Akubona bonke abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abazibeka engcupheni ngendlela efanayo. Lokhu kukhonjiswa ocwaningweni lwakamuva olubizwa ngeGlobal Investment Study 2018 futhi olwenziwe ngumthengisi wamazwe omhlaba uSchroders. Kutholakala ukuthi kukhona umehluko ocacile phakathi kwabavikeli bezwe abahlukaniswa phakathi kwalabo ababhekwa njengabaphambili noma ochwepheshe kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi abanye, okungukuthi, abaqalayo. Ngokwehluka okuphawulekayo isu leyodwa futhi ikakhulukazi ngendlela abacabanga ngayo ubungozi bokusebenza.
Lo mbiko ngomkhuba ezenzweni zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi nendawo ugcizelela ukuthi iqembu lokuqala, abatshalizimali abaphambili kakhulu, lithola izinga eliphezulu lobungozi. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi batshale ama-23% ephothifoliyo yabo ekutshalweni okuyingozi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abanolwazi lokungena ezingeni lokungena noma lokungena ezingeni. Uma kunjalo, ukuvezwa kwakho kulesi sigaba esikhethekile sokuhweba kungama-9% kuphela.
Enye imininingwane efanelekile ekhishwe ocwaningweni olunyuswe yi-broker yamazwe aphesheya uSchroders ukuthi abatshalizimali abaphambili noma abangochwepheshe banikela ngama-42% otshalo-mali lwabo engcupheni ephansi, kanti okuphambene nalokho, abasebenzisi abanolwazi oluncane batshala ngokwesilinganiso cishe ama-60% . A umehluko ocashile lokho kumele kuhlolwe ukwazi ukuthi siyini isimo sangempela sokutshalwa kwemali kuma-equities ngalesi sikhathi esiqondile futhi lapho ungathola khona esinye isifundo ngezenzo okuzodingeka uzenze kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Izikhundla zobungozi
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolu cwaningo luthinta ngokusobala ukuthi abatshalizimali ezweni lethu bacishe babe yingxenye yephothifoliyo yabo (49%) izimali ezinobungozi obuphansi, ngenhla kwesilinganiso saseYurophu (45%) nangaphansi kuphela kwabase-Italiya (51%) nesiPutukezi (57%). Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangaphezu kwesilinganiso lapho bethola ukheshi, kanti ama-27% ephothifoliyo aqhathaniswa nama-25% esilinganiso esitholwe ngabatshalizimali ezwenikazi elidala. Lokhu kuyinto eveza ukubaluleka kokuthi kunenzuzo yini ukuthatha izikhundla eziyingozi noma ezinobungozi ezimakethe zezimali.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwezimpahla ezehlukene zezezimali nakho kuyinto yokuhlaziywa kulolu cwaningo lwemakethe yamasheya. Ngoba kukhombisa ukuthi ngabatshalizimali abasezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu noma abangochwepheshe baseSpain okwamanje abathola ukuvezwa okukhulu kwezimali, ngama-39% wezintandokazi. Lokhu kulandelwa yi- imali engenayo (15%), izikhwama zezindlu (11%) kanye nokunye ukutshalwa kwezimali, nokusebenza okungu-14%. Naphezu kwakho konke, kungabonakala ukuthi imikhiqizo engenayo engaguquki ikhona kuphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali. Njengecebo lokuqinisekisa nokuvikela iminikelo yakho yezezimali ngaphezu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe.
Ukusabela kokuwa
Okungabalulekanga kangako ukubaluleka okunikezwe kulokho ukusabela ekwehleni kwenani okungaba kuphrofayela yomunye noma komunye futhi okuhlaziyiwe ku-Global Investment Study 2018. Ngokuveza ukuthi bangabatshalizimali abanolwazi olukhulu kakhulu labo abanamathuba amaningi oku asabele ngokushesha Njengoba ubhekene nalesi simo, imakethe yamasheya ingaletha njengoba u-71% etshala imali noma ehambisa imali uma kuqhathaniswa nama-32% alabo abanenqanaba lokuqala noma lesisekelo. Ngenkathi ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-68% wabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abanolwazi oluyisisekelo noma abaqalayo abenzi lutho kulezi zimo ezithile zokutshalwa kwezimali.
Kungashiwo ukuthi esinye sezikhathi ezinqume kakhulu ekusebenzeni ezimakethe eziguquguqukayo yilesi sisho. Okusho ukuthi, lapho izikhundla zimbi impela futhi intengo yamanje ikude kakhulu nentengo yokuthenga. Lapho kufanele uhlukanise khona amaqhinga anolaka ngakolunye uhlangothi labo abadla ngoludala. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha isinqumo, yize kuyiqiniso ukuthi akuwona umsebenzi olula ukufeza izizathu ezingenakubalwa ezinemvelo ehlukahlukene. Ngoba ekugcineni kosuku bangaba nemiphumela ehluke ngokuphelele njengoba ungaqonda ngesipiliyoni esiqoqiwe unyaka nonyaka ezimakethe zezimali.
Izingozi Ezinolaka Zabatshalizimali
Elinye lamaphrofayili abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abanawo linolaka kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, usesimweni sokukhetha wandise izingozi zakho emalini oyitshala. Kungenxa yokuthi kuyisu ojwayele ukulisebenzisa noma ngoba nje lisekelwa yi-akhawunti yokonga enempilo ekuvumela ukuthi ubeke engcupheni okuningi ekusebenzeni kwakho ezimakethe zezezimali. Imvamisa ngemikhiqizo etshala imali ekuthengeni nasekuthengiseni amasheya emakethe yamasheya, kepha kusuka kumamodeli ahlukile.
Eminye yale mikhiqizo yokulingana yiyona izincwadi ezigunyaziwe nabanye abanezici ezifanayo. Bahlukaniswa ngaphezu kwakho konke ngengozi ephezulu abatshalizimali abayiqhubayo. Ngomqondo wokuthi yize bengathola imali eningi kulolu hlobo lokunyakaza, akulona iqiniso elincane ukuthi bangashiya abaningi, kepha ama-euro amaningi endleleni. Vele, ezingeni eliphakeme kunalelo elenziwe emakethe yamasheya uqobo, noma kubiza imisebenzi eshesha kakhulu lapho into ebaluleke kakhulu ukushaya ukuthambekela kwenani noma impahla yezezimali.
Izinga eliphakeme lokusizakala
Lokhu ngokungangabazeki kungenye yezimpawu ezifanele kakhulu zale mikhiqizo yezezimali lapho kungebona bonke abatshalizimali abanayo Izinga lokufunda lokho kuyadingeka kule misebenzi. Akumangalisi ukuthi lokhu kungenye yezingozi ezinkulu zokutshala imali kulezi zinhlobo zezezimali. Njengoba uma unganikeli ngesipiliyoni sangaphambilini, lolu hlobo lwecebo lokutshala imali lungakhokha kakhulu. Ngabatshali zimali abancane nabaphakathi abanolaka kakhulu abangabhekana nalolu hlobo lomsebenzi onzima futhi ngasikhathi sinye benobungozi obuningi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akunakukhohlwa ukuthi eminye yale mikhiqizo inosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Lokhu ngokwenza kusho ukuthi izingozi ziyakhushulwa ngoba uma okulindelwe kungafinyelelwanga, amathuba ongawathola ulahlekelwe yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yemali otshalile imali kulowo nalowo msebenzi onalezi zici ezikhethekile. Ngakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ungatshali yonke imali etholakalayo, kepha kunalokho ingxenye encane yayo. Kuzoba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela izintshisekelo zakho eziyimfihlo ngendlela eyiyo nephumelela kakhulu.
Abatshalizimali abaningi abavikela
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona abatshalizimali ababizwa ngokuthi ngoludala noma ukuzivikela lapho i-premium kanye nokuphepha wokusebenza kunenzuzo yabo. Ekugcineni, kuyindaba yokubusa ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuthi imali noma ukonga akwehli ngenxa yokusebenza kabi ngaphezulu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Kungemuva kwayo yonke inhloso enkulu elandelwa yilesi sigaba sabatshalizimali nokuthi bathola ngokushesha okukhulu okuyimikhiqizo abafuna ukuyithenga kusuka manje.
Esinye sezibonakaliso esikhaphela le phrofayili yabatshalizimali yileso esibhekisa ekuthambekeni kwabo kwemali engenayo engcupheni ukulimaza okuguqukayo engxenyeni enhle yezigaba zokutshala imali. Ngisho ngokusebenzisa imali ebhange yesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Kuphi inzuzo incane, kepha kunoma yisiphi isimo siyalungiswa futhi siqinisekisiwe. Noma ngabe kukhokhelwa ukunikela ngenzuzo ephezulu eyenziwe yimikhiqizo yokulingana isiyonke. Ngoba bazophinde babe nenketho yokwengeza isikhwama sabo sokonga kancane kancane nonyaka nonyaka.
Iminikelo yezimali
Okokugcina, kufanele kukhunjulwe futhi ukuthi omunye umehluko okhonjiswa abatshalizimali abalondolozayo nabanolaka uvela enanini lemali abalisebenzisayo ekutshalweni kwabo. Ngenkathi esimweni sokuqala, kunqunyelwe, kwesibili kwenziwa ngaphansi kokunyakaza okuphezulu kakhulu. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi la maprofayili ambalwa kutholakala isikweletu ku-akhawunti yakho yokonga. Kuyisibonakaliso lapho lolu hlobo lwephrofayili lubonwa khona ngaphezu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe futhi mhlawumbe ngisho nasendaweni yokubuka eyisisekelo.
Ngaphandle kwezinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi ezinganikezwa umkhiqizo owodwa noma omunye futhi leso sikhathi eside silingana nendlela yokutshala imali evikelekile noma evikelayo. Akumangalisi ukuthi kungenye yezici ongazibuka ukuthola ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwamasu obhekene nawo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Njengoba kujwayelekile kakhulu ekutshalweni okunobungozi obuningi ekunyakazeni okuhambisana nokuvuthwa okufushane kakhulu futhi kwezinye izimo kufanele kubhekwe njengokufushane kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokunye ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe futhi kusuka kumbono oyisisekelo. Kuyisibonakaliso lapho lolu hlobo lwephrofayili lubonwa khona ngaphezu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe futhi mhlawumbe ngisho nasendaweni yokubuka eyisisekelo.