Kunabatshalizimali abaningi abasezingeni eliphakeme abashaya izinzuzo zokukhiqiza zeNifty ebangeni lama-35% kuye kuma-60%. Benze inzuzo enkulu ngeminyaka abanolwazi ngayo ezimakethe zamasheya. Kufanele ukuthi bakhiqize imbuyiselo ephansi noma kungenzeka balahlekelwe yimali esitokisini.
Ezinsukwini zami zokuqala zokutshala imali, angizange ngenze nzuzo ngoba ngangitshala imali esitokisini ngemuva kokulalela izeluleko zesitoko ezivela kuma-brokerage (nalabo ababizwa ngochwepheshe besiteshi se-TV).
Kungumsebenzi wakho. Wonke umuntu ovela endlini yama-brokerage eya kumawebhusayithi ezezimali kuya kochwepheshe beziteshi ze-TV ukwenza ukholelwe ukuthi ukutshala imali kumasheya kuyinkimbinkimbi njenge-rocket science. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma wazi ukuthi ungazikhethela kanjani amasheya uwedwa, uzoyenza kanjani imali.
IBullish India Stock Exchange
Kepha kuthiwani uma ngikutshela ukuthi kunendlela elula nelula yokukhomba amasheya athile amahle?
Ukuzikhulula: Angikukhuthazi isenzo esithile. Amagama ezenzo ezishiwo kule ndatshana akhombisa ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlaziywa. Zenzele esakho isinqumo ngaphambi kokutshala imali.
Uzuza emakethe yamasheya ngokuzihlaziya kwakho ...
… Futhi kule ndatshana, ngizokuhamba ngezinyathelo ngezinyathelo zokukhetha amasheya amahle nokuthi ungabeka kanjani imali emakethe yamasheya yaseNdiya ngo-2020.
Izinyathelo Ezi-7 Zokutshala Imali Emakethe Yamasheya eNdiya Yabaqalayo
Ake sibheke umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo wokuthi ungatshala kanjani imali emakethe yamasheya eNdiya.
Ukukhetha nokuhlunga Izenzo Ezifanele Kusetshenziswa Izimali
Khetha izinkampani oziqondayo kuphela
Bheka izinkampani ezinomgodi ozinzile (inzuzo yokuncintisana)
Thola izinkampani ezinamazinga aphansi esikweletu
Sebenzisa izilinganiso zezezimali i-RoE ne-RoCE ukukhomba amasheya afanelekile
Ukuphathwa okuthembekile, okusobala futhi okunekhono
Ukuthola inani elifanele lokuthenga amasheya
Ungafunda ngokutshala imali kumasheya anokutshalwa okuncane okunga Rs 10.000.
Funda le ndlela futhi uyisebenzise ngokutshalwa kwezimali okungu-10.000, uma wenza inzuzo engu-5000 ngonyaka wokuqala leyo ndlela efanayo ingasetshenziswa ngokutshalwa kwezimali okungama-Rs 10.00.000. ukuthola ama-5.00.000 Rs. umholo ngokuzayo.
Ukufunda kubaluleke ngaphezu kokuwina
Ukuzikhulula: Izenzo ezishiwo ku-athikili akusona isincomo sokuthenga noma ukuthengisa. Sibathatha njengesibonelo. Faka imali kumasheya ngemuva kokuzikhandla kwakho.
Bangalandela indlela yami noma benolwazi oluncane noma bengenalo nhlobo lwezitatimende zezimali. Ngithembe, ungathola amasheya amahle anokuhlakanipha okuncane nolwazi oluyisisekelo lwebhizinisi.
Izinhlobo zokutshala imali
Ngaphambi kokuba ngichaze indlela yami yokuthatha isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ekukhetheni amasheya, ake siqale siqonde izindlela ezimbili ezihlukene zokuzuza ezimakethe nokuthi yiziphi kulezi zindlela ezimbili ezisetshenziswa iningi labatshalizimali abaphezulu emhlabeni wonke ukuzakhela ingcebo.
I-Commerce
Value utshalomali
Awulungile uma ucabanga ukuthi ukuhweba nokubaluleka kokutshala imali kuyinto efanayo.
Ukuhweba kugxile ekwenzeni inzuzo ejwayelekile ngesikhashana esifushane, kungakhathalekile izimakethe zezinkunzi noma zebhere.
Ngesikhathi semakethe yezinkunzi, ukuhweba kubandakanya ukuthenga ngentengo ephansi nokuthengisa ngentengo ephezulu ngesikhathi esifushane. Ezimakethe eziwayo, benza inzuzo ngokuthengisa okuphezulu nokuthenga okuphansi, okwaziwa nangokuthi kufushane.
Njengoba isitayela sokuhweba sifaka ukungena nokuphuma esikhathini esifushane, isikhathi sokubamba amasheya asikho ngaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa noma usuku kuphela noma, kwezinye izimo, izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Abantu abenza isitayela sokuhweba basebenzisa amathuluzi afana nokuhlaziywa kwezobuchwepheshe okusebenzisa izinkomba eziyinkimbinkimbi njengokuhamba okumaphakathi, i-stochastic oscillator ukubikezela ukuhamba kwesikhathi esizayo kwentengo yesitoko.
Ngezansi kunesithombe-skrini esikhombisa amashadi wokuhlaziya ezobuchwepheshe ukubikezela ukunyakaza kwentengo yamasheya e-Axis bank.
Ukuhweba kungaba yingozi (ukulahlekelwa okukhulu) ngenxa yokungazinzi okukhulu kwamanani wamasheya. Uma ungenalo isu elicacile futhi ungasheshi ngokwanele, ungagcina ulahlekelwe kakhulu, uqede yonke imali. Uma unesifiso sokuhweba ungafunda ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani ukuhweba ngamasheya kwangaphakathi eNdiya.
Imakethe igcwele izibonelo ezinjalo zamadoda alahlekelwe yimali ngokuzivumela ukuthi ahwebe.
Ngizamile ukuhweba eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, ngenza inzuzo yama-Rs 10.000 ngosuku lokuqala futhi ngagcina ngilahlekelwe ngaphezu kwe-100.000 ezinsukwini ezilandelayo. Ngangazi ukuthi ukuhweba akuyona into yami ekhethekile.
Ngigxile emandleni ami, okungukuthi, ngicwaninga amasheya ngiwabambe isikhathi eside.
Value utshalomali
UWarren Buffett uthi, "Uma ungacabangi ngokuba nesitoko iminyaka eyishumi, ungacabangi nangokuba naso imizuzu engu-10." Ngokusho kwakhe, kufanele utshale imali ezinkampanini ongazigcina unomphela.
Inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke abatshalizimali abayizuzayo ngokubamba amasheya isikhathi eside kangako inzuzo yenzuzo, ukuhlukaniswa kwamasheya, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuphuka okukhulu kwamazinga entengo yamasheya njengoba ibhizinisi elingaphansi (lalezo zitoko) likhula ngokunenzuzo eminyakeni edlule.
Lezi zinqolobane zibizwa ngokuthi "izikhwama eziningi" ngenxa yezimbuyiselo eziningi ezizikhiqizela ochwepheshe bokutshala imali. Enye inzuzo enikezwa wukutshala imali ngaphezu kokuhweba ukuthi umuntu angakwazi ukubhekana nokushintshashintsha kwentengo yamasheya ebangelwe yimicimbi yangaphandle noma ukwehla kwezebhizinisi ngenkolelo yokuthi inani lamasheya lizokwehla.izolulama ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi iklomelise abatshalizimali ngembuyiselo ekhangayo .
UWarren Buffet, umtshali-zimali wamanani odumile ukuthi wonke umtshalizimali ufuna ukuzakhela ingcebo ngokutshala imali kumasheya amahle nokuwabamba isikhathi eside. Lokho okubonayo kuleso sithombe kungamandla okwakhiwa okudlalwayo, okungumnyombo wenani lokutshala imali. Uma ubamba amasheya isikhathi eside, kuphumela ekukhuleni okucacayo okudala ingcebo enkulu.
Abantu abenza ukutshala imali ngokubaluleka basebenzise ukuhlaziywa okuyisisekelo ukuthola iziphetho mayelana nokutshala imali esitokisini. Ekuhlaziyweni okuyisisekelo, ukwehla kwentengo yansuku zonke akunakwa, kepha kunalokho kugxila ekutadisheni ibhizinisi elingaphansi kwenkampani, imboni esebenza kuyo, izimali zayo, ikhwalithi yezokuphatha, nokuningi.
Ngenkathi abantu abajwayele ukuhweba bahlose ukuthola ukubuyisa okusheshayo okungu-10% kuya ku-20% esitokisini esisodwa bese bekuthengisa ukuze badlulele kwesinye. Ngale ndlela ungathola inzuzo kepha ungalokothi udale ingcebo. Inhlanhla yenziwa ngokutshala izimali ezitokisini ezifanele bese uzigcina uze wenze imali eshisiwe.
Izinzuzo zentela
Ngokuhweba, ugcina ukhokha intela engu-15% yesikhashana yokuthola imali kuyo yonke imisebenzi oyenzayo njengoba isikhathi sakho sokubamba amasheya singaphansi konyaka owodwa.
Ngenkathi, ngokutshalwa kwemali yenani, imali yakho yentela yenzuzo ingu-10%, noma ngabe inzuzo yakho ingama-Rs 100 crore noma ama-Rs 100 uma unamasheya isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka.
"Ukwenza imali ngamasheya kumele ube nombono wokuwabona, ube nesibindi sokuwathenga, nesineke sokuzibamba." Kukhona izinkulungwane zezinkampani ezibalwe ku-BSE (Sensex) naku-NSE (Nifty). Ngaphandle kokuthi uhlome ngendlela ongayisebenzisa ukuhlunga, uzolahleka olwandle lwezinkampani.
Indlela yokutshala imali engizokwabelana ngayo nami yiyona engizijwayeza yona ukuhlunga amasheya ngaphambi kokutshala imali kuwo.
Ukutshala imali kwevelu kungolwandle uqobo lwalo, futhi abasebenza kulo bahamba ngenqubo eyisicefe yokuhlaziya amasheya ngokufunda izitatimende zezimali, imibiko yonyaka, kanye neminye imininingwane ehlukahlukene ephathelene nempilo yezezimali yenkampani ngaphambi kokutshala imali.
Kepha, ngokususelwa kulokho engikufundile eminyakeni edlule, ngithathe lezi zinyathelo ezilula nezisebenzisekayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuqala indlela yokukhethwa kwamasheya noma ngabe ngingenalo ulwazi olujulile lwezezimali. Ngakho-ke, ekucabangeni kwakho kokuqala, ungasebenzisa izindlela zokukhetha ezilula ukuzisebenzisa ukuhlunga lezo zenzo ezinesisekelo esibonakala siqinile.
Indlela yokukhetha
Isibonelo, ngosizo lwamathuluzi wokuhlola amasheya wamahhala e-Equitymaster, ngisebenzise izindlela zokukhetha ezingenhla ukuhlunga ezinye izitoko engizocabanga ngazo okokuqala.
Ngemuva kwalokho ungabheka ezinye izibalo zokhiye wezezimali njengengxenye yenqubo yokukhetha ngokuchofoza ekhasini ledatha lenkampani. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngamapharamitha engiwasebenzisile kunqubo yokukhetha ukuhlunga amasheya, ungabheka kule ndatshana ngokulinganiswa kwezezimali.
Isinyathelo 2. Khetha izinkampani oziqondayo kuphela
Manje lokho kususelwa kusinyathelo 1 usuhlunge amasheya azwakala ngokusobala kusuka kokunye okungenamsoco, funda kabanzi ngalezi zitoko ngokufunda ngenkampani eyisisekelo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ungakwenza lokhu ngokuvakashela iwebhusayithi yenkampani, ngokulandela izibuyekezo kuzingxenyekazi zemidiya, iGoogling inkampani, nokuthola impendulo evela kubatshali zimali abakanye nabo. Ukufunda kabanzi ngenkampani kuzokusiza uqonde ibhizinisi lenkampani futhi kukunikeze izimpendulo zemibuzo emithathu ebalulekile.
Ingabe ibhizinisi lenkampani lilula?
Ngiyaqonda yini umkhiqizo / insiza?
Ngabe ngiyaqonda ukuthi ibhizinisi lisebenza kanjani nokuthi lenziwa kanjani imali?
Kubalulekile ukuthi utshale imali ezinkampanini oziqondayo, okungenani esigabeni sokuqala lapho ufunda ukutshala imali kumasheya. Ngaleyo ndlela uzokwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi awulahlekelwa yimali.
Isibonelo, ezitokisini esizihluzile esinyathelweni 1, bengizobheka amasheya ezobuchwepheshe afana neTech Mahindra, Vakrangee, neMindtree Ltd.
Lokho kungenxa yokuthi, nginesipiliyoni somsebenzi esibalulekile emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe bolwazi futhi ngiyazifela ngobuchwepheshe, okwenza kube lula kimi ukuqonda la mabhizinisi, izizathu zokukhula kwawo, nokubikezela ukuthi ikusasa lingaphuma kanjani.
Ngokufanayo, umzala wami uvela emkhakheni wemithi ngakho-ke kungaba lula ngaye ukuqonda izenzo zalowo mkhakha. Kungaba namabhizinisi amaningi angadingi kuqeqeshwa ukuze awaqonde nhlobo - cabanga ngemikhiqizo yabathengi njengezicathulo, ukhilimu wokushefa, izimoto, njll.
Isibonelo, ohlwini lwakho oluhlungiwe lwamasheya kukhona inkampani yokukhiqiza enamasondo amabili. Akudingekile ukuthi ube nolwazi ngomkhakha wamasondo amabili ukwazi ukuthi umkhakha wamasondo amabili uhlale ukhombisa ukukhula eNdiya ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo nokuxhumeka okungcono kwemigwaqo.
Ngokunjalo, ngenkathi umkhakha wezezakhiwo ukhula eNdiya, izinkampani ezikhiqiza amathayili (Kajaria), sanitary ware (Cera) nezinye izinkampani zokuxhasa ezifanayo zazifinyeleleka. Imodeli yebhizinisi yenkampani bekufanele ibe lula futhi inkampani kufanele imjabulise. Ekugcineni, uma ungatholi amasheya (izinkampani) ongawaqonda ngokushesha, zinike isikhathi sokufunda inkampani nemboni yayo.
Isinyathelo 3. Thola izinkampani ezinomgodi ozinzile (inzuzo yokuncintisana)
Akwanele ukukhomba izinkampani eziphase ukuhlolwa kwezinombolo zezimali futhi amamodeli amabhizinisi azo aqondakala kalula.
Kwigama lebhizinisi, iPit inzuzo yokuncintisana inkampani eyodwa enayo ngaphezu kwenye ngaphakathi komkhakha ofanayo. Lapho umsele ubanzi, iba nkulu inzuzo yokuncintisana yenkampani futhi inkampani iba namandla okusimama.
Okusho ukuthi kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuthi izimbangi zisuse leyo nkampani futhi zithathe isabelo sayo semakethe. Manje, leso isitoko (inkampani) ongathanda ukusikhetha futhi utshale kuso. Izibonelo zale moat kungaba ngamandla omkhiqizo, amalungelo empahla yengqondo namalungelo obunikazi, imiphumela yenethiwekhi, imithetho kahulumeni elawula izithiyo zokungena, nokunye okuningi.
Isibonelo - i-Apple inegama lomkhiqizo eliqinile, amandla entengo, amalungelo obunikazi, kanye nokufunwa okukhulu kwemakethe okunika umsele obanzi osebenza njengezithiyo kwezinye izinkampani.
Akumangalisi ukuthi i-Apple isiseduze nokuba yinkampani eyizigidigidi zamadola futhi ikhiqize inzuzo enkulu unyaka nonyaka, yaholela inzuzo enkulu kubatshalizimali bayo. Esinye isibonelo esilula semikhiqizo enezingodo eziqinile iMaruti, Colgate, Fevicol enenani elikhulu lememori kwimemori yomphakathi.
Ngokunikezwa kwenethiwekhi yabo enkulu yokusabalalisa ezifundazweni eziningi kanye nohulumeni wokufaka amandla kwedijithali, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuthi umuntu oncintisana naye abasuse emakethe.
Akumangalisi ukuthi intengo yesitoko inyuke isuka ku-Rs 16 ngo-2010 yaya ngaphezu kwama-Rs 500 ngo-2017. (Qaphela: Izintengo zamanje zingakhuphuka zehle ngokuya ngezinhlungu zesikhashana ezimakethe)
Ngakho-ke, funa futhi ukhombe izinkampani ezinjalo ezinemihubhe eqinile ezinsukwini zokuqala.
Isinyathelo 4. Thola amazinga aphansi esikweletu
Izinga elikhulu lesikweletu libeka engcupheni enkulu inkampani. Izindlela ezimbalwa zokukhetha ebesizisebenzisa ukuhlunga amasheya bekuyizinga lesikweletu / lokulingana kanye nesilinganiso samanje.
Lezi zilinganiso ezimbili ziyizinkomba zokuthi inkampani incike kangakanani kunkunzi yemali ebolekiwe (isikweletu) ukukhokhela ukukhula kwayo nokuthi inkampani izokwazi yini ukuhlangabezana nezibopho zayo zemali yesikhashana.
Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhethwa amasheya, ngaphandle kwalawa ma-ratios, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi inkampani isiphathe kanjani isikweletu sayo eminyakeni yamuva. Inkampani enciphisa isikweletu sayo izokhuphula ngokuzenzakalela inzuzo yayo, okuyisibonakaliso esihle empilweni yezimali yenkampani.
Amathiphu alula wokuhlola impilo yezezimali:
Enye indlela yokwenza lokhu ukubuyekeza ibhalansi yenkampani lapho kubhalwe khona izikweletu zamanje zenkampani nezikweletu zesikhathi eside. Ngokuvamile, isikweletu sesikhathi eside yisikweletu esivuthwa ngemuva kwesikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyi-12. Futhi izikweletu zamanje zifaka phakathi isikweletu senkampani okufanele sikhokhwe kungakapheli unyaka.
Amabhizinisi anezikweletu eziningi kakhulu zesikhathi eside azokuthola kunzima ukukhokha lezi zikweletu, njengoba iningi lemali yazo iya ekukhokheni inzalo, okwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa imali kwezinye izinhloso. Lokhu kubeka ubungozi bokusimama futhi kungaholela ekuqothulweni kwenkampani. Bangalandela indlela yami noma benolwazi oluncane noma bengenalo nhlobo lwezitatimende zezimali. Ngithembe, ungathola amasheya amahle anokuhlakanipha okuncane nolwazi oluyisisekelo lwebhizinisi. Izindlela ezimbalwa zokukhetha ebesizisebenzisa ukuhlunga izitoko bekuyizinga lesikweletu / lokulingana kanye nesilinganiso samanje.