zici. Enye ingozi esibhekene nayo iqiniso lokuthi kudaleke uphahla ngezinkomba zamazwe omhlaba okuzoba nzima ukunqoba eminyakeni ezayo.
Imakethe yamasheya inenzuzo enkulu
Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali emakethe yamasheya kuvame ukuba njalo kunenzuzo enkulu esikhathini esiphakathi nesikhathi eside. Lapho kuthanda ukukala kabusha ngaphezu kwemikhiqizo etholwe emholweni ohleliwe noma eyenziwe ngamabhange uqobo. Ngesikhathi lapho i-denominator ejwayelekile iyintengo eshibhile yemali.
Lesi yisici esibaluleke kakhulu ngokungangabazeki esikusiza ukuba uthuthuke ezimakethe zezimali. Ngoba kusho ukuthi kunemali eningi yokwenza inzuzo emakethe yamasheya futhi lokhu kusiza ukusebenza kulezi zimpahla zezimali. Yize lokhu kungumkhuba ongaphela engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka ozayo. Futhi ngalokho-ke, kuzobonwa enanini lentengo. Enye ingozi esibhekene nayo iqiniso lokuthi kudaleke uphahla ngezinkomba zomhlaba wonke okuzoba nzima ukuluhlula eminyakeni ezayo.