Izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali zamazwe omhlaba kanye nezimali ezihlanganisiwe yizindlela ezimbili kulezi ezimbili ongakhetha kuzo kusukela manje kulo mkhiqizo wezezimali obalulekile. Kunoma ikuphi, lawa amamodeli wokutshala imali anezici ezichazwe kahle kakhulu futhi okuyizo ehluke kakhulu. Ukufika ezingeni lokuthi bangakwazi ukukhiqiza izinzuzo ezahlukahlukene isikhathi esiningi sonyaka. Kepha iyiphi kulezi zimali ezimbili engazifanela kahle izidingo zethu njengabatshalizimali?
Ukuze abasebenzisi babe nemininingwane eminingi yokwenza izinqumo zabo, sizochaza ukuthi zinjani lezi zimali ezimbili zokutshala imali. Kokubili kokuhle nasesigabeni esingesihle neze sokuqashwa kwabo. Ukuze ngale ndlela, sisesimweni sokuthola inzuzo ephezulu kumasheya kulezi zinhlobo zokutshala imali. Yize kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi ngaphezu kwakho konke kuzoya ngomjikelezo wezomnotho lapho izimakethe zezezimali zigxila khona. Ngokwezinga elizokhombisa ukuthatha kwethu izinqumo ngandlela thile.
Kunesici esivamile kulezi zimali ezimbili zokutshala imali futhi yilokho okubhekisa kumakhomishini okubandakanya kwabo ukwenza kwabo izinto ngokusemthethweni. Kuphakeme, kunokwesibonelo emalini engaguquki yemali engenayo noma yemali. Yize zingaba nenzuzo engcono uma zihambisana nokuhle kwemvelo by izimakethe zezimali. Ngezinye izinto ezithile esizozihlaziya kusukela manje ukuzama ukuhlukanisa zombili izindlela zokuphatha. Ngokuhluka okuhlukanisa okukodwa futhi okungenza abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi bakhethe noma yikuphi kubo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Izimali ezihlanganisiwe zokutshala imali
Lesi sigaba sezimali sibonakala ngamanye amafomethi ngoba hlanganisa imali engenayo nemali engaguquki ngezilinganiso ezakhiwe abaphathi ngokwabo. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele futhi kube nomthelela ekutheni izimali zokutshalwa kwemali ezihlanganisiwe ziyindlela yokuba khona ezimakethe zezimali, kodwa ngendlela elinganiselayo. Lokho wukuthi, ukuvikela izikhundla engxenyeni emholweni ongaguquguquki, ukuya ezingeni elikhulu noma elincane. Kuyisu lokutshala imali elingasiza kakhulu ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu noma eziguquguqukayo ezimakethe zezimali zokulingana. Ngokubi nokuhle lokhu okukhona kuzimali.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkampani ezixubekile azithambekele kangako ekuthuthukiseni imbuyiselo ephezulu eminyakeni edlule. Kepha ngesizathu esifanayo, balinganisela ngokwengeziwe ekuweni. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu ezinamandla zokuthi kungani zingamamodeli akhethwayo wephrofayili yabatshali zimali abancane nabaphakathi abachazwe kakhulu: ukuzivikela nalapho ukuphepha kudlula khona ezinye izici ezinolaka. Kufunwa isikhwama sokonga esizinzile isikhathi esilinganiselwe nesikhathi eside. Ngokuchayeka kwizimali ezingcono kakhulu ifinyelela cishe kuma-60% wephothifoliyo yokutshala imali.
Imikhiqizo Yomhlaba Wonke
Yizimali eziguqukayo zokutshala imali ezitholakalayo azikhawulelwanga endaweni eyodwa yezwe. Uma kungenjalo, ngokuphambene nalokho, bagxila lapho beya khona ezimakethe ezahlukahlukene zezezimali zalezi zici. Njengoba ingumkhiqizo womhlaba wonke, kusho ukuthi ukwehluka kwawo ekutshalweni kwemali kunamandla amakhulu kakhulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi iphothifoliyo yakho ingaba nemithombo eminingana evela ekuhwebaneni kwamasheya kwamazwe omhlaba futhi ngokuya ngemibandela ethathwe abaphathi ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, ukwehla kwezinye izimakethe zezezimali kungasuswa ngokwanda kwezinye. Lokhu empeleni kusho ukuthi kunokuvikelwa okuncane eminikelweni yezomnotho.
Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolu hlobo lotshalo-mali lunolaka kakhulu kunezimali ezihlanganisiwe zokutshala imali. Phakathi kwezinye izizathu zokuthi kungani kuvezwe i-100% ekushintshaneni emhlabeni wonke ngaphandle kwenye ingxenye yezimali noma impahla. Okusho ukuthi, yonke imali yakho iya kuma-equities, kepha kulokhu emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuba wuphawu lwayo lokuqala lobunikazi nokuthi otshalo-mali lwawo lungafinyelela ngisho nasezimakethe ezibizwa ngokusafufusa, ezizwela kakhulu ezingozini ekusebenzeni.
Kuzo zonke izimo, ingenye yezimali zokutshala imali umthwalo omkhulu ngokwamakhomishini kusetshenziswe ngabaphathi bezwe noma ngaphandle kwemingcele yethu. Ngethuba lokuzuza ukubuya okuphezulu kokuzivocavoca okuthile emakethe yamasheya. Ngenkathi kwezinye zingawa ngokuzumayo. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele kunakwe ngokukhethekile ukwenziwa ngokusemthethweni kwalezi zinhlobo zokutshala imali phakathi kwabantu ngabanye. Lapho izingozi zihlala zifihlekile kakhulu futhi kungafanele zikhohlwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwale mikhiqizo emibili
Izimali ezihlangene ezihlangene ezihlangene zixazulule kakhulu ngo-2019 (3.769 million ngaphezu kuka-2018), yize kunjalo kuholele lokhu kukhula ngokunyuka cishe kwe-16% uma kuqhathaniswa noDisemba 2018. Kulokhu, konke ukukhula kunomsuka wokuhlaziywa kwamaphothifoliyo abo ngenxa yomphumela wemakethe. Ngemuva kwezimali zokulingana zamazwe omhlaba, ezomhlaba jikelele yizo ezihlangabezane nokukhula okuphezulu kakhulu ngoJuni cishe ngama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-893. Engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka, bathola ukwanda kwamanani angama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-2.666, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva enikezwe yi-Association of Collective Investment Institutions and Pension Funds (Inverco).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimali ezihlanganyelwe zibhalise ukubuya okuhle kuka-2019% ngoJuni 1,58, lapho imbuyiselo engxenyeni yokuqala yonyaka ifinyelela ku-4,83%, emele inzuzo engcono kakhulu yomlando eqongelelwe kwisemester yokuqala yezimali zokutshala imali. Yonke imikhakha ithole ukubuyiselwa okuhle (ngaphandle kwezimali ze-hedge), kugqamisa labo abanesisindo esikhulu sezimali emaphothifoliyo abo, njengamasheya ase-US namanani aseYurophu, ngenzuzo yenyanga nenyanga ngo-5,23% no-4,81%, ngokulandelana. I- Izimali ze-US Yiyo futhi enenzuzo ephezulu kakhulu eqongelelwe kuze kube manje kulo nyaka, nge-15,30%.