Ama-matildes amadala emakethe yamasheya aseSpain, iTelefonica, angenye yalezo zimiso okungafanele zilahleke ukwenza iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali ezinyangeni ezizayo. Ngenxa yezizathu eziningi nezinhlobonhlobo. Phakathi kwazo, kuyabonakala ukuthi ingenye yamanani ayizethenjwa e-Ibex 35. Inikeza ukuzinza okuthile futhi ine amandla aphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu ngezintengo zayo zamanje. Ukufika lapho inani lentengo yalo, ngokombono wabahlaziyi ababaluleke kakhulu be- imali engenayo, icishe ibe ngama-euro ayi-13 noma ayi-14 ngesabelo ngasinye. Ngesiqalo okwamanje esiseduze nama-euro ayisishiyagalolunye. Kuzoba ngesinye sezikhuthazo onazo ukuthenga amasheya abo.
Izindaba ezimbi zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi, njengoba kunjalo nakuwe, zisekelwe ukuncishiswa kwale nkokhelo ukuthi izinkampani zikhokha ku-akhawunti yamanje yabo bonke abaninimasheya. Lesi silinganiso sizokwenza ukuthi kungabi mnandi kakhulu kubaninimasheya abancane abafisa ukuvula izikhundla kusukela ngonyaka ozayo. Ikakhulukazi uma kungenye yamasheya aphezulu kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokuvunwa kwezinzuzo. Lesi sinqumo sigqugquzelwe isidingo sokwehlisa isikweletu senkampani ehamba phambili kulo mkhakha.
Ngaphandle kokushaywa ngokweqile njengenye yezimpawu zayo eziyinhloko. Akumangalisi ukuthi kuyinani elingalethi ushintsho olukhulu entengo yalo. Ngokuhambisana nalezo ezisethwe yinkomba yokuma yemakethe yamasheya yaseSpain. Akusizi ngalutho phakathi neminyaka edlule ithuthele eqenjini eliye laxhuma phakathi kwama-euro angama-9 no-14 ngesabelo ngasinye. Esinye sezizathu zalesi simo ukuthi sinengqikithi ephawulekayo yabatshalizimali abancane. Ukuhambisa izihloko eziningi kuseshini ngayinye yokuhweba.
I-Telefónica: i-chip eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Esinye sezici zale nkampani ukuthi yakha iqembu elikhethiwe lama-chips aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Noma yini efanayo, amanani amahlanu abaluleke kakhulu emakethe yamasheya aseSpain. Ngale ndlela, kuyisethenjwa sezikhwama eziningi zokutshala imali nezinhlelo zokutshala imali zokwakha iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali. Njengomphumela walokhu kukhethekile, ikunikeza ngozinzo olukhulu ukuthi lubhalwe ezimakethe zezezimali. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuba esinye sezokuphepha esikhona kakhulu ezimakethe zomhlaba, ngesimo esikhethekile kwabaseYurophu.
Kubaluleke kangako enkombeni ekhethiwe yaseSpain ukuthi ukuvela kwayo kuncike kakhulu ekutheni izibambiso zayo zithengiswa kanjani. Uma imakethe yamasheya kazwelonke inamandla amakhulu, ezimweni eziningi kungenxa yesifiso sentengo yale nkampani yezokuxhumana ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ungumshayeli nodabukisayo wezimali zaseSpain. Kufike ezingeni lokuba nezinqumo ngokuphelele ekubumbeni lo mkhuba. Kuyisinqumo esinqumayo kunolunye uchungechunge lwamagugu wenzalo engangabazeki yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Imikhakha: amabhange akhona njalo
Uma ungumtshali-zimali, kuzoba ngezinga elithile ukuthi ujwayele ukugxila ekusebenzeni kwakho emakethe yamasheya kwizibambiso ezivela emakethe kazwelonke, kuyo yonke imikhakha yezimakethe zamasheya. Njengoba ungonga ama-euro ambalwa kumakhomishini asetshenziselwe ukuvula izikhundla. Futhi kuzoba yimakethe yezezimali ozojwayela kakhulu kuyo, hhayi kuphela ngokuhamba kwamasheya, kepha yi ulwazi olukhulu lokuvikeleka okubalwe kuma-stock indices alo. Akumangalisi ukuthi bazoba seduze nephrofayili oyethula njengomtshalizimali wokuthengisa.
Njengomphumela walesi simo, kuzoba lula kakhulu kuwe ukuthi ukwandise imisebenzi oyithuthukisayo kwizimali zaseSpain. Zizoba seduze nezintshisekelo zakhoKepha okubaluleke kakhulu, uzoba nezindlela zokuzivikela ezinkulu ukuvikela ukonga kwakho. Noma kunjalo noma kunjalo kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain isuselwe emikhakheni emithathu enquma kakhulu umnotho wayo wezwe. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ikuphi esikhuluma ngakho? Ngeke ube nokhetho ngaphandle kokuba wamukele lezi ziphetho.
Eminye imikhakha efanelekile
Akungabazeki ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi yikuphi ukuvela kwe-Ibex 35 kuya. Amabhange amakhulu asensimini yethu amelwe. Kusuka kulabo abanezimali ezinkulu kakhulu (i-BBVA, iSantander noma iCaixabank), kuya kulabo abanamabhizinisi aphakathi, futhi abamele iBanco Popular noma iBankia, phakathi kwabanye. Amaqembu amabhange amancane nawo akhona, yize kulokhu kufanele uye emakethe kazwelonke eqhubekayo. Bangamanani azinzile ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi basabalalisa izinzuzo phakathi kwabaninimasheya.
Izinkampani zikagesi ezinye ezinesisindo esithile esiphakeme kunezinye izinkomba zaseYurophu. Unomunye weminikelo ebanzi kunkundla yamanje yokulingana. I-Endesa, i-Iberdrola, iGesi Yemvelo, i-Red Eléctrica noma i-Enagás ezinye zeziphakamiso ongakhetha kuzo uma ungafuni ukuzibona uhilelekile ekunyakazeni okuntengantenga kakhulu, ngisho nangezikhathi ezingezinhle neze zezimali ngokujwayelekile.
Zombili izingxenye zemakethe yamasheya zinikela ngamathuba okuthenga kaningi. Ngenzuzo eyengeziwe yokuthi bakunikeza izinketho eziningi lapho ungabeka khona imali oyongile. Ngaphezulu kweminye imikhakha hhayi nabamele abaningi enkombeni ekhethiwe kazwelonke. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko okufanele ukhethe kuzo lezi zindinganiso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, banikeza izabelo zamasheya ezimweni eziningi ezeqa amazinga we-5%, ngokukhokha ngekota noma ngekota yonyaka, kuya ngenqubomgomo yemiholo yenkampani ngayinye.
Izinkampani ezixhunywe emkhakheni wezokuvakasha
Kungenzeka bangamelwa ngokwendima abayidlalayo emnothweni waseSpain. Kepha bakhona, futhi bangaqoqa imininingwane emihle enikezwa ezokuvakasha zikazwelonke minyaka yonke. Uma ufuna ukuncika kulesi siphakamiso emakethe yamasheya, uzoba ne-NH Hoteles, iSol Melia noma i-Amadeus. Ziyizindinganiso ezizwela kakhulu ekuhambeni kwezivakashi, zombili ensimini kazwelonke, njengakwezinye izindawo zezivakashi. Futhi nokuthi ehlobo banesikhathi lapho kushintshaniswa khona inani elikhulu kakhulu leziqu.
Vele, kuyiqiniso ukuthi abameleli babo ababaningi njengasezingxenyeni zemakethe yamasheya esivele iveziwe. Leli qiniso lisusa izikhuthazo zokwenza iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Kwezinye izimo, ngamandla amakhulu okubonga. Ngoba ngokujwayelekile amanani abo abuyela emuva ekukhuphukeni kwabo ngezikhathi zokwenyuka ezimakethe zezezimali. Yize izabelo ezabiwe kubaninimasheya zingasikiseli njengeziphakamiso zangaphambilini. Ngoba impela, kuyaqabukela yeqa ama-5% amamajini. Ngenzuzo engashayi ngokwanele ukuncika kunoma iyiphi yalezi zimiso.
Isisindo esiphansi somkhakha wokudla
Mhlawumbe okunye ukudumazeka kwemakethe yamasheya yaseSpain kuvezwa amanani ezinkampani zokudla. Abameleli iqiniso lezinkampani zaseSpain. Kufike ezingeni lokukhawulwa kokunye izinkampani zenyama nenye inkampani yokusabalalisa emikhiqizweni yokudla. Ngisho nengxenye enhle yeziphakamiso inesisindo esincane kakhulu enkombeni ejwayelekile. Ngoba zihlanganiswe emikhakheni emincane futhi zibhekiswe kuzitoko ezincane neziphakathi nendawo.
Kukhona neqembu lezinkampani zokudla eziphikisana ngempela nezintshisekelo zakho njengomtshali-zimali. Elinye lamacala afanele kakhulu elomkhiqizi kawoyela I-Deoleo. Ngoba impela, ukube ubuthathe izikhundla ngaleli nani eminyakeni emihlanu eyedlule, ngabe ulahlekelwe yingxenye enkulu yemali oyitshalile. Ngenxa yezinkinga ezikhiqizwe enkampanini futhi eziholele ekutheni amasheya ayo abhalwe ngezansi kwama-euro angu-0,20. Alikho ikhambi lokuchibiyela iphutha lesinqumo sakho.
Izitolo ezinkulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zimelwe inani elilodwa okuyi-Day.Linye lalawo asebenze kahle kakhulu eminyakeni edlule. Ngokuthutheleka okukhulu kwezikhundla zokuthenga ezizibeke ngokusobala kubathengisi. Ngokuthuthuka okukhulu ngaphezu kwenani lalo leminyaka eminingana edlule. Lokhu sekwenze kwaba ukubheja okungaguquki kubhejethi zabatshalizimali abaningi abathengisa. Futhi ngehhuku lokunikeza izabelo kubaninimasheya.
Kumafutha, iRepsol nokunye okuncane
Ngokuqondene nomkhakha wegolide omnyama, obaluleke kakhulu ezimakethe zezezimali zomhlaba wonke, awunakho ukuvezwa kwawo okukhulu lapha. Lincishisiwe laba yinani elibaluleke njenge-Resol, kodwa kunezindlela eziningi kakhulu zokuthatha izikhundla emalini. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukubaluleka kwayo ezimakethe zamasheya zaseSpain kubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa kube sezingeni eliphansi ngenxa yokwehla kwentengo kawoyela ongahluziwe eminyakeni edlule. Kufika ezingeni lokuthi ifinyelele ezingeni lama-euro ayisikhombisa ngamasheya ngamunye. Yize okwamanje izinzile ku amazinga aphakathi kwe-12 ne-14 euros.
Kepha ngale kwale nkampani kawoyela, akukho okuncane okufanele ukwenze. Awunazo ezinye izindlela zangempela zokutshala imali kulo mkhakha. Ngeke ube nokhetho ngaphandle izimakethe ezibhekiswe kwamanye amazwe. Kulokhu, yebo, uzoba nethuba elingcono kakhulu lokuthola iziphakamiso ezingaphezu kwesisodwa zokuthuthukisa amasu akho okutshala imali. Ngezinkampani ezahlukahlukene kakhulu ngokuya ngemodeli yazo yebhizinisi. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ungakhetha phakathi kokukhethwa kukho okuningana. Njengakweminye imikhakha yezimali. Kwelinye lamaqembu ashukumisayo onawo ngaphambi kwakho njengamanje.