Esimweni sokungaqiniseki okuphezulu, nangokuntengantenga okukhulu ezimakethe, izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali zithole ushintsho kumthamo wazo wezimpahla emasontweni amathathu okuqala kaMashi. 26.800 million euro, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwehla kwamaphothifoliyo ngenxa yomphumela wemakethe (i-81% yokwehliswa kokulingana okuphelele), futhi kuphela i-19% (5.100 million) ebangelwe yimali ekhokhiwe, njengoba kukhombisa i-Association of Institutions of Collective Investment and Pension Izimali (Inverco). Le volumu yokubuyiselwa kwemali, efanelekile, ayiyona ephezulu kakhulu ochungechungeni lomlando ngoba ibiphakeme ezikhathini eziyisithupha ezedlule.
Lapho isu lokuhlukaniswa lesikhashana elifushane elisuselwa kwimizwelo kunezinhloso zesikhathi esimaphakathi, landa amathuba okuba nephutha futhi kwandisa amathuba okulahleka. Akumangalisi ukuthi izinqumo ezisheshayo zokwehlukaniswa kwesikhashana ziveza amathuba okulahleka kwenzuzo kubaninimasheya. Esinye isiphetho esingathathwa ekuthengisweni kwezikhundla kulo mkhiqizo wezezimali ukuthi kulabo abagcina izikhundla zabo ezimali ngenhloso yokutshala imali yesikhathi esimaphakathi noma isikhathi eside, ukulahleka okufihlekile kamuva kwaguqulwa kwaba yinzuzo; futhi kulabo ababhalisa okusha ngaleso sikhathi, inzuzo elandelayo yenziwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyadingeka ukuthonya, njengasemakethe yamasheya, ukuthi akusona isikhathi sokuthengisa izikhundla ezivulekile esikhwameni sokutshala imali. Ngoba Isikhathi sesihambile futhi sizokwenza lo msebenzi engxenyeni ephansi kunayo yonke entengo yezokuphepha kwayo. Ngokuqiniseka konke ukuthi ngokulahlekelwa kwenani lazo ezimakethe zezimali. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kukho kokubili imali engenayo engaguquguquki noma eguquguqukayo noma ezinye izindlela. Ukuthi kube lula kakhulu ukuthi imininingwane yenzuzo kumele ihlaziywe ngabahlanganyeli ngawodwana, kuya ngesikhathi ababhalise ngaso esikhwameni sokutshala kanye nenzuzo abayinqwabelene futhi babhekelele umkhawulo wabo wokutshala imali.
Thengisa izimali: lesi akusona isikhathi
Ngokuqinisekile akusona isikhathi esihle kakhulu noma esihle kakhulu sokwenza lesi senzo njengoba izimali zokutshala imali, njengoba zenzile ezimweni ezifanayo noma ezimbi kakhulu zemakethe, ziyaqhubeka ukwenza lula ukubamba iqhaza kwabahlanganyeli abayidingayo, kodwa futhi namathuba enzuzo kwabanye. Ngenxa yalokho, kuningi esingakulahlekelwa kunenzuzo ngakho-ke kufanele senze ngokuhlakanipha ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo, ngandlela thile. Ngale ndlela, kuhlakaniphe kakhulu ukulinda kuze kuphele unyaka bese sihlola isimo sangempela sokutshalwa kwemali kwethu. Ukuze siqinisekise inzuzo yabo futhi sibone ukuthi kulula yini ukuthi sidlulisele kwezinye izimali zokutshala imali.
Uma ekugcineni isinqumo esizosithatha ukudlulisela kwezinye izimali zokutshala imali, kufanele siqaphele kakhulu imali engenayo engaguquki ngoba ukululama kwabo kuzothatha kancane kakhulu kunamanye amafomethi. Kuze kufike ezingeni lokuthi kuzosibiza kakhulu ukuthola imali esiyitshale kulo nyaka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi sihlolisise izinzuzo iqiniso lokwenza ukudluliswa ezisinika zona ngokubuka kwentela. Akumangalisi ukuthi yimisebenzi engeke ithinte i-akhawunti yethu yokonga ngoba iyiminyakazo ekhululekile kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhokha futhi engasisiza kumasu okutshala imali esizowenza kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngokungafani nembuyiselo ezoba nenhlawulo engu-19% uma kwenzeka ibhalansi yokugcina yotshalo-mali ivuma kusukela ekuqaleni.
Okhiye kwiphothifoliyo yezimali
Kumele sifunde kokwedlule, futhi ngale ndlela okwenzekile kulo msebenzi kufanele kusisize singenzi amaphutha afanayo njengamanje. Enye yezindlela zokupheka ukuhlangabezana nale nhloso oyifisa kakhulu ukwehlukanisa iphothifoliyo yezimali ezihlangene. Asikhathali ukuphinda leyo yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu vikela ukulondolozwa kwethu Kuvela ekuhlukanisweni kule mikhiqizo okuhloswe ngayo ukonga okuyimfihlo. Akufanele sigxilise yonke imali kubhasikidi ofanayo. Uma kungenjalo, ngokuphambene nalokho, kufanele sikusabalalise ngezinhlobo eziningi nangokuhlukile. Ukuze ngale ndlela sikwazi ukugwema ngempumelelo isimo esifana nalesi esibhekene naso okwamanje, noma ngabe kungumcimbi ohlukile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, impahla yezezimali okungafanele ize ishoda kuphothifoliyo yethu yesikhwama sokutshala imali ixhunyaniswe nezimakethe zamasheya. Ikakhulu ngemuva kokwehla okumangazayo kwentengo yamasheya ezinkampani ezibalwe. Kufike ezingeni lokumelela eyiqiniso amathuba ebhizinisi ngenxa yokulinganisa abanakho njengamanje ezimakethe zezimali. Kokubili maqondana nokuthengwa nokuthengiswa kwamasheya emakethe yamasheya kanye nezimali zokutshala imali ngokwazo. Ngethuba lokubuyekeza elilinganiselwa kakhulu ngenxa yokujula kwalo futhi elingasisiza sithuthukise inzuzo yale mikhiqizo yezezimali kusuka manje. Ngaphezulu kwesimo semali engenayo engaguquki yamazwe omhlaba.
Ukusatshalaliswa okulinganayo
Okungenziwa ukuqasha izikhwama ezahlukahlukene zokutshala imali ezinhlobonhlobo. Akuwenzi mqondo ngoba ukuphela kwento ethandekayo ukuthuthukisa futhi ngena enkingeni efanayo. Ngaphandle kokuthi kuyiphutha ukuthi abatshalizimali abaningi abancane nabaphakathi bavame ukukwenza kaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abanolwazi oluncane kulolu hlobo lotshalo-mali. Ngaphandle kokuziphatha abangakukhiqiza eminyakeni ezayo. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi uye ezikhwameni ezingasizelana futhi ngandlela thile zinqande imiphumela yazo emibi ngokwenzuzo. Hhayi kuphela maqondana nezimpahla zezimali ezikhethiwe, kepha futhi nasezindaweni lapho kugxilwe khona.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, okungabalulekanga kangako ukuthi kufanele siqaphele kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili mayelana nokwehliswa noma ukumiswa kwezinzuzo engxenyeni enkulu yezimali zokutshala imali. Ngalo mqondo, kungakhohlwa ukuthi sisesikhathini lapho abatshalizimali becabanga ukuthi bazolanda isabelo sabo ngenxa ukuqhuma kokumiswa nokuncishiswa wezimpahla zezimali ezenza le nkokhelo kubaninimasheya. Kokubili maqondana nalabo abavela kumasheya kanye nemali engenayo engaguquki. Kufanele unake kakhulu ikhwalithi yazo nokuthi zilawulwa ngendlela esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi zingashintshwa kuzo zonke izimo ezimakethe zezezimali, ngisho nezimbi kakhulu. Kuzofanele silinde kuze kuphele unyaka bese sibheka ukuthi luphi uhlobo lotshalo-mali futhi ngakho-ke inhloso ukubona ukuthi kulula yini ngathi ukudlulisela kwezinye izimali zokutshala imali.
Izingxoxo zezimakethe zamasheya ziyakhuphuka
Imakethe yamasheya yaseSpain ithengise ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-55.468 ngamasheya ngoMashi, 59,9% ngaphezulu kwenyanga efanayo yonyaka odlule kanye no-46,4% ngaphezu kukaFebhuwari. Isibalo sezingxoxo ngoMashi besizizigidi ezingama-7,61, u-142,3% ngaphezu kukaMashi 2019 no-82,9% ngaphezu kwenyanga edlule. NgoMashi, iBME yafinyelela esabelweni semakethe ekuhwebeni kwezokuphepha zaseSpain ezingama-72,39%. Ububanzi obumaphakathi ngoMashi bekungamaphuzu ayisisekelo we-14,96 ezingeni lentengo yokuqala (okungu-16% okungcono kunendawo elandelayo yokuhweba) namaphoyinti ayisisekelo angama-21,43 ngokujula kwama-euro angama-25.000 encwadini yoku-oda (26,1, XNUMX% kangcono).
Lezi zibalo zifaka ukuhweba okwenziwa ezikhungweni zokuhweba, zombili encwadini yokubonisa okusobala (i-LIT), kufaka phakathi indali, kanye nokuhweba okungabonakali (okumnyama) okwenziwe ngaphandle kwencwadi. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani eliphelele lenkontileka emholweni ongaguquki lalingama-31.313 wezigidi zama-euro ngoMashi, okusho ukukhula kwe-26,1% uma kuqhathaniswa noFebhuwari. Ukwamukelwa ekuhwebeni, kufaka phakathi izindaba zesikweletu somphakathi nemali engenayo yangasese, kwafinyelela kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-42.626, ngokukhula kwe-19,5% uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga efanayo ka-2019 no-83,7% uma kuqhathaniswa noFebhuwari walo nyaka. Ibhalansi esele ibingama-1,59 trillion euros, okusho ukwanda kwe-0,9% uma kuqhathaniswa noMashi 2019 kanye no-2% ekuqongeleleni konyaka.
Ngenyanga kaMashi, ukuhweba emakethe yezimenenja zezimali kwaqhubeka nokukhula. Ikakhulukazi kwi-Index Futures, enyangeni ephawulwe ngokwanda kokungazinzi. NgoMashi 12, 77.763 IBEX 35 PLUS izinkontileka zesikhathi esizayo zathengiswa, irekhodi lomlando lansuku zonke, ngaphandle kwamaviki okuphelelwa yisikhathi. Umthamo weSikhathi Esizayo ku-IBEX 35 ukhuphuke ngo-74,6% kwathi ku-Futures Mini IBEX ngo-200,8% ngokuqhathaniswa nenyanga kaMashi wonyaka owedlule. Kokukhethwa Kwamasheya, uMashi bekuyinyanga yesithathu elandelanayo yokukhula uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo sika-2019, ngokunyuka okungu-60,4%.