Izimali zase-US zihlanganyele ngamandla kulandela ukuthengiswa okubangelwe yigciwane ngoMashi, nokwenze abaningi babuyela ezimakethe ukuze benze inzuzo futhi babuyisele ukulahlekelwa.
I-S & P 500 isule ukulahleka kwayo ngo-2020 kwathi iNasdaq Composite yaphakama phezulu ngoMsombuluko, nangesikhathi izikhulu zimemezela ukuthi i-US yangena kwezomnotho ngoFebhuwari.
Lokho kungakhombisa ukubuya kwesifunda njengendawo eshisayo yokutshala imali. Kepha njengoba idola liqhubeka nokuwa phakathi kwezikhuthazo ezivela emabhange amakhulu, abatshalizimali bangaqapha futhi babheke kwezinye izimakethe ngamathuba okwakha ingcebo.
Amathuba e-Asia
I-UBS Global Wealth Management ithe i-Asia (ngaphandle kweJapan) "yiso kuphela isifunda" esilindele ukukhiqiza ukukhula okuhle emholweni wezimali kulo nyaka.
Ucingo luqinisa ithemba phakathi kwabatshalizimali abacebile base-Asia, abathi ngo-Ephreli babenethemba elikhulu (51%) mayelana nezinyanga eziyisithupha zokubukwa kwamasheya esifundeni sabo, uma kuqhathaniswa no-46% eYurophu kanye no-35% kuphela e-US enkulu e-Asia-Pacific izimakethe zikhuphuke zaze zafika kuma-49% kusuka emazingeni aphansi ngoMashi ngesonto eledlule.
Lokhu kumelela ithuba lokutshala imali esifundeni, ikakhulukazi kubatshalizimali base-Asia abangahle balahlekelwe yimali uma bebeka imali kumasheya aseMelika, ngokusho kukaFreddy Lim, umsunguli we-StashAway nomphathi omkhulu wezotshalomali.
"Maningi amathuba okuthi izimali zase-Asia zizodlula idola ezinyangeni eziyi-18 kuya ku-24 ezizayo," kusho uLim ongumphathi wezomnotho waseSingapore. "Lokhu kusho nokuthi izimpahla ezisuselwa e-Asia zingaqala ukubukeka zithakazelisa ngokwezimali zendawo."
Izimakethe ezinkulu ongazitshala
Uma ubheka izimakethe ezinkulu e-Asia, iSingapore Straits Index ibukeka iheha njengoba inikeza ukufinyelela "kwamagama asezingeni eliphakeme, azinzile anomlando omude wokuphequlula ubhadane lwezifo olwedlule," kusho uLim.
Ezinye izimakethe zase-Asia ezithuthukile, njengeNingizimu Korea, iHong Kong, iTaiwan, kanye neChina, nazo zibukeka “njengabaphumelele” uma kuqhathaniswa nozakwabo besifunda abangathuthukile kangako, ngokusho kwenhloko yezomnotho yeHSBC Singapore no-Ian Yim waphesheya.
"Ngaphandle kokukhanga ngenani, banokuchayeka okuncane ezintweni zokusetshenziswa nakoyela, futhi kukhombise ukuthi bakulungele kangcono ukubhekana nenkinga yeCovid-19," kusho uYim, egqamisa izinto ezahlukahlukene ezisemakethe.
Ngokuqondile, izimboni ezinezisekelo eziqinile ezisheshiswe yigciwane, njenge-e-commerce, i-Intanethi kanye nomnotho omusha waseChina, kungenzeka zenze kahle, kuvumelana no-Yim no-Lim.
"Izinkampani ezenza i-e-commerce ikhombise ukuthi inamamodeli aqinile ebhizinisi futhi zingathola inzuzo yokushintsha indlela yokuziphatha kwabathengi ngokuzayo," kusho uYim.
Ama-bond nezindlu
Ngaphandle kwemakethe yamasheya, okunye ukutshalwa kwezimali e-Asia kukhombisa isethembiso, kusho uSamuel Rhee, umengameli kanye nesikhulu esiphezulu sezotshalomali enkampanini eyeluleka ngezomnotho yaseSingapore i-Endowus.
Amabhondi ase-Asia angenamkhawulo, ikakhulukazi, asebenze kahle ngaphansi kokuphendula kwezimali kohulumeni ngaleli gciwane, futhi ahlinzeka ngokuhlukahluka okubaluleke kakhulu kokutshalwa kwezimali, kusho yena.
"Kumabhondi, esifundeni, sibona inani e-Asia, lapho isivuno sikhuphuke khona," kuvuma iYS yeHSBC.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izimali zokutshala izindlu nomhlaba, noma izimali zokutshala izindlu nomhlaba (REITs), zingaveza "ukuba sengozini" okuthile ngenxa yegciwane lengculaza kulo mkhakha, kusho uRhee.
Faka imali kulo mkhakha
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yiliphi ithuba lokutshala imali, kubalulekile ukuqhamuka nesu. Ukuchaza imigomo yakho yezezimali nokuthi ungatshala malini kuyisiqalo esihle.
AbakwaStashAway's Lim bancoma ukuthi kutshalwe isamba semali njalo ngenyanga. Ngokwe-StashAway Vision 2020, "abatshalizimali abahlelekile", abaqhubeka nokutshala imali ngesikhathi somnotho, benza kangcono kunalabo abahoxa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.
Manje kunabaphathi abaningi bomnotho wedijithali abatholakala ukukusiza ukwenza lokho; Tshala imali ngokuzenzakalela kwizimali zezinkomba eziphethwe ngokungenzi lutho noma izimali ezihwebelana ngokushintshaniswa (ama-ETF) ezilandelela izifunda ezithile noma imikhakha ethile. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuqeda inkinga yokuqapha izimakethe eduze kakhulu, kodwa futhi kukuvumela ukuthi uhlale utshalile isikhathi eside, kusho uRhee wakwa-Endowus.
"Isikhathi sokumaketha sibaluleke kakhulu kunokuzama ukubeka isikhathi emakethe," kusho uRhee. "Lokho kufakazele ukuthi kube yimizamo engenamsebenzi njengoba ukwehla okusheshayo kwakamuva kanye nokubuyela emuva ngokulinganayo kuphinde kwabonakala futhi."
Kungani utshala imali e-Asia?
I-Asia yindawo ephoqelelayo futhi enamandla yokutshala imali enganikeza abatshalizimali ukwehluka kwephothifoliyo ekhangayo. Izisekelo zezomnotho zisekela amasheya akhiqiza imali kuso sonke isifunda futhi anganikeza ngamathuba okutshalwa kwezimali akhangayo esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside.
Isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific singanikela ngamathuba amakhulu okukhula kanye nemifudlana yemali engenayo ekhangayo. Kunezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho uhlola isifunda:
Liyikhaya labantu abalinganiselwa kokuthathu kokuthathu kwenani labantu1 futhi, ngaphandle kokuthambekela kokuguga kwabantu kwezinye izingxenye zesifunda, abantu abaningi abaneminyaka yokusebenza bayasekela umnotho okhulayo.
Ingcebo ikhula ngokushesha. Usayizi wesigaba esiphakathi sokutshala imali ukhule ngokuqinile, futhi manje kunabantu abaningi abanenani eliphezulu esifundeni kunanoma iyiphi enye.
Ukukhula kwe-GDP ezindaweni eziningi zomnotho wesifunda kudlula okwamazwe amaningi aseNtshonalanga, futhi kunesisekelo esinamandla sebhizinisi lomhlaba wonke nesichumayo esifundeni sase-Asia-Pacific. Ngokocwaningo lwakamuva, iminotho yase-Asia izokuba nkulu kunawo wonke umhlaba ngo-20202.
Izinkampani eziningi esifundeni esidayiswa esidlangalaleni manje sezinosiko olusungulwe kahle lokukhokha izinzuzo. Kungenzeka uthole uhla lwezinkampani ezinikeza isivuno sezabelo eziphakeme kakhulu kunesivuno kumabhondi kahulumeni wasekhaya weminyaka eyishumi.
Ngokungafani nezimali eziningi zokulingana zase-Asia, isu likaJupiter Asia Income ligxile kakhulu emazweni athuthukile esifundeni sase-Asia-Pacific. Lokhu kukhetha izimakethe ezithuthukile kuye kwanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba izingozi eziningi kwezomnotho nakwezombusazwe emazweni asafufusa ezimakethe ziqinisekise iqembu ngokufanelekile kwezimakethe ezithuthukisiwe zesifunda.
Isu le-Asia Revenue liholwa nguJason Pidcock, owajoyina iJupiter ngo-2015 futhi uneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-25 enolwazi lokutshala imali esifundeni sase-Asia Pacific. Usekelwa ngu-Product Specialist uJenna Zegleman.
I-Asia ngokusobala iyinjini enkulu yokukhula komnotho emhlabeni namuhla, futhi abaningi bazama ukutshala imali ekukhuleni kwayo ngemakethe yamasheya. Vele, i-Asia yizwekazi elikhulu kakhulu futhi lahlukahlukene elinamathuba amakhulu okutshala imali, kepha kuneziqondiso eziningana okufanele zilandelwe. Kuzofanele uhlole amathuba ezweni ngalinye ngawodwana, noma uthenge izimali zokulingana ezitshala kakhulu ezinkampanini zase-Asia. Kufanele wazi ukuthi imininingwane yezinkampani zakwamanye amazwe kungenzeka ingatholakali, ithembeke noma ifike ngesikhathi. Izimakethe zamasheya e-Asia zilawulwa kancane kunase-United States futhi zinezinto "zomthengi qaphela".
Khetha izwe ozotshala imali kulo okokuqala. Izitoko zaseSingapore zinokubukwa okuhlukile kunamasheya aseJapan, ngokwesibonelo. Yenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngemithetho yendawo nezinkampani ezisuselwe ezweni elithile. Ukuthatha isikhathi sokukhetha inkampani efanelekile ozotshala kuyo, kanye nokuchayeka emicimbini emibi yemali, kubaluleke kakhulu.
Isibonelo, i-Asia Stock Watch ihlinzeka ngokutholakala okujwayelekile kwezimakethe zase-Asia, i-Equity Master inikeza imininingwane emakethe yaseNdiya, i-China Daily iphephandaba likahulumeni waseNgilandi, kanti iGaijin Investor neJapan Financials zenzelwe abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe abathenga eJapan.
Nquma ukuthi uyafuna yini ukusebenzisa inkampani yabarhwebi ezweni lakho noma kwelinye. Ukuvula ama-akhawunti phesheya kungabandakanya amaphepha amaningi nemibhalo, kepha kuzokunikeza izinketho eziningi kunalokho obuzoba nazo uma usebenzisa i-akhawunti ejwayelekile yokuhweba e-United States. Izinketho zifaka ukukwazi ukutshala imali ezinkampanini ongeke ukwazi ukufinyelela kuzo kusuka e-United States. Kodwa-ke, amafemu okuhweba awalawulwa njengase-United States, futhi nokuhweba ngezokuphepha akuqhathaniswa ne-United States.
Ukuya ngqo emthonjeni kunenzuzo ngezizathu eziningana. Amasheya amaningi e-Asia angathengwa kuphela ngokushintshaniswa kwamasheya emazweni abo. Ngaphezu kwezinketho ezingeziwe kanye nokutholakala okusha, ukufaka imali kuzingxenyekazi zakwamanye amazwe kunciphisa ubungozi bezimali, bezepolitiki kanye nobezimali ngokuba nama-akhawunti asebhange nawokuhweba emazweni afanele.
Khetha amazwe asuka kwezolimo aye emphakathini wasemadolobheni. Kuzofanele kwakhiwe amadolobha, kuzodingeka abasebenzi abafundile nengqalasizinda engcono, njengokuxhumana ngocingo. Ingcuphe ingancishiswa ngokutshala imali emazweni angazinzile kwezepolitiki.
Ngaphezu kukahulumeni ozinzile futhi ophephile ngokwezezimali, funa amazwe amukela utshalomali lwakwamanye amazwe, abe namabhange amakhulu anenzuzo, futhi abe nokuzinza kwangaphakathi ngaphandle kwemibhikisho eminingi nokuvukelwa kwangaphakathi okuqhubekayo.
Ezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele ngokutshala imali enenzuzo zibandakanya ukuthola amazwe athuthukayo kwezomnotho, enza kangcono kakhulu kunalokho abantu abaningi abakubonayo, anemali eguquguqukayo eya kweyabo, futhi anezindlela ezilula zokuthengisa.uma utshalomali lwakho lungasebenzi.
Faka imali emazweni ahlukahlukene. Lokhu kuzosiza ukulinganisela ukuntengantenga kokuhweba ezimakethe ezisafufusa kanye nobungozi emazweni lapho ukuhweba ngaphakathi kuvunyelwe. Ngemuva kokuvula nokuxhasa ngezimali ama-akhawunti akho, hlaziya umehluko phakathi kwawo ukwazisa izinqumo zakho mayelana nokutshalwa kwemali okuzayo.
EJapan, ngokwesibonelo, amasheya ngokuvamile athengwa ngamayunithi ayi-1000 100, noma ngezikhathi ezithile ayi-XNUMX, ngakho-ke ukuthenga okuncane kakhulu kwesinye isikhathi kungabiza imali enkulu. Funa abadayisi abathengisa ngeziphindaphindo ezincane. Kukhona nemikhawulo yokuthi amanani avunyelwe ukukhuphuka noma ukwehla ngezinga elingakanani ngosuku ngaphambi kokumiswa kokuhweba.
E-China, abatshalizimali bakuthole kunzima ukwethemba izitatimende zezimali zezinkampani eziningi. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukutshala imali ezinkampanini ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinomlando omude, ukusebenza kwezezimali okuphephile, kanye nesisekelo sabaninimasheya esikhulu.
Yize i-India yaziwa ngengqalasizinda yayo engeyinhle, ukwehla kwamandla emali, ukuguqulwa komhlaba, ezombusazwe ezihlangene, ubuphofu, inkohlakalo, nokushoda kwemali, izinkampani eziningi zaseNdiya zikhiqiza inzuzo enhle kakhulu, okwenza ukutshalwa kwezimali kumasheya aseNdiya kube nokuzuzisa.
Thenga amasheya ezinkampani zase-Asia ezweni lakho. Uma ungumtshali-zimali omncane noma ungakhululekile ukuvula i-akhawunti yokuhweba phesheya, amasheya amakhulu ase-Asia abhalwe kuNew York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, London Stock Exchange nakwamanye amapulatifomu. Yenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngenkampani ngayinye usebenzisa okushicilelwe okuku-Method 1 ngaphambi kokutshala imali, ubheke izinkampani ezinomlando wokukhula, inani elincane lesikweletu, nosayizi nokuzinza kwemali etholakalayo.
Ezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele yibhalansi eqinile, imigqa ehlukahlukene yomkhiqizo, isipiliyoni sokuphatha, kanye nenani labasebenzi. Izingozi zokutshala imali emazweni ase-Asia zifaka ukungazinzi kwezenhlalo nezepolitiki, ukwehla kwamanani okushintshana, ukuguquguquka kwamanani entengo, kanye nomthethonqubo olinganiselwe.
Thenga izimali ezihlangene kanye ne-Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) ezitshala imali ezinkampanini zase-Asia. Izinkampani zokutshala imali ezinjengeMatthews Asia Funds kanye ne-Aberdeen Asset Management, ngokwesibonelo, zitshala imali ezinkampanini zase-Asia futhi zinikeze ngezimali ezahlukahlukene kubatshalizimali abakhulu nabancane. Ama-ETF angukutshalwa kwemali okusungulwa njengesikhwama sokubambisana kepha kuthengiswa njengesabelo esisodwa.
Ukuthenga izimali ezihlanganyelanayo kuvame ukuvumela ukuthi utshale imali emazweni izimakethe zawo ezivaliwe kubatshali bezimali ngabanye abangezona izakhamuzi. Ungangena ezindlekweni zezikhwama eziphezulu ezikhwameni zokubambisana eziphethwe ngokomsebenzi.
Thenga izimali zebhondi ezitshalwe ezinkampanini zase-Asia. Iphothifoliyo elinganiselayo iqukethe amasheya nezibopho zombili. Ungathenga amasheya ezimali ezihlanganyelwe ezitshala imali kumabhondi angaphandle noma zithenge amabhondi ngamanye. I-Aberdeen, i-Matthews Asia, kanye nezinkampani ezinkulu zokutshala imali zase-US ezinjengeVanguard neFidelity zithengisa imali yama-bond efaka imali ezinkampanini zase-Asia.
Izimali zokutshala imali
Emasontweni adlule, ukwesaba nge-coronavirus kunyakazise izimakethe zokulingana emhlabeni jikelele. Amathemba okuqala okuvimba ngokushesha ashabalala njengoba leli gciwane liqhubeka nokusabalala, ikakhulukazi eChina, enesibalo esiphezulu samacala. Abakhiqizi baseChina bebelokhu bebekezelela ukuvalwa kwefektri kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari, okuthinte omakhelwane babo abase-Asia kanye namaketanga okuhlinzekwa komhlaba wonke.
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuqubuka kwe-coronavirus, ukukhula eChina kwase kwehlile ngenxa yempi yamanje yezohwebo phakathi kwe-United States ne China. Njengoba iChina iyizwe elihamba phambili esifundeni sayo, ukwehla kwayo sekuthinte neminye iminotho yase-Asia njenge India, Malaysia, Thailand ne Japan. Ngabe lokho kusho ukuthi sekwephuze kakhulu ukutshala imali e-Asia?
Lapho izimakethe zamasheya ziwa, abatshalizimali abaphikisayo bavame "ukuthenga idiphu" - futhi bathenge amasheya ngenkathi wonke umuntu ewadayisa. Kodwa abanye bathi le nkinga yamanje ayikaze ibonwe nokuthi amasheya angaqhubeka nokushibilika ngenxa yokwesaba ukwanda komnotho emhlabeni. Yize kungenzeki ukwazi ukuthi ikusasa eliseduze lingaletha ini ezimakethe zamasheya, umbono wesikhathi eside kufanele ucatshangelwe.
Abatshalizimali besikhathi eside bavame ukuba nesikhathi sesikhathi seminyaka okungenani emihlanu kuya kweyishumi. Futhi ukuba nezinhlobonhlobo zotshalomali ezisatshalaliswa kuwo wonke umhlaba - kunokuba umane ugxile kumasheya ezweni lakho, isibonelo - kuyisihluthulelo sokutshala imali ngempumelelo.
Ngakho-ke yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokutshala izimali ezimakethe zezimali zase-Asia? Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi i-Asia yisifunda esihluke kakhulu, ikhaya elingaba ngu-60% wabantu emhlabeni namuhla. Ngokuqhathanisa, iYurophu inabantu abangaphansi kuka-10% babantu emhlabeni.
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zokutshala imali emnothweni wase-Asia yilokho abatshalizimali abangochwepheshe abakubiza "ngendaba yokukhula." Akukhona kuphela ukuthi abantu base-Asia bakhulu, kepha amakilasi abo aphakathi namazinga omnotho ayanda. Lokhu kusho ukuthi banezisekelo zabathengi ezikhula njalo.