Okunye ukwesaba kwabatshalizimali baseSpain ukuthi kungahle kube noMsombuluko omnyama ezimalini zaseSpain. Ukuze wazi ukuthi yini eyiqiniso yalesi simo, kuzodingeka ukuthi ubuyekeze umlando. Akumangalisi ukuthi emhlabeni wezimakethe zezimali, lowo Msombuluko omnyama obulalayo ubizwa ngokuthi uMsombuluko omnyama, Okthoba 19, 1987, lapho izimakethe zamasheya emhlabeni wonke zaphahlazeka ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Ngaphansi kokuqina okungaziwa kancane kuze kube yileso sikhathi. Ngokuphahlazeka okungafika kumadijithi aphindwe kabili nalapho abatshalizimali beshiye khona imali eningi endleleni. Uvalo luphuthume ezindaweni zabo. Ngokuthengisa okukhulu kubo okubambe noma yiluphi uhlobo lokululama.
Kulula kakhulu ukuthi wazi ukuthi ukuwa kukaMsombuluko omnyama kwaba ukuwa kwamaphesenti wesibili ngobukhulu okwenzeka ngalo lolo suku emlandweni wezimakethe zamasheya. Lokhu kuhlala kuze kube yilolu suku, kepha kuhlala kukhona enkumbulweni yabo bonke abatshalizimali. Lapho kuvela khona inkinga uma lokhu umcimbi kungenzeka kusukela manje. Ngisho nabanye abahlaziyi bezezimali bayixhumanisa nokuthi kungenzeka ekugcineni ICatalonia yehlukana nesizwe saseSpain. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka yini ukuthi uphinde ukhulule omunye uMsombuluko ezimakethe zezimali futhi?
Yize kuyindlela ekude kakhulu, nayo akufanele ikhishwe ngokuphelele. Kufanele uzilungiselele konke, nokunye okuningi lapho sikhuluma ngemakethe yamasheya. Ukuzwela kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwezehlakalo zomphakathi nezepolitiki. Lapho okungeke kube khona ukukhetha ngaphandle konga imali impilo yonke. Ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa isu elifanele ngokwengeziwe, sizochaza ukuthi kungani manje isimo singafani ncamashi ezimakethe zezimali. Yize ingaqhuma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Omunye uMsombuluko omnyama emakethe yamasheya?
Uma ubhekene nethuba elinjalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubone ukuthi ngabe lesi simo singekho kangako kwizintshisekelo zakho njengomtshali-zimali omncane naphakathi singakhiqizwa. Impela, izimo ngeke zifane nalowo Msombuluko omnyama we-1987. sekudlule iminyaka eminingi nezimakethe zezezimali zehlukile. Ngokwesimo sezwe elenziwe ngobubanzi bomhlaba elingafanela impendulo yabo. Kunoma ikuphi, kuzothakazelisa kakhulu kuwe ukubona umehluko owenziwe eminyakeni edlule. Ngenhloso enkulu ukuthi nguwe uqobo ozodonsa imiphumela kulokhu okungenzeka sikulethele lesi sikhathi.
Ngale ndlela, uzoba namathuluzi amaningi futhi angcono ezimakethe zezimali. Kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuze ungabanjwa ngonyawo oluhlukile futhi ungalahlekelwa yimali eningi kulesi simo esingafuneki. Njengamanje i- izindlela zokuzivikela sezihambile ngokuqaphelekayo. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi ukwazi ukwandisa ukusebenza kusuka kumikhiqizo noma amafomethi okutshala imali asebenza kangcono ezimeni ezingezinhle neze emakethe yamasheya. Njengesibonelo, kusuka kumamodeli e-inverse. Lapho ukuwa kukhulu khona, kukhula izinzuzo eziya kwi-akhawunti yakho yokonga.
Imakethe yamasheya emhlabeni jikelele
Kukhona into eyodwa ecace ngalesi sikhathi futhi lokho ukuthi ukubumbana kwezwe ayikuvumeli ukuwa okukhulu kwangaphambilini. Vele ukwehla kuzoba ngamanani, futhi kube namandla kakhulu. Kepha yizilinganiso zangonyaka owedlule njengoba izindlela zokuzivikela zikhulu futhi zineziqinisekiso ezinkulu zempumelelo. Ngokwenza ukuxhumana okukhulu phakathi kweminotho yomhlaba, usizo olusuka kolunye uhlangothi lweplanethi luye kolunye luyathuthukiswa. Njengoba ubuqinisekisa eminyakeni yamuva. Ngokungenelela kombuso ukumisa nokunciphisa ukuwa emakethe yamasheya. Ngalo mqondo, kuyiqiniso ukuthi usungakwazi ukuzola kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Esinye isici esifanele ukusihlola yiso esibhekisa eqinisweni lokuthi kukhona uchungechunge losomaqhinga olwenzelwe ukuvimbela ukuwa okunjalo okuqinile emakethe yamasheya ukuthi kungenzeki. Noma okungenani lokho zikhawulelwe kakhulu ngokwesikhathi. Manje usungahlala amasonto ambalwa noma izinsuku, kepha bese kuza ukuzinza kwamanani esitoko. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukwehla kwezinga eliphansi kakhulu kuyakhula. Lapho ungalahlekelwa yimali eningi ekusebenzeni. Akumangalisi ukuthi lokhu kuhamba kungalulwa iminyaka eminingi, njengoba bekulokhu kunjalo. Kulesi sici akukho okushintshile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ihlala ifana njalo, ngaphandle komehluko omkhulu ekuguqukeni kwamanani.
Ukwamukelwa kwezindlela zokuzivikela
Ngemuva kwenhlekelele yokugcina yezomnotho ka-2007, amazwe anamandla kakhulu emhlabeni awazange athule ngaphambi kwalezi zinsizi. Futhi bathuthukise izinhlelo zokulindela nezamanje kulezi zimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingabonakala ezimakethe zezimali. Kusuka ku- inqubomgomo yemali efanele ekwenziweni njalo kwezimakethe zezimali. Yize enye yezinyathelo ezifanele kakhulu ivela ekumisweni kwizilinganiso zamasheya noma izinkomba zemakethe yamasheya. Kuyisikhali esisebenza kahle kakhulu ukulwa nalezi zimo ezingezinhle kubo bonke abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Emakethe yamasheya kazwelonke kungumkhuba ojwayelekile kakhulu ukumisa ukufakwa ohlwini lwezinkampani eziyizenzo zabacabangi. Ingahlala amahora amaningi, kepha ingaqhubeka unomphela ngezikhathi zokuhweba eziningana. Esinye sezibonelo ezaziwa kakhulu ngabatshalizimali ukuthi okwenzekile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule ngamasheya we Liberbank. Ukuze ingazehlisi ngokuqhubekayo, iNational Securities Market Commission (CNMV) kudingeke ukuthi ikumise ukuguquguquka kwayo ezimakethe. Njengesilinganiso sokugcina amalungelo wabatshalizimali. Okwezinsuku ezimbalwa ukucaphuna futhi.
Izinqubomgomo ezivamile zomnotho
Vele, olunye ushintsho olube nomthelela ukuze omunye uMsombuluko omnyama ungaphinde uvele ezimakethe zamasheya ukuhlanganisa izinqubomgomo zezomnotho. Phakathi kwezindawo ezisemqoka zomhlaba. Kusuka e-United States kuya eJapane, kudlula endaweni ye-euro. Ngemihlangano yalawa mabhulokhi futhi phakathi kwalowo obeka inkanyezi ku- G 10. Lapho ihlangana khona namazwe ayishumi anesisindo esithile emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kokunquma izinyathelo ezizosetshenziswa ukuze le micimbi ingaphinde yenzeke. Noma okungenani ngamandla wangaphambilini. Ukusuka kuleli phuzu uzophinda uvikeleke kakhulu kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngokusebenzisana okubanzi kwamazwe omhlaba.
Imibiko yekota
Kuphinde kuthonywe iqiniso lokuthi bobabili ama-ejenti emakethe ahlukene kanye namabhange otshalo-mali uqobo akhipha imibiko ngezikhathi ezithile ngesimo sezimakethe zezimali. Lapho i- izimpawu zokuqala ezingaxwayisa ekuhambeni kwalezi zici. Ngenhloso enkulu yokuthi uMsombuluko omnyama wobukhulu bangaphambilini ungaphinde ubekhona. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi kuzoba yisethenjwa sakho ukuvumelanisa iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali ngokuya ngemicimbi. Ngosizo olukhulu ukuvikela izintshisekelo zakho njengomtshalizimali omncane naphakathi.
Ngaleli su lokutshala imali eliyingqayizivele uzokwazi ukuvula ezinye izimakethe. Kokubili kusuka kwezinye izimpahla zezezimali nakwezinye izindawo. Lapho i- ukwehluka kuzoba ngenye yezindlela ezijwayelekile zokudlala kwakho. Ngaphezu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe nokuyisisekelo. Lokhu empeleni kuzokusiza ukuthi uvikeleke kakhulu kunakuqala. Ngaphandle kokudela iminyakazo yokwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo ngendlela efanele nephumelelayo.
Ukunyakaza okuncane okungahambi kahle
Ngenxa yalezi zenzo, ukwehla okubukhali okuqhamuke ngoMsombuluko omnyama kuzonqunyelwa. Kepha umbuzo obuzwa abanye abatshalizimali ukuthi isikhathi esingakanani. Besaba ukuthi noma yikuphi ukugqama kwempahla yezezimali kungahle kuhlehlise la macebo. Impendulo yale ndlela eyinkimbinkimbi ingaxazululwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yize izinto zibukeka sengathi zilawulwa kakhulu kuneminyaka edlule. Akunasimo lapho ukuvela kwesimo esimangazayo ezimakethe zezezimali kungakhishwa ngaphandle. Lapho isilinganiso esihle ongasithatha kusuka manje kuzoba khona uxwayise ngalezi zinhlangano ezingazelelwe. Kuzoba yindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuvikela ukonga impilo yakho kunoma ibuphi ubunzima.
Awukwazi ukukhohlwa ukuthi uma kwenzeka, ungalahlekelwa ngaphezu kwengxenye yeminikelo yakho yezezimali unomphela. Kuyinto ebucayi kakhulu ukukwenza ucabange kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngoba omunye wemithetho eyisisekelo kumasheya ukuthi akudingekile ukuthi kutshalwe imali ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kuyiphutha elikhulu elingenza ulahlekelwe yimali eningi. Ngesixazululo esilula kakhulu ohlangothini lwakho futhi lokho kuqukethe ukuthatha izikhundla lapho isimo sezimakethe zezimali sikweluleka kanjalo. Ngaphandle kokwenza lokho kufanele utshale imali ngokungadingekile futhi uthathe izingozi eziningi. Vele ngaphezu kokudingekayo. Ngamafuphi, kukwenza ucabange ukuthi kufanele yini ukwamukela lezi zingozi eziphakeme noma cha.