Abatshalizimali baseSpain bebelokhu bethambekele kakhulu ekutshaleni imali abayongele izitini. Ngokusebenzisa ukuphepha kwezimali ezimele lo mkhakha obalulekile. Kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi ye-real estate ebanikeze inzuzo enhle kakhulu phakathi namashumi eminyaka adlule. Noma kunjalo, Inkinga yezomnotho yango-2008 ibenze bacabanga kabusha ngaleli qhinga baphinde baqondise utshalomali lwabo kwezinye izimpahla zezezimali, okwamanje, eziphephe futhi ezinamandla athile okukhula.
Umbuzo abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abawubuzayo njengamanje ukuthi ngabe okwamanje isikhathi esihle ukuvuselela isitini. Yebo, futhi maqondana namanani afakwe kuhlu kuzikhombo zikazwelonke, ngemuva kokulungisa ngokuqinile amanani abo izinkampani zokwakha ezibhalwe emholweni oguqukayo, eminyakeni yamuva nje baqale ukukhuphuka okuphezulu okuthi kubenze ukuthi babuyise kancane amanani abo, yize okwamanje abalamuli bezezimali bengagcini ngokukhetha le nkomba yomkhakha.
Izinkampani zokwakha ezibalwe ku-Ibex-35 bakhombise ukuhlaziywa okukhulu eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, futhi kwezinye izimo ezithile ngokusebenza okungcono kunenkomba ekhethiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banesivuno esimaphakathi esithakazelisa kakhulu kwisabelo ngasinye, cishe ama-5%, futhi ngaphansi nje kweminye imikhakha efana nokubhanga noma ugesi, efinyelela kuma-8% ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu.
Kungatshalwa kuphi imali?
Uma isu olikhethayo lokutshala imali elondoloziwe lakhiwe ngezitini, futhi ukulihambisa ngamasheya, unezinketho eziningi enkombeni yokuma kukazwelonke. Ngaphakathi kokukhetha kukazwelonke, izinkampani zokwakha zigqamile futhi ngemigqa ehlukahlukene kakhulu yebhizinisi, efanelekile kunoma iyiphi iphrofayili yabatshalizimali. I-Sacyr, i-OHL (+ 28%), iFerrovial, i-FCC, i-ACS ne-Acciona, phakathi kokuyinhloko.
Bahlanganiswe nabanye ababhalwe emakethe eqhubekayo yaseSpain, njengeRealia noma i-Inmobiliaria Colonial. Yize kungamagugu athwala izingozi eziningi kakhulu kunokudingekile. Futhi lokho kukhombisa ukuvela kwamanani abo hhayi okufanayo, ngokuguquguquka ngokweqile nsuku zonke. Ngomehluko ophakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezintengo zayo eziphakeme nezincane, kufika kumadijithi amabili kwezinye izimo. Lezi yizibambiso okunzima kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa, nokuthi abatshalizimali abacabangelayo kuphela abanesibindi sokuvula izikhundla ngalezi zimpahla zezezimali.
Amathuba okukhiqiza inzuzo enkulu yemali abanzi kakhulu, kepha ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo ungalahlekelwa yingxenye enhle yokonga kwakho ezikhundleni zabo. Vele ngaphezu kokucabanga kwakho ekuqaleni. Ngaphandle kokuthi kunjalo sebenzisa i-stop loss order ukunciphisa ukulahleka okungaba khona. Futhi ngenxa yaleli qhinga elihlakaniphile, futhi ubavikele ngendlela efaneleke kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye zezinkampani ezibalwe zisesimweni esibucayi sebhizinisi futhi lokho kungabenza baqhubeke nokukhuphuka ezansi ngamanani abo. Akulungele ukuthatha izikhundlaNgisho noma izimakethe zamasheya zingakhombisa ukwenyuka okungenaphutha. Ngokuqinisekile kukhona okungalahleka kunenzuzo kokuningi kwalokhu kunikelwa kwesitoko. Noma okungenani ukwenza ngokuzikhandla okuthile, nokuningi, kepha ukubekezela okuningi.
Izeluleko eziyisishiyagalombili zokutshala imali
Uma ucabanga ukuthi yisikhathi esifanele sokubuyela emzileni ngokusebenzisa izimali, kuyinto efiseleka kakhulu ukuthi wakhe isu lokwenza ukonga kwakho kube nenzuzo. Lokho kungenzeka ngempela ngokwamukela uchungechunge lwezincomo ezingaba wusizo olukhulu ukusebenza nalezi zimpahla zezimali. Futhi lokho kungakusiza ukwenza ukusebenza kwanelise kakhulu ngezintshisekelo zakho.
- Kuthola amanani aqine kakhulu emakethe, nokuthi banemiphumela yebhizinisi enempilo impela. Ukugwema, noma kunjalo, izinkampani ezinezikweletu noma ezinamaphutha kumamodeli wazo wokuphatha.
- Ukuthatha izikhundla kulawa magugu kufanele kuhambisane ne- a ukuthambekela okujwayelekile ezimakethe zokulingana okuyi-bullish. Kuzokwenza ukwazisa kwamasheya kuthuthuke ngamandla amakhulu, kuze kuphume amanye amanani enkombeni ekhethiwe.
- Ngeke ube nokhetho ngaphandle kokwenza i- ukulandelwa okujulile kwezingcaphuno zakho, kunikezwe ithuba lokuthi bazothuthukisa ukulungiswa okuqinile okungathatha amanani abo ukuya ezansi ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula.
- Uma zihambisana Inkokhelo yezabeloKungcono kunokungcono, ngoba bazoba nokusebenza okuqinisekisiwe nokulungisiwe minyaka yonke. Empeleni ukuthi kuguquka kanjani ezimakethe zamasheya lapho zibhalwe khona.
- Kuzo amasheya ajikelezayo aphendula kangcono kumijikelezo yokwandisa umnotho, ngenkathi ngokuphambene nalokho, bathambekele ekwenzeni okubi kakhulu kunabanye ezikhathini ezinzima, noma okungenani lapho kunokungabaza ngomsebenzi wezomnotho, kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe.
- Ukuvikela imali oyongile kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuthi hlanganisa lezi zenzo nezinye izinkampani ezivikela kakhulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukuphepha kuzoba enye yezinjongo zakho eziyinhloko ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo.
- Imayelana lungisa ukuthengisa nokuthenga ukufeza imisebenzi enenzuzo enkulu. Futhi uma ubona ukuthi intengo yemakethe ayigculisi, kungcono ushiye lo msebenzi wenze omunye umzuzu ofanele ngokwengeziwe.
- Amanye amanani asevele ekhona baye behlisa isimo sabo esibi kakhulu futhi amanani abo ayalungiswa, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi babuye banciphise ezinyangeni ezizayo inqobo nje uma imiphumela yebhizinisi izotholakala.
Ezinye izindlela zezitini
Ngenhlanhla yakho kukhona impilo ngale kwesikhwama. Y ungatshala imali ezinkampanini zokwakha ngokusebenzisa izimali zokutshala imali ngokususelwe kule mpahla yezezimali. Ukunikezwa kubanzi kakhulu, futhi ungakuhlanganisa neminye imikhakha, noma ungenayo imali engaguquki ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ezimweni ezingezinhle neze zezintshisekelo zakho. Ngokusebenzisa iphothifoliyo yokutshala imali elinganiselayo, futhi evunyelaniswa nephrofayili oyethula njengomtshalizimali omncane naphakathi kwamanani ezitini.
Ngale ndlela, ungakhetha phakathi kwezimali ezahlukahlukene zalezi zici futhi ezingaba nenzuzo ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka. Ayitholakali nje kuphela le mikhiqizo yezezimali, kodwa ngokusebenzisa i- imali ebhalwe phansi (ETF) lezi zinhloso zingafinyelelwa. Ukuba, noma kunjalo, isikhundla esiphakathi phakathi kokuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwamasheya nezimali zokutshala imali. Futhi ukuthi ezimweni eziningi kuhilela amakhomishini ancintisana kakhulu, noma yini efanayo, eshibhile.
Ngisho uma ungumtshali-zimali onolaka unemvume yokuthatha izikhundla ezinkampanini zokwakha nezakhiwo, kodwa kucatshangelwa izingozi eziningi. Lokhu kunjalo ngoba inzuzo ingaphindwa kabili, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ungalahlekelwa ama-euro amaningi ekusebenzeni ngakunye. Uma ungenalo ulwazi olwanele mayelana nokusebenza kwale mikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi uyeke ukuzama. Futhi zama ukuya kuphela kwimikhiqizo owazi ngempela futhi oyisebenzisayo nemvamisa ethile.
Njengokuthengiswa kwesikweletu, okudinga ubuchwepheshe obukhudlwana engxenyeni yakho. Futhi azitholakali kubatshalizimali abathengisa abangenalo ulwazi ekusebenzeni kwabo, nokuthi ukuthenga kwabo nokuthengisa kwenziwa kanjani. Kungenzeka kungabi imodeli enhle kakhulu yezimpawu zakho.
Buyela kumodeli efanayo yakudala
Futhi njengesinqumo sokugcina, uzohlala unesixazululo sokutholwa kwempahla, njengoba kwenza abazali bakho ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwezitini. Noma kunjalo, Lelisu lizodinga ukuthi ube neminikelo emikhulu yemali, ngaphezulu kwesilinganiso. Futhi ngaphezulu abakuqinisekisi ngokubuyisela ukuthi le misebenzi inikeze eminyakeni engcono kakhulu yemakethe.
Ukuhlola lokhu okungenzeka, kuzoba lula ngawe ukuthi unake ukuthi kunzima ngokungagwegwesi ukuthi bacaphune amanani abo kuleyo minyaka embalwa edlule, ikakhulukazi lapho kubhekene nenkinga yezomnotho ngo-2008. amanani angahambisani neqiniso. Njengomphumela walo mkhuba wamanje, kuzoba nzima kakhulu kuwe ukuthola imbuyiselo yeminye iminyaka evuna lolu hlobo lotshalo-mali.
Kepha awukaze kungani ulinganisela ekuthengeni izindlu, uma futhi ungenazo izinsiza ezanele zokubhekana nalo msebenzi. Kwanele ngokutholakala kwezakhiwo, noma okungaba mnandi ngokwengeziwe, izindawo zokupaka ukuze uzenzele imali oyongile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo, mhlawumbe neminyaka.
Ngenhlokodolobha encane, engafuni kakhulu, ungazifeza izifiso zakho zokubuyela ezitini futhi. Futhi, thola ibhonasi njalo ngenyanga ukukusiza ukuthi ulungise isabelomali somnotho wasekhaya njalo ngenyanga. Uzohlala ukhiqiza imbuyiselo kumafa onawo ukuqashisela abanye abantu. Noma kuyisifiso sakho, ungasithengisa ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa ngokuzuza kwemali.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kunezindlela ezingaphezu kweyodwa zokutshala imali ngezitini, futhi kuya ngezimpawu ezivela kuphrofayela yakho njengomtshali-zimali. Ngokuphepha into eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu izoba nokukhetha imodeli ukuhambisa utshalomali. Noma njengoba kuningi, ngeke ube nezinkinga ezeqile ukunquma ngokukhetha kwakho.
Ngenhloso echazwe kahle, okungeyona enye ngaphandle kokushaya ama-margins enzuzo amabi njengamanje anikezwa yimikhiqizo eyinhloko yokonga. Kuqabukela uthola okungaphezulu kuka-0,50% kubo, ngakho-ke lapho nje okungcono kakhulu, uzobe uhlangabezane nokulindelwe kwakho. Kuzoba yifomula engajwayelekile ukubuyela kutshalomali olukhethwe abaseSpain ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Manje kuzofanele uhlole ukuthi ngabe lolu shintsho kusu lokutshalwa kwezimali lufanele ngempela.