Iyini inzalo yemali ngokusemthethweni?

inzalo esemthethweni yemali

Njengamanje imali mboleko yinto esetshenziswa kabanzi ngabasebenzisi abaningi, ngoba njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubekela phambili, kulula ukukhipha amandla faka isicelo futhi ugunyaze ukubolekwa kwemali cishe kunoma ngubani. Kodwa-ke, yize ithandwa kangaka, izimali mboleko azikaziwa kubasebenzisi abaningi, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wemithethonqubo noma umthetho, futhi elinye lamagama okufanele lisithakazelise, futhi nokho elihlala lingaqashelwa inzalo esemthethweni yemali, kodwa ngaphambi kokuqonda leli gama kufanele siqonde okulandelayo.

Nini sifaka isicelo semalimboleko Siyavumelana nombolekisi noma isikhungo sezezimali isikhathi okufanele sikhokhe ngaso isikweletu sethu; ngaphezu kwalokho kuchaziwe inzalo esetshenziswa enanini lemalimboleko eyisisekelo, le nzalo ingaba lula noma ihlanganiswe, futhi ingaba shintsha isikhathi sokuhlanganiswa lapho kufanele sikhokhe khona isikweletu sethu.

Futhi yize kuze kube manje yonke into ibonakala iphelele kunezimo ezenzeka empilweni yangempela futhi ezingalawulwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, esinye salezi zimo ukubambezeleka kokukhokhwa kwesikweletu sethu.

Kukhona izimo ezimbili zikakhonkolo, lapho sifike sekwedlule isikhathi ekukhokheni okukodwa ukukhokha isikweletu, njengoba kunjalo ngemikweleti emincane lapho i- umbolekisi ucela ukukhokhelwa kwemali mboleko Ngokukhokha okukodwa, imvamisa kungakapheli inyanga unikeze imvume ngemalimboleko. Isimo sesibili kulapho sifike sekwedlule isikhathi ekukhokheni uchungechunge lwethu lomfaniswano, isibonelo, uma inkokhelo yethu kufanele yenziwe ngosuku lwesibili enyangeni ngayinye futhi ngenyanga ka-Agasti sifike sekwedlule isikhathi, singakwazi ukumboza inani elihambelana leyo nyanga.

Olunye udaba okufanele silwazi ngaphambi kokuthi sichaze isihloko esiyinhloko salesi sihloko ukuthi ukubambezeleka, leli gama elisemthethweni lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukwehluleka ukukhokha ngesikhathi okuvunyelwene ngaso ngenxa yobudedengu, okusho ukuthi ukubambezeleka kwenziwa ngenhloso.

Lokhu kubalulekile ukukhumbula ngoba inzalo esemthethweni yemali Kusebenza kuphela lapho umuntu okufanele akhokhe isikweletu ebambezelekile; Ngamanye amagama, uma isizathu sokuthi ungakwazi ukukhokha bekuyisimo esingaphezu kwamandla akho, isijeziso singahluka.

Iqiniso lokugcina okufanele siliqonde kahle ngaphambi kokungena ngokuphelele kufayela le- isinqumo senzuzo yezomthetho yemali ngukuthi imalimboleko esiyicelayo iyinkontileka noma isivumelwano phakathi kombolekisi nomsebenzisi; Futhi njengakuyiphi inkontileka, zombili izinhlangothi ziyavuma ukufeza izigaba ezithile, futhi uma singahambisani nazo, kunezigatshana lapho kunenhlawulo yokungathobeli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma sizibophezela ukukhokha ngosuku lwesibili futhi singenzi kanjalo, isikhungo sezezimali singase sikhokhe inhlawulo. Kuyini lokho?

Inzalo esemthethweni yemali

inzalo esemthethweni yemali

Isijeziso lokho kuphethwe ngu ukukhokha sekwedlule isikhathi kuvunyelwane ngokuvamisile ngokukhokhiswa kwemali yenani elithile. Lezi zimali ezisezimalini esizibhalile zingaba yisizathu sokuthi izikhungo zezezimali zihlukumeze ngendlela yokuthi kukhokhiswe imali enkulu, ukuze kulawulwe lesi simo uhulumeni ukhipha inzalo yezomthetho yale mali.

Lapho sesiqonda ukuthi yini inkontileka, imalimboleko, ukubambezeleka, kanye nentela ekhokhiswayo, singasifaka ngokugcwele isinqumo se- inzalo yezomthetho isikhathi semali. Lokhu kungachazwa njengenani lamaphesenti elibekwe ngokomthetho nguhulumeni, ukuze ukwazi ukubala ngendlela efanele inani okumele likhokhwe njengesinxephezelo sokwenza inkokhelo ifike sekwedlule isikhathi.

Manje kuyiqiniso ukuthi uhulumeni usungula i- izinga lenzalo lonyaka lokho kuzosebenza ezimweni lapho ukubambezeleka kwenkokhelo kutholakele khona, kodwa-ke into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele ibhekwe ukuthi leli zinga lenzalo lisebenza kuphela uma kungekho sivumelwano lapho umsebenzisi wemalimboleko avuma ukwenza izinkokhelo ezengeziwe ngokuya ngesilinganiso senzalo esihlukile.

Kungenxa yalokhu okungenhla ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi njengabasebenzisi bemalimboleko sibuyekeze inkontileka kahle kahle sifuna imininingwane ethile kulolu daba, ngoba uma kwenzeka sivuma ukuthi intela ekhokhwayo yenziwa ngesinye isilinganiso ngaphandle inzalo esemthethweni yemali, lapho-ke isilinganiso besingakhula kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, kunezimo eziningi lapho, uma kwenzeka ukuthi noma yiliphi iqembu lingavumelani nenzalo ethile uma kwenzeka kubambezeleka, umthetho ubeka inani elizokhokhwa. Kwesinye isikhathi kunemithetho eqonde ngqo ezindabeni ezithile, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubuyekeza le mithetho ukuze ukwazi ukuchaza kahle inani elizofakwa. Inombolo yendatshana engu-1108 ye-Civil Code ophethe ukulawulwa kwalezi zindaba.

Olunye udaba okufanele silucubungule ukuthi lolu inzalo iyasebenza kunani elikweletwayo, Ngakho-ke, inani eliphelele elikhokhwayo lizolingana nenkokhelo ehambelana nesikhathi esishiwo kanye nenkokhelo yokulibaziseka. Ngakho-ke, inkokhelo ezokhokhwa ilingana nesamba semali yesikweletu kanye nenani elingezwe njengenhlawulo eyengeziwe.

Umthetho wamanje

inzalo esemthethweni yemali

Okufanele kucaciswe ukuthi njengamanje ngubani olawula lokhu Izinga lenzalo yibhange laseSpain ngokuzimela, ukuthi yize kungaphansi komyalo kahulumeni waseSpain, kuyinto ehlukile.

Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba inzalo esemthethweni yemali ekuqaleni kwawo uma wawulawulwa ngokuphelele nguhulumeni, okusho ukuthi ingxenye esemthethweni, ukuze umthethonqubo wayo ushiwo ngumthetho.

Kwaze kwaba nguDisemba 30, 1997 lapho ukuxhumana okwakukhona phakathi kwe inzalo esemthethweni yemali enenzalo eyisisekelo yenzalo kuyalelwa yibhange laseSpain. Ngale ndlela, ubudlelwano obabukhona phakathi kwezinga lenzalo obabekwa ngalo ibhange kanye nenzalo esemthethweni yemali.

Lokhu bekubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ngo-2011 nango-2012 izikweletu zomphakathi waseSpain zaduma kabi, ngenxa yalokhu izimakethe zezimali zalinyusa inani lazo ngendlela efanayo.

Kepha sibonga ukuqedwa kobudlelwano phakathi kwalokhu Izinga lenzalo inzalo esemthethweni yemali Akukhombisanga kukhula okukhulu, obekuzokwenzeka ukube ibingacubungulanga lolu daba.

Icala elikhethekile

Iqiniso elithandekayo lomlando maqondana nomthetho ngalolu daba ukuthi endaweni yokuvikela yaseSpain iMorocco kwakukhona imithetho ezimele ngokuphelele evela kulo lonke elaseSpain.

Kule ndawo inzalo ibibekwa ku-6% ngonyaka, kepha futhi nginciphisa amathuba okuthi labo abathintekayo basebenzise isivumelwano lapho bethi i-iteres ingaphezulu kwe-12%, ngakho-ke noma ngabe zombili izinhlangothi zisisayinile isivumelwano, ku isilinganiso okuvunyelwene ngaso besiphezulu kuno-12%, lokhu kuzosulwa ngokomthetho.

Ushintsho lokugcina kulo mthetho lwalungo-1946, lapho inzalo yezomthetho emalini yabekwa ku-4%. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwathi nje lapho umvikeli weMorocco eyeka ukuthola ukwelashwa okukhethekile futhi kwashaywa umthetho ngomthetho ofanayo owawusebenza kulo lonke elaseSpain.

Inzalo ekubambezelweni kwentela nokubambezeleka kwezebhizinisi

inzalo esemthethweni yemali

Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zenzalo yokukhokha sekwedlule isikhathi, intela kanye nezentengiso. Zombili zinezizathu ezihlukile zezimo ezikhona futhi ngenxa yalokho zinemibandela ehlukile ekukhokhelweni kwalowo nalowo kumbolekisi; ukuze siwaqonde kangcono, ake sihlaziye sobabili ngokuzimela.

Ukuqala nge- inzalo ezenzakalelayo yentela, inani elisungulwa ekusebenzeni okubandakanya abantu, izinkampani nezinhlangano zomphakathi. Leli zinga lenzalo lihlobene ngqo ne-ejensi yentela, futhi liyinzuzo elinganayo edingekayo njengokukhokha kubakhokhi bentela.

Ngendlela elula singachaza ukuthi lena yinkokhelo okufanele siyenze kwi-ejensi yentela ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwemali ngenxa yokubambezeleka ekukhokheni isikweletu.

Kulungile manje inzalo yokukhokha sekwedlule isikhathi kulawulwa umyalelo wezomthetho, owawuphethwe yiPhalamende laseYurophu noMkhandlu. Lokhu kulawula izindaba lapho imisebenzi egxile phakathi kwezinkampani ibandakanyeka, ukuze kungabikho muntu othintekayo. Iphinde ilawule izimo lapho ukuphathwa komphakathi kubandakanyeka khona. Le ndaba inokujula okukhulu kuyo yonke imithethonqubo yayo.

Ake siqale ngeqiniso lokuthi i- isikhathi sokukhokha sinqunyelwe esikhathini esiyizinsuku ezingama-60, futhi lokhu akunakwelulwa ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isikhathi esicabanga ngezinsuku ezingama-60 asiqali lapho kutholwa i-invoyisi, kodwa ngokutholwa kwezimpahla noma okokusebenza.

Ezinye izindaba ezilawulwayo ukuqoqwa kwama-invoyisi ukuze kwenziwe inkokhelo eyodwa phakathi kwabanye. Kulezi zimo, ukuthengiselana ikakhulukazi kususelwa esibophweni sekhasimende ukukhokha ukuthenga okwenziwe kwenye inkampani.

Ukubheka konke lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, yize into enhle kakhulu kuzohlala ingeqi ezikhathini zokukhokha.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.