Siyazi ukuthi namhlanje sithola izinguquko ezahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwemikhiqizo yasebhange njengamadiphozithi. Kungakho abatshalizimali manje sebezinikele ekuphatheni imali yabo ngokuyitshala imali yokutshala imali.
Izimali zokutshala imali
Ingabe uyazibuza ukuthi ziyini izimali ezihlanganyelanayo? Bangamaqoqo we imikhiqizo yezezimali noma yezokuphepha lapho umuntu ekhetha ukutshala khona imali. Kukhona abaphathi, abazinikele ekuqoqeni iziqu okuthi uma zihlanganisiwe zibe yimali. Okulandelayo, sizochaza izinhlobo ezithile zezimali ezikhona.
Intela
Kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi umuntu obamba iqhaza ku- isikhwama sokutshala imali asikhokhiswa intela kuze kube kwenzakalani buyisela imali wamasheya. Ngamafuphi, ngeke sikhiphe imali ngezimali kuze kube yilapho utshalomali luphumelela.
Okuhlukile amasheya esikhwama sokutshala imali badlala indima yezezimali yokubheka inzuzo noma ukulahleka kokulingana kuzinzuzo ezitholakele. Ngendlela yezimali, inzuzo etholakalayo kanye nokulahleka kungukwehluka kwe inani lemali yomkhokhi wentela. Inzuzo eyinhloko noma ukulahleka kuzonqunywa ngomehluko phakathi kwenani lokubhalisile nokuhlengwa kwamasheya.
Inzuzo enkulu yentela yezimali ezihlanganyelweyo ukuthi akudingekile ukuthi ukhokhe intela yempahla, okungenani kuze kube yi- Inzuzo enkulu iyasebenza futhi isebenza ngempumelelo.
Ngezinhloso ezingokoqobo, singathola inani lefa ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi olula; Sisusa inani lokutholwa kusuka kunani lokudlulisa. Inani lokudlulisa lakhiwa inani lokuthengisa ngaphansi kwezindleko nezintela ezihambisana nalokho kuthengiswa. Ngokulandelayo, i inani lokutholwa Yenziwe ngenani lokuthenga kanye nezindleko nezintela ezihambisana nalokhu kuthengiwe.
Ukuguqulwa kwentela ka-2015
I-ejensi yentela isungule i- umkhawulo wama-euro ayizi-400,000.
Kukhona imihlahlandlela yentela nenzuzo yeSimemezelo Senzuzo sango-2016, okuzokusiza uma ungabaza ngesitatimende semali engenayo futhi uzokwazi ukubonisana nezici ezibaluleke kakhulu mayelana nentela.
Uma wake wacabanga ukutshala imali ukusiza ngentela yakho ye-mutual fund, sizokutshela ngayo ngezansi.
Iziphi izimpahla engingatshala kuzo?
Kukhona okuhlukile izinhlobo zezimpahla lapho ungatshala khona imali yakho ukwenza inzuzo. Sizogxila kokuthathu okubaluleke kakhulu:
• Amasheya (imali engenayo eguquguqukayo)
Amasheya ayizitifiketi zobunikazi. Uma uthenga isabelo, kusho ukuthi unesabelo enkampanini noma enkampanini, noma okunikeza ilungelo lezinto ezithile ngaphakathi kwenkampani. Uma inani lesitoko likhuphuka, inkampani inganquma ukukhokha abaninimasheya.
Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona ukulahleka kwemali, lapho-ke ngeke kube khona izinkokhelo kubaninimasheya futhi inani lamasheya lingahle lehle. Intengo yesitoko incike ekuhlinzekweni nasekufunweni, nakho okuthonywe yinzuzo, namathemba ebhizinisi enkampani.
• Amabhondi (imali engaguquki)
Ngesibambiso, unikeza inkampani inkampani okuthi yona ikukhokhele inzalo yakho bese ikukhokhela nemali ebolekiwe. Umehluko phakathi kwamabhondi namasheya ukuthi izibopho azikuniki isigxobo enkampanini.
Amabhondi angakhishwa yinkampani, ngabaphathi besifunda nabasekhaya abanjengomasipala, noma umbuso. Zingaba zesikhashana noma zesikhathi eside futhi zikhokhe inzalo ephezulu noma ephansi, ngokuya ngesikweletu somuntu okweletayo kanye namazinga ayisisekelo wenzalo ezimakethe ezinkulu.
Amabhondi ahlinzeka ngokuzinza kwentengo enkulu kunamasheya, yize intengo yawo ingakhuphuka noma yehle kuye ngoshintsho kuzinga lenzalo noma ukufaneleka kwesikweletu kukweletwayo. Ziyanconywa kubatshalizimali abafuna ukuthola imali ezinzile.
• Ukuthengisa izindlu
Izakhiwo nezakhiwo zibhekene nokutshalwa kwezimali emhlabeni noma ezakhiweni. Uma uthola ibhilidi ngenhloso yokutshala imali, inhloso efanayo ukuqasha indawo ngenzuzo yokuqasha. Ngokuvamile intela incike endaweni, inhloso nesimo sesakhiwo.
Kukhona ezinye izinhlobo zezimpahla lapho ungatshala khona imali yakho, kepha lezi ezintathu yizona ezihamba phambili futhi ezivame kakhulu kubatshalizimali. Lezi zimpahla ezintathu eziyinhloko zinamathuba nobungozi obuhlukile.
Zisebenza kanjani izimali mutual?
Isisekelo esiyisisekelo silula; iqembu elikhulu labatshalizimali lisebenzisa imali yalo ukuyitshala kuzimpahla ezahlukahlukene ezinjengezibopho zokutshala imali, amasheya, phakathi kwabanye. Lezi izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali ziphethwe yizinkampani ochwepheshe bezokuphatha, ngenkathi begadwe ngabalawuli bakahulumeni. Ukushintshanisa izimali zabo, abatshalizimali bathola izimpahla zenani lezinkampani zokuphatha. Abatshalizimali bakhetha ezinhlobonhlobo zezimali ezihlangene
Izinhloso nezinjongo zakho zokutshala imali kufanele zibe kuchazwe ku-prospectus yesikhwama ukuze, ngokuhlanganyela nezimpahla, isikhwama sigunyazwe ukutshala imali.
Wazi kanjani inani lotshalo-mali?
Kulula; i inani lamasheya esikhwama sokutshala imali kusungulwa usuku ngalunye lokuhweba. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokungeza inani lazo zonke izimpahla ezikhona nokususa izindleko ezihlobene nokuphathwa nokuphathwa kwesikhwama sokutshala imali. Ngemuva kwalokho, inani elivelayo lihlukaniswa ngenani lamayunithi wezimali noma amasheya, aziwa njengevelu ye-asethi noma inani lentengo.
Uma okufunayo ukuthenga amayunithi esikhwama sokutshala imali, ungakwenza nganoma yiluphi usuku lokuhweba olubiziwe "intengo yokunikezwa", elingana nenani lempahla lilonke, kepha kaningi lifaka i-premium.
Uma ufuna ukuthengisa amayunithi esikhwama sakho sokutshala imali futhi, ungakwenza nganoma yiluphi usuku lokuhweba olukhokhelwe "Intengo yokuhlenga". Le ntengo ngokuvamile ilingana nenani lempahla lilonke. Futhi kwezinye izimo, kungafaka isaphulelo esincane kunani eliphelele lempahla isiyonke.
Izinzuzo zezimali zotshalomali
- Indlela elula yokwenza utshalomali oluhlukahlukene.
- Iphethwe uchwepheshe wezezimali.
- Bavumela abatshalizimali ukuthi babambe iqhaza ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokutshalwa kwemali.
Ukutshala imali izinganekwane
- Ukutshala imali kuthatha isikhathi eside; Namuhla, izwe lokutshala imali lifinyeleleka kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngosizo lwezobuchwepheshe, ulwazi ludluliselwa cishe ngaso leso sikhathi, okusiza abatshalizimali ukuthi bazi imininingwane emisha ngokushesha lapho kunezinguquko. Ukutshala imali akuthathi isikhathi, uma uhlakaniphile kuzoba lula kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi olungakusiza kuwe futhi uzokwazi ukutshala imali ngokushesha futhi kalula.
- Ukutshala imali emakethe yamasheya kufana nokugembula; Ukutshalwa kwemali okuphumelelayo akufani nomdlalo wamathuba. Ukutshala imali kumayelana nokulinganisa ubungozi kanye nembuyiselo engalethwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwimpahla ethile. Uma unamakhono okuba ngumtshali zimali omuhle, ungabikezela kalula imiphumela, ngokuya ngamathrendi, amaphethini, nemithetho yokunikezela nokufunwa.
- Ukukhokhela uchwepheshe kungcono kunokuzenzela izinqumo zokutshala imali; Abantu abaningi bakhokha imali enkulu ukuze imali yabo iphathwe ngumtshali zimali oqeqeshiwe. Inkinga enkulu ukuthi akubona bonke abatshalizimali abangochwepheshe abaphumelelayo emsebenzini wabo, ngenkathi behola ngemizamo yabo.
Unethuluzi elinamandla kunawo wonke elikhona: i-inthanethi. Manje sekulula ukuzifundisa ngosizo lwe-inthanethi ukuphatha imali yakho ngendlela engcono, engcono kakhulu kunendlela esezingeni elifanele.
- Ukutshala imali ngokwakho kukhulisa izingozi; Lokhu kungaba yiqiniso, uma ungenayo imfundo edingekayo yokutshala imali ngokwakho. Ukulinganisela ubungozi nethuba, kufanele ukwazi ukudala nokusebenzisa uhlelo lokutshala imali. Ngokuqeqeshwa okufanele, abatshalizimali banganciphisa ubungozi ngokuthola izimbuyiselo zabo.
- Ukutshala imali kulula njengokukwazi ukuthi ungathenga maphi amasheya, empeleni kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi imaphi amasheya okufanele uwathenga, kepha akuyona kuphela into odinga ukuyitshala ngempumelelo. Okubaluleke kakhulu nokwazi ukuthi ungasithengisa nini isitoko.
Ukutshala imali kudinga ubuhlakani nemfundo, kepha khumbula ukuthi ukuba ngumtshali-zimali akudingi ubuhlakani.
Isiphetho
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, i- izimali ezihlanganyelanayo zisekelwe ezimisweni eziyisisekelo futhi zinikeza ukufinyelela okulula nokusezingeni eliphezulu ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zamafa.
Ngokuvamile, ungatshala imali ku- thenga amasheya, amabhondi, ingcebo, noma ezinye izimpahla ngqo kusuka kumthengisi webhange, umphathi wezimpahla noma umthengisi wezezakhiwo. Ungabathenga ngokungaqondile, ngesikhwama sokubambisana, okuyindlela edumile esetshenziswa izigidi zabatshalizimali namuhla.
Sibhekene nokuguqulwa kwentela, okusenza singabaze ukuthi imali isatshalaliswa kanjani, okwenziwa ngezimali zokutshala imali esitatimendeni semali engenayo. Ngiyethemba le ndatshana ikusizile ukuthi uqonde kabanzi mayelana intela yezimali zokutshala imali.