Uma ekhaya lakho kunemilomo engaphezu kwemibili yokuphakela, unekhadi elikuqinisekisayo futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, wenza umsebenzi odala umbiko wentela, kufanele waziswe ukuthi kulo nyaka belilayishwe izinto ezintsha ezizuzisa imindeni emikhulu ngqo nangokungaqondile. Ngokuqaliswa kwenguquko yentela, kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2015, kungenzeka wenze isicelo sokudonswa kwiNtela Yemali Engenayo Yomuntu (IRPF).
Lesi silinganiso senoveli siletha phakathi kwezinto eziningi, kuyasiza kulezi zinhlobo zemindeni eziyidinga kakhulu, kanye nabantu abakhubazekile. Le yimali engenayo eyejwayelekile emaphaketheni, enye yezinzuzo zombuso ezinikeziwe.
Njengamanje eSpain, kunenani eliphelele le- Imindeni emikhulu engama-553.458 ngokusho kwemininingwane ekhishwe ukubalwa kwabantu kokugcina konyaka wezi-2013 emindenini emikhulu ehlelwe ngokwezigaba nenani lezingane. Ku-474.651 okukhona imindeni engenazo izingane ezikhubazekile, kuyilapho ezingama-78.807 zikhubazekile nezingane ezinokukhubazeka okuthile. Inani elikhulu lale mindeni lizokwazi ukuhlomula emidonsweni emisha ebekwe nguHulumeni.
Iyahambisana nezinye izinhlelo zikahulumeni
Lezi zibonelelo ezintsha iyahambisana nezinye izisekeli nazo ezivunyelwe kusishayamthetho samanje, njengokuxhaswa okunikezwa imindeni enezingane noma abondli abakhubazekile, okunikezwa ibhonasi yama-euro ayi-1.200 ecaleni ngalinye. Ngendlela efanayo, futhi nosizo ebelivele lukhona isikhathi eside komama abasebenzayo abanezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Kepha-ke ukuthola lezi zinzuzo kuyadingeka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile, bazokwazi kuphela ukujabulela lokhu kusekelwa imindeni amalungu ayo enza isitatimende semali engenayo, noma okungahle kufane, imindeni enamalungu ayo akhokhiswa intela ngenkuthalo kwi-Social Security.
Ngaphansi kwalesi simo, labo ungafinyeleli kubuncane obudingekayo Ukuze bakhokhe intela, ngeke babe ngababolekisi nganoma yiziphi izinzuzo uHulumeni azikhuthazayo. Lokhu kuyishwa, ngoba ngingasho ngokuphepha ukuthi yibona abayidinga kakhulu.
Amanani ashintshiwe
Amanani atholakele aguqulwe maqondana nonyaka odlule, kwabuye kwangezwa nethuba lokuthi lawa angaqoqwa njalo ngenyanga.
Uzithola kanjani
Lezi zinsizakalo kufanele zicelwe mathupha kunoma yiliphi ihhovisi likaMgcinimafa, kepha kufanele uqale wenze i-aphoyintimenti bese ubhalisa kuwebhusayithi ye-Tax Agency, futhi ulethe okuphrintiwe nesiginesha yabo bonke abafaka izicelo zomndeni.
Kukhona enye indlela ebonakalayo eyenzelwe umsebenzisi ukuhambisa isicelo LaseModelo 143 kokudonswayo ngakunye othole kukho ilungelo, ngokusebenzisa i- I-ID kagesi, uhlelo Cl @ ve o uhlelo I-PIN24H.
Uhlu lwezinzuzo ezinikezwa nguHulumeni
Imindeni yaseSpain eyidingayo, njengoba sekushiwo, inelungelo lokuthola izaphulelo eziningi nokusizwa ngumphakathi. Zonke lezo zinzuzo zombuso, zesifunda noma zasendaweni. Mayelana nezinzuzo zesifunda nezasendaweni, lokhu kusungulwa yi-Administration of the Autonomous Community lapho umndeni wakho ungowakho noma yihholo ledolobha likamasipala ofanele, futhi zihlala zehluka ngokuya ngesifunda.
IZINZUZO EZINIKELWA UMBUSO
Usizo olusha enteleni yomuntu ohola ngayo
Inani lama-euro angu-1.200 ngonyaka enganeni ngayinye noma kubaba noma kumama ngeshwa okhubazekile nangenxa yomndeni omkhulu. Futhi inani lizophindwa kabili, ngaleyo ndlela lifinyelele kuma-euro ayizi-2.400 100 endabeni yemindeni emikhulu yesigaba esikhethekile, okungukuthi, banezingane ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu. Uma yehlukile ezinkokhelweni zanyanga zonke, kuzoba yi-200 kanye ne-XNUMX euros ngokulandelana, kohlelo othola kulo inzuzo.
imfundo
Uzothola izifundi, kanye nezingcingo zosizo zokutholwa kwezincwadi nezinto zokufundisa ngendlela elula kakhulu; kanye nokuthandwa ekwamukelweni kwengane yakho ezikhungweni zemfundo zasenkulisa nasezikoleni ezinemali yomphakathi. Imindeni ekhubazekile nayo ingajabulela ukwehliswa okungafika kokungama-50% esigabeni esijwayelekile noma ukukhululwa okungu-100% ekukhokhelweni kwesigaba esikhethekile, ngamanani omphakathi nezintengo. Futhi ekugcineni, bazokwazi ukucela ukwesekwa kwezidingo ezikhethekile zemfundo, izindleko zokuhamba nezokudlela umuntu okhubazekile angazenza.
indawo yokuhlala
Mayelana nezindlu, kunentuthuko ezimweni zokuthola usizo lwezezimali; kunemixhaso eyehlukene yokwazisa noma yokuthola noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezindlu ezintsha noma ezisetshenzisiwe; Ushintsho lwenye indlu olunobuso obukhulu nalo lwenziwe lula; kanye nosizo lokulungiswa kwendlu ezimweni zokuba nezihlobo ezikhubazekile; kanye nokuphathwa okuncomekayo kunoma iyiphi inkontileka yokuqasha yoHlelo Lwezindlu Lombuso.
Izaphulelo ekuhambeni
Imindeni efakazela inani labo izoba nelungelo lokwehliswa phakathi kuka-20% no-50% kunoma yimuphi umgwaqo, ujantshi nolwandle lokuhamba, kanye nezaphulelo nezaphulelo kwezokuthuthwa komoya eSpain. Ukwehliswa kuzoba kusuka ku-5% kuye ku-10%. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uMphakathi waseMadrid uzoba nezaphulelo ezahlukahlukene ezitholakala kuwo Ukudlula kokuhamba, eyehliswa ngo-20% wentengo yayo yoqobo yemindeni emikhulu yesigaba esijwayelekile, nesaphulelo esingu-50% semindeni emikhulu yesigaba esikhethekile.
Izinzuzo Zokuphepha Komphakathi
Umkhawulo wemali okufanele ube nelungelo lamalungelo okwabiwa kwezomnotho we-Social Security uyakhushulwa, enganeni ngayinye encike kuwe ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.
Ukuqasha abanakekeli emindenini emikhulu
Kulokhu kunokwesekwa abakwaSocial Security abazokunikeza umsebenzi ophethe ukunakekela izingane ngesaphulelo esingu-45%. Kuleyo mindeni ejwayelekile, okungukuthi, leyo enezingane eziphakathi kwezintathu nezine, imfuneko eyisisekelo ukuthi abazali basebenze ngaphandle kwekhaya. Kulabo abasesigabeni esikhethekile, okungukuthi, labo abanezingane ezinhlanu noma ngaphezulu, abazali bakhululiwe kulesi simo.
Ukulondolozwa kwemisebenzi
Isikhathi esithathwa njengesohlwini sandisiwe, kanye nesikhathi sokubekiswa kokuqashwa esimweni sokucela ikhefu lokungabikho ukuze banakekele izingane zabo. Ngokuqondile, sandisiwe saba yizinsuku ezingama-20 kubazali bemindeni emikhulu ejwayelekile.
Izinzuzo emisebenzini ehlukahlukene
Bazothokozela intengo ekhethekile lapho bethola imisebenzi yokuzilibazisa noma yezokuvakasha kanye ne-hydrotherapy yomphakathi, kanye nesaphulelo kuzimali okufanele zikhokhwe. Ngokulandelayo, imindeni emikhulu ejwayelekile izokwehliswa ngo-50% emananini okungena ezindaweni zamasiko nezokungcebeleka ezinjengezinkundla zemidlalo yaseshashalazini, iminyuziyamu yombuso kanye namahholo ancike kwiNational Institute of Performing Arts phakathi kwezinye izikhungo ezinikeza izaphulelo ezahlukahlukene.
Ukuncishiswa kwentela
Leyo mindeni emikhulu eyidingayo, izothola ukukhishwa okuhlukahlukene esigabeni esizimele somholo; izaphulelo eziphakathi kuka-4 kuya ku-7% enteleni yokudlulisa impahla noma ukuthola amabhonasi ku-Real Estate Tax (IBI). Kanye nokujabulela izaphulelo kumthethosivivinywa wezindlu.
Isaphulelo ekukhanyeni
Ukuze uthole izaphulelo kubhili yakho kagesi, kuzodingeka ube nebhonasi yomphakathi. Imindeni emikhulu kufanele yethule isihloko sayo somndeni esikhulu kumhlinzeki kagesi abasayine, ngokuzenzekelayo, izokhokhiswa ku ibhonasi yomphakathi.
Isaphulelo emanzini
Lesi saphulelo sihlukile ngokuya nge-Autonomous Community okuso, njengoba sekushiwo, kepha lesi saphulelo singafika ku-20%.
Kushibhile kwezokungcebeleka
Icala elifana nesaphulelo esenziwe kumthethosivivinywa wamanzi, isilinganiso sesaphulelo semidlalo nezokungcebeleka sizokhokhwa yi-Administration of the Autonomous Community lapho uhlala khona. Lesi saphulelo sizoqala kusuka ku-10% kuye ku-50%.
Izinzuzo ezixhunywe kososeshini
Izinhlangano ezithile zinikezwa umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yomphakathi, kanye nezinga lempilo layo yonke imindeni emikhulu neswele esizweni sethu, isibonelo salokhu yisimo seSpanish Federation of Large Families esaziwa ngegama laso elithi FEFN, lapho ukuzihlanganisa kuzokuzuzela wena nomndeni wakho inani elikhulu izinzuzo, amabhonasi nezaphulelo.
Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yohlelo olusungulwe olubizwa nge- plan + Umndeni Lokhu kuqukethe ukusebenzisana kwezinkampani ezibalulekile ezivela emikhakheni ehlukene, kanye nokuxhaswa okungenamibandela kwezeNhlalakahle noMnyango Wezabasebenzi. Izwekazi laseYurophu wumsebenzi wokuphayona osulethile inzuzo enkulu kwezomnotho nakwezenhlalo emindenini emikhulu.
Ngokukhethekile, uhlelo olusha lusebenza ngezaphulelo emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene yezentengiselwano njengokudla, ikhaya, imfundo, izimoto, indawo yokuhlala, izincwadi, okokugqoka, ezokungcebeleka, umshwalense wazo zonke izinhlobo, ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene, ekuhambeni, ezindizeni, ezifundweni, izilimi ezintsha phakathi abanye abaningi.
Uhlelo luhumusha usizo lwalo lube yi- ukulinganiselwa okulinganiselwa kwe-1.500 euros ngonyaka ngomndeni ngamunye. Lolu hlelo lubandakanya ikhwalithi yezenhlalo, esiza amalungu emindeni emikhulu ukuthi athole ukufinyelela okukhethekile ekunikezelweni kwezifundo zokuqeqeshwa kwezemfundo, kanye namabhodi emisebenzi amaningi ezinkampani ezijoyine lolu hlelo, enikeza enye indlela yokuxhasa leyo mindeni eyidingayo. kakhulu.