Ngaphandle kokucabanga kwakho, asikho isigaba esisodwa kuphela sama-indices ku- Izimali zaseSpain. Kepha kunalokho, usesimweni sokufaka eziningana zazo. Ngaphezu kokucabanga kwakho njengamanje nokuthi zinemvelo ehlukile nokuqukethwe okuhluke ngokuphelele. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi abanye babo bangakukhumbula, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi ungabazi nokubazi. Futhi-ke awukaze uhwebe nabo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Kuyiqiniso ngokuphelele ukuthi inkomba yokuma kwezimakethe zamasheya zaseSpain, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Ibex 35, ithatha udumo lwabatshalizimali abakhulu. Kepha kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi kukhona impilo ngale kwalesi siphakamiso esinamandla nesibalulekile sezimakethe zezimali zikazwelonke. Ngokuhlukahluka okubalulekile futhi okungaguqula iphrofayili oyethula njengamanje njengomtshalizimali omncane naphakathi.
Indices ngayinye yesitoko inezici zayo. Akufani konke, yize kokunye beza ukugcwalisana ngokusebenza kahle okukhulu. Njengezikhundla ozivula kuzo ngokusebenzisa iphothifoliyo yakho yokutshala imali. Manje uzoba kuphela ukuthi yimaphi la maqembu akhethiwe ama-equities. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, uma kufanelekile ukuze ukwazi ukuvula izikhundla zakho kwezinye zalezi ziphakamiso zezezimali kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ingabe usesimweni sokwamukela inselele?
Izinkomba: okukhethwa kukho konke
Lokhu ngokungangabazeki yi-Ibex 35, ehlanganisa izinkampani ezibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni waseSpain. Kusuka ku-BBVA kuye eTelefonica, nge-ACS, Inditex, Indra nohlu olude lwamabhizinisi amakhulu. Izinkomba zomsebenzi wethu webhizinisi. Inani labo alikho ngokweqile, kepha noma kunjalo livuselelwa kancane njalo ngekota. Ngokungena nokuphuma kwezinketho ezintsha zokutshala imali. Ingenye yezinkomba ezinamandla kakhulu zaseYurophu, ezineziphakamiso ezahlukahlukene zokulingana ezikhokha isabelo kubo bonke abaninimasheya minyaka yonke.
Kuyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke, futhi kude kakhulu. Kulula ukuthi uyicabangele manje uma kwenzeka uzokhetha le modeli yokutshala imali ibe yendabuko phakathi kwabatshalizimali baseSpain, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ivela ngaphandle kwemingcele yethu. Ungakhohlwa kusukela manje. Ungasebenzisa ithuba lokuba khona kwamabhange okuqinile, ngokwesibonelo, maqondana nezinye iziphakamiso kuma-indices ezwekazi elidala. Kufika ezingeni lokuthi ithembele kakhulu kuyo. Ngokusebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlangano zezezimali. Kusuka emabhange amakhulu kuya kwamaphakathi.
Le nkomba yesitoko ikunikeza ini?
I-Ibex 35 ingenye yama-indices ekunikeza ukuthi wenze uchungechunge lwemisebenzi ngokuchithwa okukhulu. Ngeke ube nezinkinga nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, noma ukungena noma ukuphuma ezimakethe. Akumangalisi ukuthi ivolumu yakho yokuqasha ibaluleke ngaphezu kwamasheya abalulekile. Yilapho kuvela khona ukuvela kwamanani ezwe. Ngaphezulu kwamanye amaqembu emikhakha, yize lokhu kungabalulekanga kangako.
Vele, akuyona yonke imikhakha emelwe. Kunoma ikuphi, amabhange, izinkampani zokwakha, izinkampani zikagesi kanye nezinsizakalo ezihamba phambili ekubunjweni kwayo. Ngoba, ngokuphambene nalokho, ezinye ziyantula ekusebenzeni kobuchwepheshe obusha, amakhemikhali, njll. Kunoma ikuphi, bamele izinkampani ezinkulu. Ezinye zazo zibhalwe ohlwini lwenkomba enkulu yemakethe yamasheya yaseYurophu, kanye namanye amanani wamazwe asendaweni ye-euro.
Isici esibaluleke kakhulu okufanele usikhumbule ukuthi ukuphepha okwakha lolu bonakaliso yilolo olukhethwe abaphathi ukwenza izimali zabo zokutshala imali. Njengomphumela walesi sici esibalulekile, amasheya aso akhombisa ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwamanani entengo. Kungaba ngenye indlela noma enye. Zisemlonyeni wanoma yiliphi icala labatshalizimali. Kusukela ekuzivikeleni kakhulu kuya kwabaqageli bodwa.
I-Ibex 35 ihlukanisiwe ngoba mhlawumbe yenza kube nzima ukuthi noma yiziphi izinkampani zayo ziveze ukumiswa kwezinkokhelo noma zimane zibhidlike. Okuthile, ngaphandle kokuphindaphindeka, kwenzeka kaningi ngokwengeziwe kumanani emakethe yamasheya aseSpain, kepha kuvela kwezinye izingxenye ezingabalulekile njengale esikhuluma ngayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhetha ukuthengiswa kwesikweletu, uma inkolelo yakho imelwe ngoba ulindele ukuthi izimakethe zezezimali zilahlekelwe yizikhundla emasontweni azayo. Akumangalisi ukuthi lokhu kungenye yezinkomba ezibaluleke kakhulu zokwenza lolu hlobo lokusebenza iningi lazo. Lapho ungenza khona ukonga kube nenzuzo, noma ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu. Okuthile, ngokuphambene nalokho, awukwazi ukukuthuthukisa kwamanye amaqembu emakethe yamasheya aseSpain.
Imakethe Eqhubekayo, enezinketho eziningi
Bese kuba nale nkomba ejwayelekile futhi lapho uthola khona amathuba amakhulu kakhulu ebhizinisi. Ngaphezu kwanoma yini ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinkampani. Zihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi zihlukile kumamodeli wazo webhizinisi. Ngamathuba angafika kwayi-100 wokuthenga amasheya akho, ikakhulukazi ngamasheya amancane naphakathi naphakathi kwamaphepha. Hhayi ukukhululwa ezingcupheni ezibalulekile futhi ngezimpawu ezaziwa kakhulu kwamanye amacala.
Vele, lapha ungazithola ukukho konke. Kuyinto yokubanjwa kwamasheya kazwelonke. Ungathola amanani azo zonke izinhlobo, kusuka ezinkampanini eziqinile kuya kuziphakamiso eziqagelayo. Noma ezinye eziyingozi impela ngenxa yesimo sabo sezimali esibuthakathaka. Akumangazi ukuthi ngokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe uthola izinkampani ezinezikweletu eziqinile ekubaleni kwazo. Okumangazayo kusezingeni lezitezi zokulingana.
Ukuguquguquka kungenye yamanothi ashiwo kakhulu. Ngomehluko omkhulu phakathi kokuphakama kwabo kwansuku zonke nokuphansi, okwenza lezi ziphakamiso zemakethe yamasheya zilungele kakhulu abatshalizimali abacabangelayo. Kujwayelekile impela ukuthi ezinye zalezi zimali zithengiswe ngosuku olufanayo. Noma ngomehluko omncane kusheduli. Ukwehluka kwansuku zonke noma kweviki ngamanani abo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubucayi kakhulu. Amathuba wokuzuza inzuzo enkulu yemali makhulu, kepha ngesizathu esifanayo ukulahleka okukhulu kungabuye kwenziwe.
Kuyizibambiso zamakhekhe amancane okulula ukuzisebenzisa. Ngokuhamba kwezihloko ezimbalwa kakhulu, kusesimweni sokufeza umehluko omkhulu kumanani abo. Kuze kube sezingeni ongalicabangi ku-Ibex 35. Zingathwalwa ngandlela-thile ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu ohlangothini lwabatshalizimali abakhulu. Kuliqiniso ukuthi nakanjani uyobe uhlupheke enyameni yakho izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.
Amanye ama-stock indices
Usenamanye ama-indices wemali engenayo ehlukile ehlukile futhi ikakhulukazi emcabangweni wayo. Njengamanje i-Ibex Medium Cap, ehlanganisa izinkampani ezenza imali ephakathi nendawo kanye ne-Ibex Small Cap, yona ngokwengxenye yayo ehlanganisa izinkampani ezenza imali emincane. Zingaba ezinye izinketho ezithokozisayo kulokho okulindele njengomtshalizimali omncane naphakathi. Yize kunjalo, kunamanani amancane okusebenza nabo, futhi maqondana namanye ama-indices emakethe yamasheya kazwelonke.
Uma okufunayo ukuqagela ngenani ukuthola inzuzo emikhulu futhi esheshayo ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuthi iMakethe Eqhubekayo iyawanelisa kangcono amathemba akho. Yize kunengozi engangabazeki yokuthi ukuthambekela kuguquliwe. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu kuhamba, ungena ekulahlekelweni ezikhundleni ezivulekile kule makethe yezezimali. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ucabange kakhulu ngale nketho esikhwameni. Amathuba makhulu, kepha izingozi azishiywa ngemuva.
Kuhlala kuthengwa amathuba kuma-indices amabili, yize amanani enza i-Ibex-35 anikeza ukuphepha okukhulu ngenxa yesisindo esithile sezinkampani zabo. Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, igama elikhethiwe lifushane (noma lifushane kakhulu), izinkampani ezibalulwe eMakethe Eqhubekayo zeluleka kakhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo okuphezulu, kepha kucatshangelwa ubungozi obukhona. Kunoma ikuphi, kuzoba yisinqumo okuzodingeka usenze kusuka kulezo zikhathi ezifanayo.
Izimakethe ezihlukile kusitokozo
Kunendlela eyodwa yokugcina, engacabangi kangako ngoba iyinkimbinkimbi. Yi-Alternative Stock Market (MAB). Yinkimbinkimbi njengoba kucatshangelwa. Izinkampani ezisohlwini ezingaziwa kakhulu zifakiwe kuleli qembu. Ngoba impela, zimbalwa kakhulu kubo ezizwakala zijwayelekile kuwe. Futhi kuncane ukwenza imali oyongelayo izuze. Lapho kungatshalwa imali ezinkampanini ezinganikeli nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lweziqinisekiso kungaba yisihluthulelo sempumelelo yakho.
Ingozi yabo ifinyelela eqophelweni lokuthi ezinkundleni eziningi zokushintshana ngamasheya bakhuthaza ukuthenga kwabo. Ngesimangalo esisolisayo sokuthi ungathola imali eningi ngesikhathi esifushane. Akukho okunye okuvela eqinisweni. Ngamafuphi, isu elingalungile lanoma iyiphi iphrofayili oyethula njengomtshalizimali ojwayelekile. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukwamukela lezi ziphakamiso emalini kungadala ubungozi obukhulu. Ngakho-ke, awuzukufanelekela ukwamukela lezi zinselelo eziphakeme kakhulu. Kuzoba isu eliyingozi kakhulu, ngaphezu kwamanye ahlinzekwa ngamasheya aseSpain kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Kunoma ikuphi, kungenye inketho onayo kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngamanani akhuphuka ngama-30% ngosuku olulodwa bese kuthi iseshini elandelayo ilahlekelwe, ngisho nangobudlova obukhulu kukhotheshini yamanani ayo. Abatshalizimali abanolwazi kakhulu kulezi zimakethe kuphela abazokwazi ukwamukela ukuhweba. Vele, ngokuzibeka wena engcupheni. Ekupheleni kosuku esikhuluma ngakho ngamanani.