Noma ucabanga ukuthi ukwenza i- ukubalwa kwempesheni yomhlalaphansi Kungaba yinto elula kakhulu kubantu abaningi, eSpain, abantu abangama-72% okufanele baqoqe umhlalaphansi wabo abazi ukuthi bangayibala kanjani impesheni ukuze bazi ukuthi bazozilanda nini.
Ukuphepha komphakathi yisibalo sokulamula phakathi kwezinkampani nabantu abasebenza kuzo. Lapho i- isikhathi sokuqeda isikhathi esisebenzayo sabasebenzi, kungokukodwa Ihhovisi lezokuphepha komphakathi okufanele baye kulo ngemuva kokuhlanganisa iminyaka engama-65. Ukuphepha komphakathi kuyadingeka ukunikeza abasebenzi impesheni yokuthatha umhlalaphansi sonke isikhathi abasebenza ngaso. Ukuze ukwazi ukufinyelela kulo mhlalaphansi, umuntu oyicelayo kufanele ngabe usebenze okungenani iminyaka engama-30 nenkontileka.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zempesheni ongazifinyelela
Lapho umuntu eseqedile umjikelezo wakhe wokuphila (okuvamise ukuba ngemuva kweminyaka engama-65), lowo muntu usuke eseqalile ilungelo lokujabulela impesheni yomhlalaphansi impilo yakho yonke, engahlukaniswa ibe izinhlobo ezimbili zempesheni.
IMALI YENTELA
Impesheni enikelwayo inikezwa abasebenzi ekupheleni kwesikhathi sabo sonke sokunikela nokuthi banelungelo elingakanani ngokomthetho. Le mpesheni yomhlalaphansi ingacelwa kuphela ngabantu abanayo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 inkontileka futhi okungenani emibili yokugcina yaleyo minyaka yaba nomthelela ekuvikelekeni komphakathi. Akudingekile ukuthi ubusenkampanini eyodwa noma ube neminyaka eyi-15 ilandelana.
IMPESHENI ENGAYONA YENTELA
Lolu hlobo lwempesheni enganikeli lungacelwa ngu abantu abangenayo iminyaka engu-15 yeminikelo ekuvikelekeni komphakathi.
Lolu hlobo lwempesheni enganikeli Bangacelwa noma bengakabi neminyaka eyi-15. Lezi zimpesheni zingatholakala ezimweni zokukhubazeka ezingaphezu kuka-30% kanye nangesikhathi somhlalaphansi; kodwa-ke, kufanele uye emphakathini wakho ozimele, ngoba ngamunye unezidingo zawo.
Yiziphi izidingo okufanele ube nazo ukuze ucele umhlalaphansi eSpain
Uma ucabanga ukucela impesheni enikelwayo kodwa ungazi ukuthi iziphi izidingo okufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo, sizokutshela ngezansi.
- Ukuze ukwazi ukuthola umhlalaphansi kufanele okungenani ube neminyaka engama-65 ubudala
- Ukucela lolu sizo, lowo muntu akumele abhaliswe noma abe nenkontileka yokusebenza esasebenza. Futhi, akufanele ube nolunye usizo lokukhubazeka ngoba kungenzeka kungabi semthethweni ukulucela, futhi senza ubugebengu.
Impesheni ye-Advance
Impesheni elindelekile ingalawulwa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-60 futhi kungokwabasebenzi abanesimo sokusebenzisana abasenakho kakade Iminyaka engama-30 yeminikelo neminyaka engama-61 yobudala.
Kukhona amacala athile lapho abanye abantu bengathatha umhlalaphansi ku-64 futhi babe nezinzuzo ezifanayo zezomnotho njengase-65. Le nketho yathathwa njengevumelekile ngo-2002 futhi yathathwa njengezinyathelo zikahulumeni ezikhethekile okwakuhloswe ngazo ukukhuthaza ukuqashwa.
Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi kancane
Lolu hlobo lokuthatha umhlalaphansi lwenzeka ngo amacala asalayo. Inikeza ithuba lokuthola imali evela emsebenzini futhi ukwazi ukucela ifayela le- usizo lomhlalaphansi ngemuva kokuhlanganisa iminyaka engama-60.
Enye yezinto okusizakala ngayo lolu hlobo lomhlalaphansi ukuthi ukwazi ukuqhubeka nokugcina lolu hlobo lwempesheni yomhlalaphansi bese usebenza ngasikhathi sinye noma ngabe uneminyaka engama-65; kodwa-ke, ukuze uqhubeke nokugcina lolu hlobo losizo ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-65 kufanele ube nenkontileka yokusiza.
Izimo ezithile
Ngokuphathelene nezimo ezikhethekile zesicelo sempesheni yomhlalaphansi, amacala athile ahlukanisiwe, ngokwesibonelo, lolu sizo lungatholakala ngaphambi kweminyaka izimo ezithile kakhulu ezifana nokuba nezinkinga ngokungakwazi ukusebenzaKepha awusoze wakwazi ukuthola usizo lomhlalaphansi ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-65.
Ibalwa kanjani impesheni yomhlalaphansi
Njengoba sesikutshelile ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, abantu abangaphezu kwama-70% abazi ukuthi banamalini empesheni noma impesheni yomhlalaphansi uma sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi futhi abazi ukuthi yini Kunokwehluka phakathi kwenani nelinye kuye ngeminyaka lapho uthatha umhlalaphansi nohlobo lomhlalaphansi olukhethayo.
Okudingayo ukwazi inani lemali ozoyiqoqa lapho uthatha umhlalaphansi:
Into yokuqala okufanele uyazi abale inani lemali ukwazi ukuthi yini i- inani lezinsuku ozisebenzile noma oke wazikhipha emsebenzini, ngoba yizinsuku kuphela obenenkontileka ngazo enkampanini ezizobalwa hhayi izinsuku ozisebenze ngaphandle kwayo. Futhi Kufanele wazi ukuthi izisekelo zeminikelo yansuku zonke noma yanyanga zonke ziyini njengoba kubekiwe esikhathini ngasinye sokubhalisa esinikeziwe.
Isisekelo sokulawula
Isisekelo sokulawulwa yisilinganiso sazo zonke izisekelo zeminikelo ezivuselelwe eminyakeni eyi-15 edlule. Kulesi silinganiso, okungeziwe kuyasuswa futhi kubhekwa i-CPI kuphela. Kufanele ube Izisekelo zomnikelo eziyi-180, okuyilezo ezihlobene neminyaka engu-15 edlule.
Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele buyekeza inani lesisekelo ngasinye, nge-CPI ukuze ziphinde zilinganiselwe esikhathini samanje ukuze wazi inani langempela. Khumbula ukuthi yibo kuphela abangavumeli okumele uphinde uvuselele yizona ezingama-24 zakamuva kakhulu, ngoba lezo zinenani lamanje lemakethe.
Manje, kufanele engeza izisekelo zeminikelo ngamunye ngamunye bese uzihlukanisa ngama-210, okuyizinkokhelo zanyanga zonke zeminyaka eyi-15.
Ukuncishiswa namaphesenti
Lapho nje sesilungile isinyathelo sokuqala futhi siyazi ukuthi siyini isisekelo sokulawula; isinyathelo esilandelayo sebenzisa ama-coefficients ahlukile wokunciphisa.
La maphuzu anciphisa impesheni yomhlalaphansi
- Uma kwenziwa eminyakeni eyi-15 ngemuva kokusebenza, iphesenti lingu-50%
- Uma kwenziwa eminyakeni yokusebenza, iphesenti lingu-65%
- Uma kwenziwa eneminyaka engama-25, iphesenti lingu-80%
- Uma kwenziwa eneminyaka engama-30, iphesenti lingu-90%
- Uma kwenziwa ngemuva kweminyaka engu-35 yomsebenzi, iphesenti lingu-100%.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu?
Ukuqonda itafula kulula kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, Uma ufuna ukucela umhlalaphansi eminyakeni eyi-15 yeminikelo futhi isisekelo sakho sokulawula kungama-euro ayi-1.000 500, inani elilingana nawe ngama-euro angama-XNUMX. Uma usebenze iminyaka eminingi, iba ngaphezulu imali oyiholayo.
Abantu abaqhubeka nokusebenza ngemuva kweminyaka engama-65 banyusa impesheni yabo ngama-2% onyakeni ngamunye owengeziwe abangazange bafake isicelo sosizo lomhlalaphansi futhi uma beqashiwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lowo muntu aqashwe.
Abantu abakhombisa ukuthi bathole okungaphezulu kwe- Iminyaka engama-40 yeminikelo uma ucela impesheni yomhlalaphansi ifinyelela ku-3% ngaphezulu.
Izilingisi zokubala impesheni
Ekugcineni, kufanele sikutshele ngama-simulators ukuze sikwazi ukubala impesheni esinayo.
Ukuze sikwazi ukubala inani lemali esinayo ngempesheni ngayinye ngesimulator, into yokuqala okufanele siyikhumbule ukuthi akufanele usebenzise noma yiliphi ithuluzi le-inthanethi, ngoba asazi ukuthi ngubani esikunika idatha yethu yomuntu siqu.
Kufanele wazi ukuthi Ikhasi lezokuphepha komphakathi line-simulator esebenzayo ukubala inani lemali elihambelana nathi lapho sithatha umhlalaphansi. Kuyinto isicelo esiphephe kakhulu futhi singasetshenziswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Ukuze ukwazi ukukwenza ngokusebenzisa i-simulator, kufanele ube ne- ukusebenza kwempilo kanye nedatha eyisisekelo yeminikelo yeminyaka edlule.
Ngamafuphi
Njengoba ubonile kulokhu okuthunyelwe, ukwenza ukubalwa ngesandla kungaba nzima kakhulu futhi kungathatha nezinsuku ezimbalwa njengoba kunamaphepha amaningi futhi izindleko eziningi kufanele zinakwe; yini engenza ukuthi ngesikhathi esithile ungaphuthelwa inombolo bese wenza wonke ama-akhawunti angalungile. Uma ufuna ukukwenza ngesandla, kufanele unake kakhulu.
Enye into okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi uma usebenze iminyaka eminingi, iyanda imali okufanele uyiqoqe lapho usuthathe umhlalaphansi. Ngokusobala futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga zomsebenzi nobunzima bokuthola umsebenzi, okunconywayo ukusebenza iminyaka eminingi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ufanelekele inani elikhulu lemali.
Okokugcina, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi uhlelo lungaguqula kancane inani lokugcina lemali, ngakho-ke kulula ukuthi ube nayo yonke imibhalo esesandleni ukuze ukwazi ukufaka isicelo uma kunesidingo ngoba amanani awahambelani.