Izilinganiso zikaMilton Friedman

Kukhona osomnotho abaningi abadumile abangasikhuthaza ngobuhlakani nangolwazi lwabo, ngokwesibonelo, ngemishwana emikhulu kaMilton Friedman. Lo waseMelika uzuze idumela elibalulekile engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-XNUMX. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho ke waba ngomunye wabagxeki abakhulu bemibono yezomnotho ehlobene noJohn Maynard Keynes. Uchaze imodeli yezomnotho exubekile eyaba yinto ejwayelekile enanini elikhulu lamazwe athuthukile ngesikhathi seMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba.

Ngenxa yokubaluleka nethonya ayenalo uFriedman ngaleso sikhathi, sizoyinikela kuye le ndatshana. Sizokhuluma kancane nge-biography yakhe kanye nomqondo wakhe, kepha sizogqamisa ikakhulukazi imishwana kaMilton Friedman.

Imishwana engu-12 ehamba phambili kaMilton Friedman

UFriedman uchazwe ngu The Economist njengoba "Usomnotho onethonya elikhulu engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-XNUMX" futhi "omkhulu phakathi kwezomnotho." Ngalesi sizathu, imishwana kaMilton Friedman ayichithwa. Kunconywa ukuthi uwafunde ukuze ukhuthaze ukucabanga kwethu okucabangayo:

1. "Izimpikiswano eziningi eziphikisana nemakethe yamahhala zisuselwa ekungazethembini kwenkululeko uqobo."
2. «Ngiyavumelana nokwenza kube semthethweni izidakamizwa. Ngokwe-value system yami, uma abantu befuna ukuzibulala, banelungelo lokuzibulala. Ubungozi obuningi obutholakala ezidakamizweni yingoba abukho emthethweni. "
3. "Ngaphandle kokunye, osomabhizinisi bayayithanda imakethe yamahhala, kodwa bayaphikisana uma kukhulunywa ngebhizinisi labo."
4. "Kuyinkinga yokuziphatha ukuthi uhulumeni usephenduka izigebengu abantu okungenzeka ukuthi benza okuthile thina nawe esingavumelani nakho, kodwa into engalimazi omunye umuntu."
5. "Elinye lamaphutha amakhulu ukwahlulela izinqubomgomo nezinhlelo ngezinhloso zabo kunemiphumela yabo."
6. "Kumele uhlukanise ngokusobala phakathi kokuba yisitokofela nokuba yibhizinisi elenza inzuzo."
7. “Umphakathi obeka ukulingana ngaphambi kwenkululeko ngeke ube nakho. Umphakathi obeka inkululeko ngaphambi kokulingana uzothola isilinganiso esikhulu sakho sobabili.
8. Ohulumeni abakaze bafunde; abantu abafundayo kuphela.
9. “Kumele sazi ukuthi akufanele silindele into engenakufinyeleleka. Ngingathanda ukubona kuncane kakhulu okwenziwa nguhulumeni kunalokhu esikhona manje, kodwa angicabangi ukuthi singaba nesimo lapho singamdingi khona nhlobo uhulumeni. "
10. «Ubuhle obukhulu bohlelo lwemakethe yamahhala ukuthi imakethe ayinandaba nombala wabantu; akanandaba ukuthi iyini inkolo yakhe; unendaba kuphela uma ungakhiqiza into oyifunayo. Luhlelo olusebenze kakhulu esiluthole ukuvumela abantu abazondanayo ukuthi babambisane futhi basizane.
11. “Impikiswano yokwenqatshelwa kwezidakamizwa iqine futhi ibuthakathaka njengempikiswano yokwenqatshelwa kokudla ngokweqile. Sonke siyazi ukuthi ukudla ngokweqile kubangela ukufa okuningi kunezidakamizwa.
12. «Kunezindlela ezine zokusebenzisa imali: Ungazisebenzisela imali yakho. Futhi uma uchitha imali yakho ngokwakho, uyaqaphela ukuthi uyisebenzisela ini, futhi uyaqiniseka ukuthi uzuza kakhulu kuwo wonke amadola. Ungasebenzisa imali yakho, kwabanye. Isibonelo, ngithengela othile isipho. Uma wenza lokhu, uyaqaphela ukuthi ungasebenzisi imali eningi, kepha awukhathazeki kangako ngokuqukethwe yisipho. Ungasebenzisa imali yomunye umuntu, ngokwakho. Yebo, futhi uma usebenzisa imali yomunye umuntu kuwe, uqiniseka ukuthi uthola ukudla okumnandi. Ekugcineni, ungasebenzisa imali yomunye umuntu, komunye umuntu. Futhi uma ngikwazi ukusebenzisa imali yabanye komunye umuntu, anginandaba ukuthi ngisebenzisa malini noma yini engiyithengayo. Futhi yilokho uhulumeni akwenzayo futhi umele cishe u-40% wemali engenayo kuzwelonke ”.

Ngubani uFriedman?

Manje njengoba sesazi imishwana eyishumi nambili ehamba phambili kaMilton Friedman, ake sikhulume kancane ngokuthi ngubani lo muntu. Wazalwa ngo-1912 eBrooklyn. Umndeni wakhe wamaJuda wawunezinsizakusebenza ezinesizotha, kepha noma kunjalo, uFriedman wakwazi ukwenza kahle ezifundweni esemncane futhi waphothula esikoleni esiphakeme eneminyaka eyi-16 nje kuphela. Kamuva, waya emakilasini ezifundweni zezibalo nakwezomnotho eRutgers University. Uqede imfundo yakhe nge-master degree kwezomnotho evela e-University of Chicago. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-30 efundisa, wagcina ngokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngo-1977.

UMilton Friedman uthole iNobel Prize ngeminikelo yakhe kwezomnotho. Ngisho nangemva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi, lo somnotho omkhulu waqhubeka nokukhuluma nokubhala esidlangalaleni waze wadlula ngo-2006.

Uyini umbono kaMilton Friedman?

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uMilton Friedman wayengumsunguli wenkolelo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-monetarist. Kungumcabango wokuthi amandla emakethe yamahhala, ngokujwayelekile, asebenza kangcono kakhulu kunanoma yikuphi ukungenelela komphakathi ekukhuthazeni ukukhula komnotho okuzinzile ngaphandle kwengcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Izilinganiso zikaJoseph Stiglitz

Ngiyethemba izingcaphuno ezinhle zikaMilton Friedman zikukhuthazile futhi zakusiza ukuthi uthole ukuqonda okusha. Ukwazi osomnotho abakhulu, imicabango yabo nezindlela zabo kuhlala kuyindlela enhle yokufunda nokukhula.