Bill of exchange

Kunemibhalo eminingi yezimali, namanje, engaziwa namanje, yize isondele kubantu nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi bezwe ngayo. Kodwa-ke, imigomo efana nebhili yokushintshisana, inothi lesethembiso, njll. kungahle kube yigama elithi, kubantu ngabanye, elingaqondakali (hhayi elezinkampani).

Uma ufuna ukwazi Yini incwadi yoshintsho nayo yonke imininingwane okufanele uyicabangele ukuqonda umqondo ngokuphelele, khona-ke sikusiza ukukwenza. Sizochaza umqondo, izibalo ezizongenela, yini umehluko okhona namanye amathuluzi ezezimali, njll.

Yini incwadi yoshintsho

Singachaza isikweletu sokushintshana njenge- idokhumenti yezohwebo esetshenziselwa ukwenza ukuthengiselana kwezebhizinisi. Umthethosivivinywa wokushintshana udinga ukuthi umuntu enze inkokhelo, yenani elibekiwe nesikhathi esilinganiselwe. Kodwa-ke, lesi sibopho singawela kumuntu wesithathu. Lokho wukuthi, noma ngubani onemali oyishintshayo, ngakho-ke uzothola leyo mali, angadlulisela lelo lungelo komunye umuntu, ngendlela yokuthi imali itholakale ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukushintshanisa ngomunye umuntu olinde isikhathi esishiwo isikweletu sokushintshanisa ukuqoqa.

Ngokuvamile, i I-bill of exchange isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinkampanini lokho phakathi kwabantu, kepha ukusetshenziswa okunikezwayo kwenzelwa izinhloso ezimbili:

• Khonza njengesiqinisekiso sokukhokha, ngomqondo wokuthi isiqinisekiso sinikezwa ngokushintshanisa imali ethile eqoqwe ngosuku okuvunyelwene ngalo. Uma ungakwenzi lokho, ungaya enkantolo uyokwenza inkokhelo isebenze.
• Khonza njengenkokhelo, ngoba kuyasiza ukulamula ukuthengiselana nokuthengisa.

Kufanele ibukeke kanjani ibill yokushintshana esemthethweni?

I-Las izikweletu zokushintshana zinezici eziningana lokho kuzenza zibe "semthethweni", okusho ukuthi, kufanele zigcwaliswe ukuze lowo mbhalo ube nokuvunyelwa ngokomthetho. Ziphakathi kwazo:

• Nquma indawo yokukhishwa.
• Yenza kucace imali ekhishwe ngayo.
• Yiba nenani kuzo zombili izinhlamvu nezinombolo.
• Cacisa ukukhishwa nokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwedokhumenti.
• Yiba nayo yonke imininingwane yomkhiphi (idrowa) nokuthi ngubani okufanele akhokhe (drawee).
• I-akhawunti yasebhange noma yasebhange lapho kuzokhokhwa khona (lokhu akusasekho okuphoqelekile, kodwa kungakhethwa).
• Ukwamukela okusobala kwesibopho sowadonswayo wokwenza inkokhelo.
• Isiginesha (kulokhu kuzovela kumkhiphi wesikweletu sokushintshana).
• Izinga lentela nokuhlonza amadokhumende.

Izinombolo zesikweletu sokushintshana

Njengoba besikutshelile ngaphambili, kumthethosivivinywa wokushintshana kukhona okungenani ababambiqhaza abathathu, kepha empeleni kukhona izibalo ezingaphezulu ezihlobene nalombhalo wezezimali. Lezi izi:

• Ishalofu: lo ngumuntu okhipha idokhumenti. Ngumboleki wesikweletu futhi nguyena obeka isibopho salowo okweletwayo, obizwa ngokuthi yi-drawee, ukwenza inkokhelo isebenze ngesikhathi esifanele.
• Kukhululiwe: kungukweletwa onesibopho sokukhokha inani elimisiwe, ngesikhathi esishiwo, ekhabetheni.
• Umninipholisi: futhi okukhulunywa ngakho kwezinye izindawo njengemfoloko. Sikhuluma ngomuntu ohlomulayo kumthethosivivinywa wokushintshana. Okusho ukuthi, uma kuphela isikhathi sesiphelile, uzokwazi ukuqoqa inani lemali elisungulwe kulo mbhalo. Imvamisa lo muntu uyidrowa, kwazise unguye obolekayo. Kepha iqiniso ukuthi kungaba omunye umuntu.
• Umgunyazi: leli gama lisho umuntu okuthi, enelungelo lomthethosivivinywa wokushintshisana, awudlulisele kumuntu wesithathu ukuze enze lelo nani lemali lisebenze ngaphambi kwesikhathi salo.
• Endorsee: sikhuluma ngomuntu ogcina amalungelo okhokhayo / ekhabetheni, ngaleyo ndlela abe ngumkhokhi omusha.

Ungayiqoqa kanjani imali yokushintshisana

Manje njengoba usunombono ocacile wokuthi iyini ibhili yokushintshisana, kungenzeka ukuthi umbuzo ovelayo ukuthi ungayilanda kanjani. Imvamisa, umthethosivivinywa wokushintshana yidokhumende, ngosuku oluthile, olungaguqulwa lube yimali (ikakhulukazi leyo ebonakaliswa kulelo thuluzi lezezimali). Kepha kufanele kwenziwe kanjani?

Into yokuqala okufanele uyazi ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi umthethosivivinywa wokushintshaniswa uqoqwe ngosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi noma, ikakhulukazi, kungakapheli izinsuku zebhizinisi eziyi-1-2 zosuku lokuphelelwa isikhathi. Kungani kungabi nesikhathi esithe xaxa? Yebo, ngoba kungahle kube nenkinga yokuphoqelela ilungelo.

Kufanele njalo uhambise idokhumenti yokuqala ebhange elisungulwe kulo mbhalo, noma lapho kuhlala khona udraywee. Lapho bazokucela ukuthi ukhombise ubunikazi bakho njengomnikazi welungelo lokuqoqwa, noma amandla asebenzayo wommeli ukwenza ukukhokha kusebenze. Ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke bakunikeze.

Manje, kungenzeka ukuthi, ngesikhathi sokukhokha, ungakhokhi konke, kodwa ukhokhe ingxenye. Kulezi zimo, awukwazi ukwenqaba ukuthola leyo nkokhelo engaphelele, kepha unelungelo lokufuna ukuthi bakunikeze idokhumende elisho inani elikhokhelwe.

Kuthiwani uma bengangikhokhi?

Umcimbi kungenzeka lapho lapho isikweletu sokushintshana sisebenza, senqatshwa. Kulokhu kufanele iya kummeli olungisa izivumelwano ozokhipha isenzo "sokubhikisha". Qaphela, ngoba lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kungakapheli izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili zebhizinisi ngemuva kokuphela kwencwadi (uma kungenjalo uzolahlekelwa yizinkokhelo zakho).

Ummeli olungisa izivumelwano kumele enze irekhodi futhi axhumane nodonsela amanzi ukuze amazise ukuthi akukhokhiwe. Lapho esazisiwe, umadonsela angenza izinsolo noma akhokhe idrowa lokho akweletwayo, ngaphezu kwezindleko zommeli-notari zokubhikisha. Uma kwenzeka ungaphenduli noma ungakhokhi, kungathathwa izinyathelo zomthetho.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ibhilidi lokushintshana kuyinto elula ukuyiqonda, kepha ifaka izingozi nezinzuzo zayo, ikakhulukazi njengoba ubeka imali ethile kudokhumenti, kamuva, engenziwa ukuthi isebenze ngaphandle kwezinkinga noma kube nzima ukuyiqoqa.

Wake wakhipha isikweletu sokushintshana? Noma usuyikhokhile eyodwa? Sitshele ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho naleli thuluzi lezezimali.