Lapho wenza utshalomali lwakho ezimakethe zokulingana zaseSpain, enye yezinto okufanele uzibheke umkhakha ozoqondisa kuwo yonke imali oyongile. Kuzoba yisinqumo esibaluleke kakhulu ekuguqukeni okulandelayo kwephothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali ngoba umehluko kusuka komkhakha othile uye komunye emakethe yamasheya finyelela ku-5%. Futhi ngakho-ke kungathonya umphumela wokusebenza kwakho ngalezi zimpahla zezimali. Ngalesi sizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlaziye imikhakha engaba ngcono ukuvikela izintshisekelo zakho njengomtshali-zimali.
Ngaphakathi kwalesi simo jikelele, kufanele ubone ukuthi okunikezwayo okuhlinzekwa yimakethe yezimali kubanzi kakhulu futhi kuhlukile ngokwemvelo. Ukusuka ukubhenka kuya kugesi, edlula kulokho kokudla. Lokho wukuthi, uneziphakamiso eziningi ongakhetha kuzo futhi lolu khetho luzovezwa ekuziphatheni okuhlukile yimikhakha yemakethe yamasheya eshiwo ngenhla. Lapho elinye lamasu okutshala imali ongawenza kungukuhlukahluka kuwo njengenhloso yokonga imali kusukela manje.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulula ukuthi wazi ukuthi eminye imikhakha isebenza kangcono kuneminye ngezikhathi ezithile. Kokubili maqondana nezinqubo ezinwebekayo nezicindezelayo. Futhi ukuthi ezimweni zombili kuzodinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile ngokuya ngesimo somnotho. Ngalesi sizathu, yingakho imikhakha ezingeni lomhlaba jikelele ingahlukanisa phakathi ama-cyclicals nama-non-cyclicals nokuthi bangakunika umbono ongaphezu kowodwa wokuthi kufanele ukhethe kuphi amanani okwenza imali etholakalayo izuze. Okuthile okusetshenziswa yingxenye enhle yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi ukwenza izinqumo zabo ezimakethe zezimali zezwe lethu.
Imikhakha emakethe yamasheya, ukubhenka
Akungabazeki ukuthi ingenye yezinto ezifanele kakhulu emakethe yamasheya kazwelonke futhi inesisindo esibaluleke kakhulu kwi-Ibex 35. Iyingxenye emelelwe kahle kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali zikazwelonke futhi kunoma ikuphi ukwedlula izinkomba zamazwe angomakhelwane . Nabamele njengoba benjalo I-BBVA, iSantander, iBankia noma iSabadell ukusho ezinye iziphakamiso zalo mzila obalulekile webhizinisi. Okubonakala ngenani lesabelo esinikela ngesivuno esimaphakathi esingaba ngu-5%, ngokwesilinganiso samanani weklabhu ekhethiwe emakethe yamasheya aseSpain. Lokho wukuthi, ngeke ube nankinga ngokufaka imali yakho kusuka manje.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi lesi sigaba samanani sibonakala ngokuphepha kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho okwenzekile eminyakeni yamuva nge I-Banco Popular futhi ngezinga elincane neBankia. Ngale ndlela, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi lo ngomunye wemikhakha emibi kunazo zonke eye yaziphatha ngonyaka wezi-2019. Ngokuncipha kwezikhundla zayo nokuthi kokunye ibibaluleke kakhulu kwizintshisekelo zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngenxa yengozi abayithweleyo futhi lokho kungadala enye inkinga kusuka kulezi zikhathi eziqondile.
Ugesi njengenani lesiphephelo
Kungumkhakha wesiphephelo ngokusebenza kahle njengoba kubonisiwe engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka wezi-2019 ukwazisa konyaka okungaphezu kuka-10% futhi lokho kubika nokusatshalaliswa kwezabelo ngezinga lenzalo esondele kakhulu ku-7%. Ngamanye amagama, okuphezulu kunkomba ekhethiwe yezimakethe zokulingana zikazwelonke. Ukuzivikela kulokho okungenzeka ezimakethe zezimali ezinsukwini ezizayo. Ngokuphepha okufana ne-Endesa, Iberdrola noma i-Naturgy, njengokunye okuhambisana kakhulu.
Lo mkhakha ubonakala ngokuthi usebenza kangcono ekunyakazeni ngokweqile emakethe yamasheya futhi, kunalokho, kubi kakhulu kunalokho okukhulayo. Ngokwalokhu kubuka, ukubheja kwemakethe yamasheya okunabasebenzisi abavikela kakhulu noma abalondolozayo abanesikhundla esikhulu ekuvuleni izikhundla. Akumangalisi ukuthi yibo ababasiza kakhulu ukugcina izikhundla zabo emakethe yamasheya, kukhuliswa ngenzuzo yemihlomulo yabo yokuphana kubaninimasheya. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanani abo azinze kakhudlwana kunezinye izingxenye zebhizinisi.
Izinkampani zokwakha ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwezitini
Ngokuyisisekelo kungumkhakha wezomnotho waseSpain futhi usebenze njengomamukeli wokonga ingxenye enkulu yabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Okwamanje, ukwehluka ezinkampanini zabo kubanzi kakhulu, lapho kunamanani athile okusobala ukuthi akhona, kanti amanye asendaweni engemihle. Nge Ukusatshalaliswa kwesahlukaniso okungeyona enye yezinto ezinomvuzo kunayo yonke enkombeni ekhethiwe yamasheya aseSpain. Ngaphandle kokuthi imigqa yebhizinisi layo ibe nenzuzo enkulu eminyakeni yamuva.
Ngalo mqondo, i-ACS, i-Construction and Services Activities, ifakiwe ku-Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI), zombili ku-global (DJSI World) nasenkombeni ye-European (DJSI Europe). Lawa ma-indices angenye yezimpawu zomhlaba jikelele ekuphathweni nasekusimeni futhi abona izinkampani ezihola phambili, ngokuya ngemigomo yezomnotho, ezemvelo kanye nezenhlalo besebenzisa indlela yokuhlola efuna kakhulu kanye nenqubo.
Umkhakha wezokuvakasha unamandla amancane
Lona ngomunye wemikhakha yomnotho wezwe onethonya elikhulu futhi nokho awunawo amandla amakhulu ezinkampanini zezimakethe zamasheya zezwe lethu. Ngamanani ambalwa kakhulu futhi iningi lawo kufanele lihlanganiswe enkombeni ekhethiwe yama-equities kazwelonke, i-Ibex 35. Lapho kukhona izingxenye zebhizinisi ezifana nezindiza, izindawo zokubhuka futhi ikakhulukazi izindawo zokuhlala amahhotela. Ngamasiginesha wokubaluleka kwe- Amahhotela e-NH, Sol Meliá, Amadeus, IAG noma iVueling. Ngongxiwankulu abaphakathi noma abancane ezikhundleni zabo ezimakethe zezimali.
Emkhakheni, njengokuvakasha, obe nezikhathi zeminyaka eminyakeni edlule lapho imali engenayo engatheni evela kwezokuvakasha zakwamanye amazwe ikhule ngokusho kweBhange laseSpain ngokwesilinganiso samanani wonyaka we-4%, okungukuthi, amazinga okukhula ka-2% unyaka nonyaka ngemuva kokwehlisa ukwehla kwamandla emali . Kepha lokho akubanga nomthelela ezimakethe zezezimali. Uma kungenjalo, ngokuphambene nalokho, zingamanani okwamanje akhombisa ukuthambekela phansi naphezu kwe- idatha enhle evela emkhakheni wezokuvakasha eSpain. Ngokubuya kwesabelo ngasinye esingezansi kweseminye imikhakha futhi lokho kube yingcindezi yokuthengisa okumele ifakwe kumthengi.
Umkhakha wezimboni, ubonakala kancane kakhulu
Ayinawo amandla njengakwamanye amazwe asendaweni esiseduzane kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokumelwa kwayo enkombeni ekhethiwe yama-equities kazwelonke. Lapho izingxenye zayo ezifanele kakhulu yizigayo zensimbi ze I-Arcelor noma i-Acerinox. Lapho umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi engxenyeni yesibili yowezi-2019 umi kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-22,8, okusho ukwanda ngo-4,3% uma kuqhathaniswa nekota yokuqala yowezi-2019 nokwenyuka ngo-4,8% maqondana nekota yesibili yonyaka wezi-2018; inani lokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka wezi-2019 kwakungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-44,6, okusho ukwanda kwamaphesenti ama-3,5% kumatemu wonyaka nonyaka.
Ukuphakelwa akumelwe
Ngenye yemikhakha ebaluleke kakhulu futhi izehlakalo zayo ezingadluli ezinkampanini ezimbalwa ezibalwe. Lapho ingxenye yayo efaneleke kakhulu ikhona Ebro nokuthi akubhalwanga ngqo kwi-Ibex 35. Kunoma ikuphi, kungelinye lemikhakha evikela kakhulu amasheya emali kuzwelonke futhi okukhona ukuvikela ukonga kwabasindisi abancane nabaphakathi abangafuni ubungozi ekusebenzeni kwabo. Futhi ngakho-ke bakhetha ezinye zalezi zivikelo ezingahambelani nenzuzo yezinzuzo zabo.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, zinemali enkulu kakhulu ngoba zimbalwa kakhulu izihloko ezihamba kuzo zonke izikhathi zokuhweba. Yini evumela izandla eziqinile zezimakethe zezezimali ukuthi zisebenzise amanani entengo yamasheya abo. Lokho kusho ukuthi, ngezihloko ezimbalwa kakhulu bangenza lezo ezivumelana kahle nezintshisekelo zabo futhi eziphikisana nezinhloso zabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Ngokombono, lo mkhakha awunconyelwa kakhulu ukuvula izikhundla kusuka manje. Uma kungenjalo, kunalokho, kunalokho kwenzelwa imisebenzi ethile futhi kukhawulelwe kunani lokusebenza.
Lokhu kwenziwa ngokufingqa eminye yemikhakha lapho ungatshala khona imali yakho etholakalayo. Yize kungenxa yeziphakamiso ezimbalwa kakhulu ongaya kuzo futhi zonke azibonakali kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali. Ngethonya elingafanelekile kubasebenzisi. Ngokubuya kwesabelo ngasinye esingezansi kweseminye imikhakha futhi lokho kube yingcindezi yokuthengisa okumele ifakwe kumthengi.