Impi yezohwebo phakathi kweChina ne-US, ukungezwani eMiddle East nobungozi bokhetho eMelika kuzoba ngezinye zezinto ezizocacisa ukuvela kwezimakethe zokulingana kulo nyaka. Okufanele kungezwe ezinsukwini zamuva isimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo ngenxa ye- ukuvela kwe-coronavirus. Yize okwamanje, nasezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala zika-2020, ibhalansi iba yinhle kuzintshisekelo zabatshalizimali. Ngenzuzo emaphakathi yokuhwebelana kwamasheya emhlabeni wonke cishe ngo-2,5%, ikakhulukazi owaseMelika, oqhubeka ezindaweni eziphakeme ngokomlando.
Kunoma ikuphi, abatshalizimali bagcina futhi baqinisa nokusebenza kwabo ezimpahleni zendabuko ezingasebenza njengendawo ephephile, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokungazinzi okuthile ezimakethe zezimali. Njengobufakazi bokuthi la ma-ejenti okutshalwa kwezimali awanazo zonke ngokubheka ukuthi yini lo nyaka ongasilethela yona. Njengoba kunokungaqiniseki okuningi okungenza izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe zokulingana zishintshe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Phakathi kwawo wonke la magugu aphephile, igolide ligqame ngaphezu kwakho konke ngenxa yamandla alo aphezulu okuhlaziya futhi okwamanje anomthamo omkhulu wokuhweba. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, olunye utshalomali olungahlukaniswa kuleli qembu olwezezimali. Ngokumangala okuhle okungenzeka kumelelwe yi-yen yaseJapan nalapho ingxenye enhle ye- izimali zemali emhlabeni wonke. Ngenxa yezinga elihle lokushintshisana elinganikela ngalo ngokumelene nezinye izimali zomhlaba wonke, ikakhulukazi ngedola laseMelika.
Isiphephelo: yen, dollar ne-franc yaseSwitzerland
Lezi ngezinye zezinkanyezi zokutshala imali ezingase zivele ngonyaka we-2020 njengezindawo zokuphepha lapho kubhekwa izinqumo zabatshalizimali. Akunakukhohlakala ukuthi ngonyaka odlule i yen yaseJapan, i-franc yaseSwitzerland nedola laseMelika kube ezinye zezimpahla zezimali ezifanele kakhulu ezenze njengesiphephelo sokwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo. Esinye salezi zizathu kungenzeka kungenxa yokuthi okulindelwe ukukhula komnotho kusesilinganisweni kusuka manje. Futhi lokho kuzoholela abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi ukwenza izinqumo ezilondolozayo noma zokuzivikela ekutshalweni kwabo okuyinhloko.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi sinikezwe lesi simo esikhulu, imali yaseMelika ingacindezelwa izimbangi zayo ezinkulu kulo nyaka uma kwenzeka ukuthi Federal Reserve unqume ukubeka isilinganiso sokunciphisa. Noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, ngaphambi kwesinqumo esingaba khona empikiswaneni yezentengiselwano phakathi kwe-United States neChina. Kusuka lapho imali yaseJapan izophuma kahle ezishintshweni zayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izimpahla zezimali zalezi zici. Ngethuba lokwenza imisebenzi ibe nenzuzo ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, noma ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuhweba.
Isiphephelo segolide par ubuhle
Insimbi ephuzi ingenye yezimpahla ezingaguquki uma kukhulunywa ngamanani ephephile. Ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuphindisela okunzima nge I-United States ne-Iran ingaveza ukunyakaza okusha okuphezulu ngamanani egolide. Njengoba kwenzekile kuzimo ezifanayo ezenzeke kwezinye izikhathi zomlando. Ngoba akunakulibaleka ukuthi lapho kubhekene nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwengozi emhlabeni jikelele, le nto eluhlaza ingahlomula ngovalo olwenzeka ezimakethe zezimali hhayi emakethe yamasheya kuphela. Ngokuphambukiswa kwengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokugeleza kwemali kwabatshalizimali abakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungenzeka ukuthi insimbi ephuzi izoba ngenye yezimali ezinkulu zokubheja kulo nyaka. Endaweni lapho ingcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali ingavela khona, kepha futhi nemibono emibi kakhulu ku- ukukhula komnotho. Lapho abasebenzisi bazama ukugcina imali yabo ngaphezulu kokunye ukucatshangelwa. Futhi ngalo mqondo, akungabazeki ukuthi igolide lisebenza kangcono kunezinye izimpahla ezibalulekile zezezimali. Ngethuba lokufinyelela okuphezulu kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, noma kungaba ukubheja kwesikhashana kunabanye.
Amabhondi ase-United States
Enye yezinketho ezinokuphepha okwengeziwe eminyakeni ezayo imelwe yileli banga lamabhondi kazwelonke. Ngeke ukhohlwe okwamanje ukuthi ukufunwa koMgcinimafa wase-US kuye kwashesha eminyakeni emibili edlule. Akumangalisi ukuthi kungumkhiqizo wezezimali ongenabungozi, noma kunjalo inzuzo yayo ayikho phezulu kakhulu. Ngesizathu sokuthi abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi kumele basinake futhi lokho akuyona enye into ngaphandle kokuthi basekelwa yikhredithi kahulumeni wase-US. Isiqinisekiso sokunikeza ukuphepha kuphothifoliyo yokutshala imali esikhathini esifushane esingahle sibe nzima kwezinye izikhathi.
Kumele kuqashelwe futhi ukuthi lo mkhiqizo wezezimali ungasizakala ngomongo wamanje wamazwe omhlaba. Lapho amabhange amakhulu amakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, kubandakanya iBhange LaseJapan (i-BoJ), i-European Central Bank (ECB) kanye ne-Swiss National Bank (SNB) bamukele inqubomgomo amanani wenzalo engemihle. Ukulimaza inzuzo yemikhiqizo yasebhange nalabo abavela emalini engenayo engadluli ku-1% isithiyo, okuyisibalo esiphansi kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje futhi okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukubeka imali kulezi zinsuku.
Ezinye izimali: I-franc yaseSwitzerland
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunenye imali yamazwe omhlaba engaba nenzuzo enkulu kusukela manje futhi ayikho enye ngaphandle kwe-Swiss franc. Ngokwesiko futhi eminyakeni edlule ibithathwa njengenye yezimpahla zezezimali kuphephe ukonga imali ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zezimakethe zokulingana emhlabeni. Ukufika lapho kubhekwa njengenye yezinketho ezithandwayo ngabatshalizimali abafuna ukuphepha okukhulu esitatimendeni sabo semali engenayo. Ngalo mqondo, akunakulibaleka ukuthi iSwitzerland ithokozela insalela enkulu yama-akhawunti, njengoba kunjalo eJapane.
Esinye isisusa sokukhetha le mali yamazwe omhlaba iqiniso lokuthi ligcina izinga lokushintshana elizinzile kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nezinye izimali. Ukusuka kulo mbono, izikhundla zingathathwa ngemikhiqizo ehlukile yezezimali, kusuka ekusebenzeni kokuhweba kuye emabhange wesikhathi esinqunyiwe asuselwa kule mali. Ngemiphumela egculisa kakhulu ukwedlula ezinye izindlela ezivamile zokutshala imali futhi lokho akukuniki isilinganiso senzalo esisikiselayo. Ngemuva kokuncishiswa kwentengo yemali yizinhlaka zemali ze-European Union.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa: ushukela
Bambalwa abatshalizimali abangazi ukuthi le mpahla ebalulekile ingenye ye-bullish kakhulu ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule. Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi abatshalizimali abakhulu baphendukele ezikhundleni zabo ukuzama ukuthuthukisa isitatimende sabo semali engenayo kule rally ye-bullish emangele umhlaba wezimali futhi enethemba elingenakunqotshwa lokubuyekezwa kwamanani abo, okungenani esikhathini esifushane. Ingavunyelwa, okungcono ngokusebenzisa izimali zokutshala imali, kepha futhi ngezinkampani ezifakwe kuhlu ezixhumene ngqo nokukhiqizwa kwayo komhlaba. Ikakhulu, lezo ezibhalwe ezimakethe zezezimali zase-United States.
Kunoma ikuphi, ngolunye utshalomali oluba nengozi ethile ehambisana nakho ngoba nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukungazami kungafinyelela amanani aso ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke. Futhi njengomphumela walesi senzo, ukuba nokudumala okukhulu ezinyangeni ezizayo ngendlela yokwehla kwemali yale mpahla yezezimali noma ngenxa yokulungiswa kwamanani ayo ngenxa yokwenyuka okwenziwe kusukela ngo-Agasti wonyaka odlule. Ngalesi sizathu, abatshalizimali abavikela kakhulu bangakhetha ukuthatha izikhundla kudola laseMelika, eliqhubeka nokugcina isikhalazo salo esivikelekile kuzo zonke izimo, ngisho nezimbi kakhulu. Ngeke ukhohlwe ukuthi lena yimali yamabhizinisi amaningi aphesheya.
Uketshezi bese ulinda ithuba elingcono
Ngenkathi ekugcineni, singahlala njalo sithuthukisa ukwengezwa kwemali ku-akhawunti yethu yokonga njengefomula yokugwema izimo ezingasikisela okuncane ezimakethe zezimali. Ngenzuzo yokuthi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa singathola amanani ancintisanayo ekuthengweni nasekuthengisweni kwamasheya emakethe yamasheya. Lokho wukuthi, ekugcineni ukufinyelela ekutholakaleni kokuthakazelisa okuthokozisayo kunalokho okwenzeka njengamanje futhi okuyiyona leyo yezinjongo ezifiseleka kakhulu kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi.
Ngoba, noma kunjalo, intuthuko enhle impela ethathwa yimakethe yamasheya yase-US, kungasho ukuthi enye into onayo ukuya emakethe yamasheya kuleli. Ngezilinganiso eziphakeme zenzuzo kunezinye izimakethe zezezimali. Yize noma ngasiphi isikhathi lo mkhuba oya phezulu ungama ngoba akukho okukhuphuka unomphela futhi okuncane kakhulu emakethe yamasheya.