Izikhulu zomphakathi basebenza ngaphakathi kwezinsizakalo zomphakathi nemisebenzi ehlukile, bazinikele ekuqashweni komphakathi nakwezinye izinsizakalo. Mhlawumbe uzwile kubantu abaningi abake bacabanga ngakho babe izisebenzi zikahulumeni, okuqondakalayo kwazise izimo zokusebenza nomholo abanawo, kuyinto ebhekwa njengethuba elihle kakhulu lomsebenzi. Lokhu ngaphandle kokuthi iholo lenziwe izinguquko futhi lamiswa eminyakeni yamuva ...
Ngabe izikhulu zihola malini njengamanje?
Umholo oyisisekelo wabasebenzi bakahulumeni njengoba kuyizisebenzi zikahulumeni kuya ngokuya kukhula; yize waba yisisulu senkinga, usike ukusikeka kanye nemali ephansi, ngaphezu kokumiswa kanye nokuthi izikhulu eziningi zashiywa zingenalo ilungelo lokuthola izinkokhelo ezengeziwe.
Muva nje i- uhulumeni umemezele ukuthi iholo lezisebenzi zikahulumeni ngeke lenyuke, okungenani kuze kube yilapho kungekho zibhajethi ezitholakalayo. Njengamanje uhulumeni ufuna ukufeza ukusilela kwe-3.1%, ngokulungiswa kwama-euro ayi-16,500, lapho izinqumo ezinjalo sezenziwe mayelana nomholo wezikhulu zomphakathi.
Amaholo we izikhulu zomphakathi zingahluka ngokuya ngeqembu elisebenzayo lapho isisebenzi siyingxenye yaso. Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhulu sikahulumeni esiseqenjini A sikhokhisa imali efinyelela kuma-euro ayi-1,120 ngenyanga, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-euro angama-553 ngesikhulu esiseqenjini E. Kulokhu kunezelwa izinkokhelo ezengeziwe ezizitholayo ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.
Amaqembu lapho izikhulu zehlukene khona
• Iqembu A; lapha bahlukaniswa ngokwehlukana kwabo baba ngamaqenjana amabili (A1 no-A2). Izikhulu ezingaphansi kweqembu elingu-A1, elibizwa ngeTechnical Body of General Administration, yizo eziphethe ukuhlola, ukwenza, ukulawula, ukutadisha nokuphakamisa imibono ehlukene yokuphatha ezingeni eliphakeme.
Labo abangaphansi kweqembu elincane i-A2, elibizwa ngeManagement Corps, bayasebenzisana ekuphatheni ezingeni eliphakeme, imisebenzi yokuphatha ezingeni elijwayelekile futhi ngokwesibonelo, basekela inhloko yomnyango noma yokuphatha.
• Iqembu B; ikakhulukazi enesibopho sokuphatha nokwenza imisebenzi.
• Iqembu C; kukhona ukwahlukaniswa kwaba ngamaqenjana amabili, i-C1 ne-C2. Izikhulu eziseqenjini elingu-C1, elibizwa nangokuthi i-Administrative Body, zithuthukisa ngokwenza iminikelo yedatha nemibiko, ziphakamisa futhi zilawule amafayela, zilawule, ziqaphe futhi ziqophe amafayela ahlukene kanye nemibhalo ebalulekile.
Futhi banesibopho sokubulawa kwe izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokubala.
Izikhulu ezingaphansi kweqembu elincane i-C2, elibizwa nge-Auxiliary Corps, zisebenza njengamathuluzi umphakathi axhumana ngawo, uqopha futhi ugcwalise imibhalo, wenza imisebenzi elula, futhi ulawula umbhalo ngendlela yokuphatha.
• Iqembu E; abaziwa njenge-Subaltern Corps, baphethe ukwenza imisebenzi yokuqapha nokugcina, kanye nokusabalalisa izincwadi.
Umholo wabasebenzi bakahulumeni ngamaqembu
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izikhulu zomphakathi zehlukaniswe ngamaqembu ahlukene, nawo aphethe ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukene kanye nezinsizakalo zomphakathi. Inkokhelo abayitholayo incike eqenjini lapho lesi sikhulu sikulo, ngokulandelayo;
- Amalungu eqembu le-A1 count angumholo we-1,120 euros ngenyanga. Ngokunjalo, kulesi sibalo ama-euro angama-43.08 ayengezwa ekudlulisweni kweminyaka emithathu lapho umuntu efeza ukwenza umsebenzi wokuphatha. Abasebenzi beqembu A2 banomholo oyisisekelo wama-euro angama-968.57 ngenyanga, okunezelwa kuwo ama-euro ayi-35.12 njalo eminyakeni emithathu yokusebenza.
- Manje ake sibuyele kuziphathimandla zeqembu B, ezithola ama-euro angama-846.66, lapho amanye ama-euro angama-30.83 aqoqelwa khona njalo eminyakeni emithathu kusevisi yokuphatha.
- Izikhulu zeqembu E zihola ama-euro angama-553.96 ngenyanga, kanye nama-euro angu-13.61 njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
Yiziphi izinkokhelo ezengeziwe?
Izinkokhelo ezengeziwe Bazalwe njengamabhonasi akhethekile, anikezwa abasebenzi ngaphezu komholo wabo oyisisekelo. Namuhla, amabhonasi ayizindlela zokwaba umholo wesisebenzi; eSpain abasebenzi banezinkokhelo ezimbili ezengeziwe ngokwakhona. Ngakho-ke, banezinkokhelo eziyi-12 zenyanga nenyanga kanye nezinkokhelo ezimbili ezengeziwe, enye ngoKhisimusi enye ehlobo.
Impikiswano ngokukhokhelwa okungeziwe kwizikhulu
Izikhulu zikahulumeni zinikezwa izinkokhelo ezahlukahlukene ezengeziwe, njengamabhonasi kaKhisimusi ngenyanga kaDisemba, ngokwesibonelo.
Abasebenzi bakahulumeni ukujabulele ukukhokha okwengeziwe eminyakeni edluleKepha bekulokhu kungenjalo njalo ezikhulwini. Kwenziwe imikhawulo, evimbela izikhulu ekutholeni imali yazo eyengeziwe ngezikhathi ezehlukene. Imali eyengeziwe kaKhisimusi yenqatshelwe zonke izikhulu zokuphathwa komphakathi, ezithinta inani labasebenzi abangama-67,000 kwezempilo, ezemfundo, ezokuphatha, phakathi kwabanye.
Inkokhelo eyengeziwe kanye nezimpikiswano ukuthi ikuletha kunikeze okuningi ongakhuluma ngakho eminyakeni yamuva. Lokhu sekuqubule imibhikisho eyahlukene kanye namamashi aphikisana nalezo zinqumo ezenziwa nguhulumeni omkhulu.
Kusukela nini imali eyengeziwe yezisebenzi zikahulumeni?
Kunamarekhodi asukela emuva ku-1944, lapho kuchazwa umthethonqubo wenyanga kaDisemba lapho kusungulwa khona inkokhelo eyengeziwe kaKhisimusi yabasebenzi, obekufanele ibe ngalowo nyaka kuphela. Ngenxa yalokho, ngonyaka we-1945, kushicilelwa ukuthi umthetho wokukhokha owengeziwe kaKhisimusi manje ususesimweni esihlala njalo. Lokhu kungumsuka maqondana nokukhokhelwa okwengeziwe kwabasebenzi.
Manje, uma sikhuluma ngabasebenzi bakahulumeni, sibhekisa ke kuDisemba wonyaka we-1949, lapho kuchazwa khona isimemezelo sokukhokha inkokhelo yanyanga zonke ngonyaka ka-1950. Izimo zezomnotho ezazikhona ngaleso sikhathi, lapho kwakwalulekwa khona ukuthi kukhokhelwe enye imali kubasebenzi bakahulumeni.
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka ukhona izinkokhelo ezengeziwe ziye zavela, ngakho-ke kwakungeyona ibhonasi kaKhisimusi kuphela, kepha manje sekukhokhelwa imali eyengeziwe ngoJulayi 18 ekhumbula uJulayi 18, 1947, lapho futhi ihlonipha nokudla okuyisikhumbuzo izinkampani ezazihlelela abasebenzi bazo, ukukhumbula ukuvukela kukazwelonke ngoJulayi 18.
Ngabe izinkokhelo ezengeziwe zizonyamalala?
Vele, kungenzeka ukuthi izinkokhelo ezengeziwe ziyanyamalala zikhona; Izinkinga ezinjengalezi kungabhekwana nazo ngaphakathi kwezingqungquthela futhi zibhekwe ngokujulile. Kodwa-ke, izingqinamba ezinjengomthelela lokhu okungaba nawo ekusetshenzisweni kukazwelonke nakwezohwebo yilezo ezivimba umqondo wokuqeda ukukhokhelwa okwengeziwe kwabasebenzi bakahulumeni.
Izinkokhelo ezingeziwe kwamanye amazwe omhlaba
Izinkokhelo ezingeziwe ziphathwa ngendlela ehlukile kwamanye amazwe omhlaba. Emazweni afana ne-United Kingdom, kukhokhiswa izinkokhelo eziyi-12 zenyanga. EJalimane kukhokhiswa izinkokhelo eziyi-14, kanye nezengezo eziningi. E-Austria, kukhokhwa izinkokhelo zenyanga eziyi-14 ngonyaka. EFrance abasebenzi banikezwa izinkokhelo eziyi-13 zanyanga zonke kuthi eFinland banikwe imali engu-12 nengxenye.
- UK; E-United Kingdom ngokwesibonelo, azikho izinkokhelo ezengeziwe, ngisho nakuKhisimusi. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi ezinye izinkampani zihambisa imali encane ngaphakathi kwemikhakha ezimele, into engathathwa njengebhonasi, kepha kuyimali encane nje futhi akusondelene nomholo ophelele.
- IBelgium; Kunezinkokhelo ezimbili ezengeziwe okuyihlobo noKhisimusi, okwenza u-75% wemali ekhokhwa ngenyanga.
- USA; lapha ayikho enye imali ekhokhwayo kaKhisimusi. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkampani zinikeza amanye amabhonasi ezimali anikezwa ekupheleni konyaka, anikezwa ikakhulukazi kubaphathi abaphezulu bezinkampani.
Khokha okungeziwe ngamaqembu
- Iqembu A1; 691.21 euros, engeza ama-euro angu-26.58 njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
- Iqembu A2; Ama-euro angama-706.38, kanye nama-euro angu-25.61 njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
- B Iqembu; Ama-euro angama-731.75 nama-euro angama-26.65 ngaphezulu ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu.
- Iqembu C1; Ama-euro angama-628.53, kanye nama-euro angama-22.93 njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
- Iqembu C2; Ama-euro angama-599.73, lapho kunezelwa ama-euro angu-17.91 njalo eminyakeni emithathu yezinsizakalo.
Ngifuna ukuba yisisebenzi sikahulumeni, kufanele ngenzeni?
Okokuqala, kufanele ube yiSpanish noma isakhamuzi sanoma yiliphi elinye izwe e-European Union. Kufanele uvunyelwe ukusebenza emsebenzini womphakathi, okungukuthi, ungavinjelwa ukuthi ubambe iqhaza emisebenzini yomphakathi ngenxa yokujeziswa okusebenzayo.
Ezinye zezidingo eziphambili zokuba isisebenzi sikahulumeni yilezi:
- Kufanele ube neminyaka eyi-16 noma ngaphezulu, ungafinyeleli eminyakeni ecacile yokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
- Akufanele ube namarekhodi obugebengu, ngoba lokhu kuzokuvimbela ukuthi ubambe iqhaza emisebenzini yokuphathwa komphakathi.
- Ungahlushwa noma yikuphi ukugula, isimo somzimba noma somqondo esivimbela ukuba uthuthuke ngaphakathi kwemisebenzi yesikhulu.
Isiphetho
Izinkokhelo ezengeziwe beziyingxenye yomholo oyisisekelo wabasebenzi bakahulumeni nabasebenzi bakahulumeni iminyaka. Siphila esikhathini soshintsho, lapho kungavela khona izinguquko nemithetho emisha ethinta inkokhelo eyengeziwe enikezwa abasebenzi, kodwa kuzolinda kuphela ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani.