La isimo lapho ezinye zezindawo okuthiwa ezomnotho osafufusa zidlula kuzo, ziqhutshwa yinkinga ye I-Turkey ne-ArgentinaIzokhiqiza uchungechunge lokungabaza ngomnotho womhlaba futhi nakwezomnotho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzoba ukuhlolwa kwe-litmus ukukhombisa ukuthi izimakethe zamasheya zizoguquka kanjani ezinyangeni ezizayo. Lapho kufanele uvikeleke kokungenzeki.
Vele, ukuvela kwamazwe asafufusa kuzoba yi-thermometer enhle kakhulu kumasu ozowasebenzisa ukuze usebenze ezimakethe zezezimali futhi ikakhulukazi emakethe yamasheya. Akunakulibaleka ukuthi kulezi zinyanga zasehlobo ama-alamu asukile kubatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi nendawo ngaphambi kokumenyezelwa kukaMongameli wase-United States, uDonald Trump, ukuthi ngabe inhloso esobala yini amanani we-aluminium kusuka kwelinye lalawo mazwe, njengeTurkey. Kuze kube yilapho i-lira yaseTurkey ikhiqize ukuwa okucishe kube ngu-10% uma kuqhathaniswa nedola laseMelika, nokwehla konyaka okungu-50%
Ngaphakathi kwalesi simo, kunezelwe ezinye izindaba ezikhathaza kakhulu umnotho womhlaba, okukhonjiswa ngazo ezimakethe zezimali futhi labo abalingisi babo abaphambili bangamanye amazwe asafufusa afanelekile. Njengesibonelo, e-Argentina lapho isisindo sehlile ngentengo yalo ngenxa yokwesaba okusobala mayelana nethuba langempela lokungakwazi ukuthatha ukuvuthwa kwesikweletu salo. Kuze kube yilapho izimakethe sezivele zikhuluma ngokuvela kwe-corralito entsha njengaleyo eyenzeka phakathi kuka-2001 no-2002.
Okuvelayo: inzalo iyenyuka
Lesi simo ezweni lase-Ibero-American ekugcineni siholele ibhange elikhipha imali e-Argentina ukuthi linqume ukukhuphula inzalo, esidlule ezinsukwini ezimbalwa 45% kuya ku-60%. Mayelana nezimakethe zemali, impendulo ibikhathaza kakhulu izintshisekelo zabatshalizimali. Lapho kube khona ukwehliswa kwamandla cishe kwama-50% wepeso lase-Argentina uma liqhathaniswa nedola. Ngalo mqondo, enye yezimakethe zezimali ezithinteke kakhulu yiSpanish ngenxa yokuchayeka kwayo emnothweni wase-Argentina njengoba izinkampani eziningi zaseSpain zikhona. Ngalesi sizathu, inkomba yokuma kwezimakethe zamasheya zaseSpain ibe ngomunye wabathinteke kakhulu kulo nyaka.
Kodwa hhayi kuphela izingozi ezivela e-Argentina. Vele, lesi simo asisasakazeki kwezinye izimali zamazwe asafufusa. Isibonelo, okwangempela kweBrazil, irandi laseNingizimu Afrika, i-peso yaseMexico noma okufanayo Iruble yaseRussia. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuchaza lesi simo esikhetheke kakhulu amazwe asafufusa abhekene naso ngokuyisisekelo kungenxa yezinga eliphezulu lesikweletu sikahulumeni esigcinwa yilawa mazwe, yize kuyisimo esiyingozi kakhulu esikhuthazwe ezinye izinto zokubaluleka okukhethekile. Njengoba kuxwayiswa ngabakwa-International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Ukuhweba komhlaba
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukubekwa kwamanani entengo amabi yi-United States kulimaza kakhulu ukuhwebelana kwamazwe omhlaba, njengoba kubonakala ezimakethe zamasheya cishe zomhlaba wonke. Kufika emazingeni angabonakali kulo nyaka asezonyamalala, ngaphandle kwezimali ze-US, ezicishe zibe khona ukuphakama kwesikhathi sonke. Izibikezelo zokukhula komnotho emhlabeni kulo nyaka zingu-4,4%, yize zingaphansi kuka-4,7% otholwe ngonyaka odlule. Ezinye izincazelo zalokhu kwehla kungenxa yokwehla okuthile komnotho waseChina.
Ngoba impela, i- Umnotho wase China kuthinteka futhi yimiphumela yezinyathelo zokuvikela e-United States futhi umphumela wayo ezimakethe zamasheya zomhlaba wonke ungaba mubi kakhulu ngonyaka ozayo. Ikakhulu, maqondana nomkhakha webhange nowezimali jikelele, okuyiyona ethinteka kakhulu kunabo bonke. Njengoba ubonile emavikini adlule. Ngalo mqondo, kuwumkhakha okufanele ugweme ukutholakala kwawo emakethe yamasheya njengecebo lokuvikela izikhundla zakho ezimakethe zezimali.
Imakethe yamasheya e-downtrend
Vele, omunye wemiphumela edalwa ukungazinzi emazweni asathuthuka ukundiza kwabatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi. Akumangalisi ukuthi ngalesi simo, sekuvele kube nabatshalizimali abaningi asebenqume ukushintsha amazinga aphezulu enzalo anikezwa amasheya nezimakethe zezikweletu ezinikezwa amazwe asafufusa futhi bafuna ukuphephela ezindaweni eziphephe kakhulu ezimakethe zezezimali. Enye yazo njengamanje yiNew York Stock Exchange, inkomba yayo efanelekile, i- Dow Jones, isezingeni eliphakeme ngokomlando futhi ngokuqhubekayo njengoba izinyanga zidlulile.
Kwenzekani endaweni yethu?
Kunoma ikuphi, abatshalizimali abaningi babheka ukuthi lesi simo esivuleke emazweni asafufusa eYurophu nokuthi iSpain sizothinta kanjani. Yebo, izinkomba zabo seziphendukile maphakathi nonyaka futhi bayabona ukuthi kanjani izinkomba zayo eziyinhloko zesitoko ziyawa. Yize kungenjalo ngamandla wamazwe asathuthuka, njengoba bekunengqondo ukubona kusengaphambili ngabahlaziyi bezezimali. Enye into eyehluke kakhulu yilokho okungenzeka ngonyaka ozayo futhi amathemba alo awekho mahle, ngokusho kwemibiko evele ezinyangeni ezedlule.
Kulokhu, izizathu zokuchaza lokhu kuziphatha ziyehluka futhi zinemvelo ehlukile. Yize okuthonya lo mkhuba omusha futhi yizinga eliphezulu lesikweletu iminotho eminingi yase-Europe enayo, ikakhulukazi leyo eseningizimu yezwekazi elidala. Lapho ukuvezwa kwamanye amabhange aseYurophu emnothweni waseTurkey nowase-Argentina kunamandla kakhulu. Ikakhulu, maqondana nokubhanka kwaseSpain BBVA enokuxhumana okukhulu nezwe lase-Ottoman. Okuthile okungakala phansi ukuvela kwe-Ibex 35 ngenxa yokuncika kwayo emkhakheni wamabhange.
Ukuhoxiswa kwesikhuthazi
Enye incazelo yokunquma lesi simo esenzeka ezimakethe zezezimali ilele ekutheni isikhathi sokukhishwa kwesikhuthazo sezezimali nguhulumeni siseduze kakhulu. I-European Central Bank (ECB). Kuze kube seqophelweni lokuthi lesi sinyathelo okuxoxwa ngaso kakhulu singadala ukwanda kwemali kwezinkampani ezisungulwe endaweni ye-euro. Ngale ndlela, ukuhlaziywa kwamabhange kukhombisa ukuthi imakethe yamasheya ingakhombisa ukulahleka kusukela ngoJanuwari, futhi kwezinye izimo ngaphansi kokuqina okuqinile. Ngeke kube nokukhetha ngaphandle kokulungela lesi simo esisha esinikezwa izimakethe zamasheya zase-Europe kanye neSpain ikakhulukazi.
Vele, iSpain noma izimakethe zayo zezezimali ngeke zisuse lesi simo samazwe omhlaba futhi ubufakazi balokhu ukwehla kwezimali zamazwe kusukela ngo-Ephreli. Noma kunjalo izinto zingaba zimbi kakhulu, ngombono wabanye babahlaziyi bezezimali abafanele kakhulu. Izeluleko ezinhle kakhulu zabatshalizimali ukuthi babe sesimweni soketshezi kokungenzeka kokulandelayo. Futhi njengecebo lokusebenzisa amathuba ebhizinisi azovela ngokungangabazeki kusukela manje. Ngamanani esitoko angancintisana kakhulu kunakuqala.
Kuyacaca ukuthi izinga eliphakeme lesikweletu emazweni asafufusa nasethuthukile lingaqinisa isimo ezinyangeni ezizayo noma ngisho naseminyakeni ezayo. Ukugwema lesi simo esingemnandi, bekungeke kube buhlungu ukusebenzisa imihlahlandlela ethile yesenzo ezoba nenhloso enkulu yokuvikela ukonga kwakho kokunye ukucatshangelwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Njengokulandelayo esizokudalula ngezansi:
- Akusona isikhathi esihle sokutshala imali emakethe yamasheya. Ungabheka okunye izindlela ezizuzisa kakhulu, njengezinto zokusetshenziswa noma izinsimbi eziyigugu.
- Isikhathi soku ngikunikeze ikhefu futhi uqaphele ukuthi izikhwama ziguquka kanjani ngaphambi kwezinkinga ezibalwe ngenhla.
- Kungcono ukuthola ukuphepha Kumikhiqizo yezezimali, kufanele ubheke inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu ekugcineni abangeke bakwazi ukukunikeza yona.
- Imali engenayo engaguquki izokwenza phakamisa intshisekelo yakho Futhi kungaba yisikhathi esihle sokuqalisa lolu hlobo lokutshalwa kwezimali okade wakhohlwa.
- Ungakhohlwa ukuthi futhi ungenza ukonga kwakho kube nenzuzo nge isikhwama phansi. Ngemikhiqizo eguqukayo njengamanje engaba yithuba elihle kakhulu lokuthola inzuzo ephezulu yemali. Yize izingozi ziphakeme.
Ngeke ube nokhetho ngaphandle hlukanisa utshalomali, lapho imikhiqizo yemali engenayo engaguquki kufanele ibe nendawo kuphothifoliyo yakho elandelayo yokutshala imali. Akumangalisi ukuthi uzoba nemali engaguquguquki futhi eqinisekisiwe minyaka yonke, yize ingekho phezulu kakhulu. Kepha kuyisiphakamiso okungafanele ukuthi sishoda ngezikhathi zokungazinzi okukhulu.