Isinqumo se-European Central Bank (ECB) sokuthi khuphula izinga lenzalo Kusukela ngo-2019, kuzoba ukubuyela emuva kubasebenzisi abazothatha imali mboleko ezinyangeni ezizayo. Mayelana nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezezimali: imali mboleko yomuntu siqu, yokusetshenziswa, esheshayo, ebanjiswayo noma ngamakhadi asebhange. Ngokwesilinganiso engizohamba ngokuya ngamandla alokhu kukhushulwa okwenziwe yizinhlangano ezizimele. Kunoma ikuphi, kuzoba yizindaba ezimbi kubasebenzisi bamabhange abasesimweni sokuboleka.
Yize lesi silinganiso semali sizoba lusizo olukhulu kwabasindisi nge khulisa ukusebenza kwimali egcinwe kwimikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yasebhange (imali yesikhathi, amanothi ezethembiso zebhizinisi noma ama-akhawunti emali engenayo ephezulu). Bazobona ukuthi ezinyangeni ezizayo izintshisekelo zabo zizokwenyuka ngokulingana nokwenyuka kwentengo yemali. Ngoba esikhathini esifushane kuzoba nenzuzo enkulu ukwenza ukonga kube nenzuzo ngamasu ahlukahlukene ahlinzekwa ngamabhange.
Ngokuphambene nalokho okuzokwenzeka kubantu abaya kobheka noma yimuphi umugqa wesikweletu emabhange abo. Ngoba i- izimo zenkontileka yale mikhiqizo yasebhange. Ngalesi sikhathi inzalo emaphakathi yonyaka yale modeli ye- imali Kuphakathi kwebanga eliphakathi kuka-6% no-11% wemalimboleko yomuntu kanye nomehluko ongaphansi kuka-2% maqondana nemalimboleko yezindlu. Yebo, la ma-margins wezohwebo azothatha isikhathi eside ukuthi izinhlangano zezezimali zisebenzise. Ngesizathu esilula njengokuthi isikhathi semali eshibhile siphelile kulo nyaka.
Khuphuka kwenzalo yemalimboleko
Umphumela osheshayo wezinqumo zezinhlangano zomphakathi kuzoba ukuthi ngo-2019 isilinganiso semali mboleko sizokwenyuka ngamaphesenti ambalwa weshumi maqondana namanani amanje. Lokhu kusebenza kusho ukuthi ngokufunwa kwama-euro ayi-10.000, abasebenzisi kuzodingeka bakhokhe imali ethe xaxa engaba ngama-euro angama-25 cishe njalo ngenyanga. Ngaphandle kokwenyuka kwezindleko zamakhomishini nezinye izindleko ekuphathweni kwale mikhiqizo yasebhange. Isibonelo, lezo zithathwe ocwaningweni, ukukhanselwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukubekwa phansi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isici esisodwa okufanele sibhekwe ukuthi lokhu kukhushulwa kwezinga lenzalo ngeke kuthinte amakhasimende njengamanje anomkhiqizo walezi zici ezisemthethweni. Izothinta kuphela abasebenzisi abazoyimangalela kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwalokhu okulayishiwe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwamakhredithi. Umehluko omncane okufanele ukwazi ukwazi ukuqina kanye nenqubo yalesi silinganiso semali. Mayelana nosuku intengo yemali ezokhuphuka ngalo, alukho usuku olubekiwe, yize ochwepheshe bethatha isinqumo sokuthi luzokwenzeka kwikota yokuqala yonyaka wezi-2019. Isici esizothinta ukuthambekela kokuthengisa ezimakethe zezimali.
Izikhwama zizothinteka
Umphumela wesibambiso walesi silinganiso semali yiwo ozothinta izimakethe zezitoko zikazwelonke. Ngokuncipha kwentengo yamanani ezimakethe zezimali ngenxa yezinkinga abazoba nazo izinkampani zokuzixhasa kusuka manje. Akumangalisi ukuthi kuzodingeka bakhokhe imali ethe xaxa ukuze babe nemali yokwenza noma yikuphi ukusebenza kwebhizinisi labo. Lesi yisici okufanele sibhekwe ngabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi abahlose ukuvula izikhundla ezimakethe zezimali. Ngalo mqondo, abatshalizimali bazoba ngesinye sezisulu ezinkulu zokukhuphuka kwamazinga wenzalo endaweni ye-euro futhi ngenxa yalokho naseSpain.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuthi sisho ukuthi le ndlela yemali kakhulu kulimaza izicubu ezikhiqizayo yezwe ngoba izinkampani kufanele zenze umzamo omkhulu wezezimali ukuze zizikhokhele. Into engathinta izinga lesikweletu esifanayo ngoba ngeke babe nenye indlela ngaphandle kokuthwala inzalo ephezulu kwizimalimboleko abazoyifuna ezimeni ezibanzi kakhulu ngokwezimali kanye nokugcwaliseka kwamaphrojekthi amasha weBhizinisi.
Ukulayisha kuzoqala nini?
Impendulo yokuthi ingxenye enhle yabasebenzisi baseSpain okudingeka bayazi yisikhathi lapho lokhu kwanda kwamazinga wenzalo kuzokwenzeka. Yebo, okwamanje alukho usuku oluchazwe ngempela, kodwa yonke imibono ikhomba ukuthi kuzoba ezinyangeni zokuqala zonyaka ozayo lapho kuzonyukwa khona ukwanda kwezintambo zezikweletu ezinikezwa ngamabhange. Le yindlela ehliswa ngayo ngamanothi wakamuva ahlinzekwa yibhange elikhipha izwekazi elidala. Kunoma ikuphi, kunento eyodwa eqinisekile futhi lokho kungukuthi lesi silinganiso ngeke ibambezeleke izinyanga eziningi Okuningi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ukuthi silinde ukuthi amakhredithi abiza kakhulu aqale ukumakethwa kungekudala.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi silinganiso kuzothinta noma yimuphi umugqa wesikweletu futhi ngaphandle kokukhetha. Ngakho-ke, ngeke ukwazi ukucasha kulolu hlelo lwemali oluzokwenziwa kungekudala. Uma uzofuna ukubolekwa imali ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo, ngeke ukwazi ukwenza okunye ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi lesi yisimo ozosithola. Lokho wukuthi, kuzofanele ukhokhe imali ethe xaxa ekunikezeni nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezezimali, ngaphandle kokukhetha. Lapho kungadingeka ukuthi ukhokhe amakhomishini amakhulu nezindleko ekuphathweni noma ekugcinweni kwawo kunamanje.
Kuthiwani ngemali mboleko?
Imalimboleko yempahla izolandela inqubo efanayo futhi cishe akukho mehluko maqondana neminye imigqa yesikweletu eyejwayelekile. Ngalo mqondo, ukwanda sekuqalile emkhakheni wempahla ebanjiswayo ngenxa yokwenyuka okwenzekile enkombeni yokulinganisa yaseYurophu yalesi sigaba semikhiqizo yezezimali, i I-Euribor. Sekukhuphuke izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye zilandelana njengendawo yokuguqula ukwehla okwenzekile eminyakeni edlule. Vele singasho ukuthi lo mthombo oyisithenjwa wokwenza inkontileka yemalimboleko yezindlu ufinyelele ezansi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule.
Emalini ebolekwa ngamanani eguquguqukayo imiphumela iba ngokushesha ngoba abafakizicelo babo sebevele bakhokha ama-euro ambalwa ngaphezulu kwizitolimende zabo zanyanga zonke. Inani elizokhuphuka ngaphambi nje kokunyuka okukhulu kwi-Euribor futhi ngokungangabazeki kuzoholela kwakho Umzamo wezomnotho khula kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi bayanda abasebenzisi bebhange abakhetha imali mboleko engaguquki. Lapho uzohlala ukhokha imali efanayo yanyanga zonke, noma yini eyenzekayo ezimakethe zezimali kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Isidingo sesikweletu siyakhula
Kulo nyaka kube nokwanda okukhulu ekusebenzeni ekunikezelweni kwemali mboleko, endaweni yokuthuthuka okusobala esimweni sokuhlangana kwezwe lethu futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ngenxa yokwehla okukhulu kwalokhu okuthiwa izimpahla ezingabazisayo. Lokhu kudale ukuthi isidingo salesi sigaba semikhiqizo yasebhange sikhule ngokushesha kunalokho obekulindelwe ngabahlaziyi bezimakethe. Kepha bazothola maduze ukuthi izimo zabo sezishintshe kakhulu. Leli qiniso lingahle linciphise inani lokuthengiselana okusayinwe amaklayenti, yize amandla abo engaziwa okwamanje.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, enye idatha efanelekile echaza lesi simo ukuthi isikweletu semindeni yaseSpain ibeka umlando omusha ngasekupheleni konyaka odlule, ngokusho kwedatha evela eBhange LaseSpain. Ucwaningo olwenziwe yiBhange LaseSpain lukhombisa nokuthi, ngemuva kochungechunge lokuzenzakalelayo ngenxa yenkinga, amazinga obugebengu anethonya elincane lapho kunqunywa imibandela amabhange anayo ukuvunyelwa kwamakhredithi ommangalelwa. Yize lesi simo kungenzeka siphele ngenxa yokwenyuka okungaphezu kokuqinisekile kwezintshisekelo zanoma yimuphi umugqa wesikweletu eSpain.
Ukuphumula ekuvumeleni
Ngakho-ke, futhi njengoba unikezwe lesi simo sokuhlangana, akumangazi ukuthi i-European Central Bank (ECB) isho ocwaningweni lwayo lokugcina ngesikweletu sasebhange ukuthi yayisezimweni zokuphumula okuthile ngenxa yokufunwa kwalo mkhiqizo yingxenye enkulu yabasebenzisi bebhange futhi lokho kutholakele kulo nyaka okhona. Okusemqoka wukuthi isidingo sabo sikhulile ikakhulukazi.
Yize kudingekile ukucacisa ukuthi izikhungo zezikweletu zibona kusengaphambili ukuthi amazinga okuthola imvume azoba lukhuni kusukela kwikota yokugcina yalokhu nakwiminyaka elandelayo. "Ingcindezi yokuncintisana nokubona ubungozi kube nomthelela omncane emazingeni esikweletu," kusho i-ECB esitatimendeni. Kulokho okulindeleke ukuthi kube yisimo esilandelayo amakhasimende azoba naso ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.