Inkomba ye-CPI noma yamanani abathengi iyinkomba yemali lapho kubalwa khona inani lamanani entengo ohlobo lwama-athikili asetshenziswa kakhulu ethempelini lebhasikidi lomndeni noma ubhasikidi womndeni, okwenziwa ukubalwa okulinganiselwa komndeni kunani lalokhu abajwayele ukukwenza thola imikhiqizo kanye nokwehluka kwayo ngokwentengo, noma ngabe kukuhle noma kubi, ukwandisa noma ukwehlisela iphesenti kuye ngecala elithile.
I-CPI ingesinye sezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu zomnotho ngamunye. Yebo, iphethe ukwenza ibhalansi entengweni yezimpahla nezinsizakalo zezwe, yingakho kubalulekile ukuyazi nokwazi ukuthi kuhlobene kakhulu ne kunyuka ngamanani okudla nawomkhiqizo esivame ukuyithenga bese siyayiqhathanisa namathikithi ethu amahle futhi uma kufanelekile kulezi.
Amaphesenti aphezulu entengo yabathengi akuyona enye into ngaphandle komphumela wokulahleka okukhulu kwamandla okuthenga ngoba kubonakala ekungeneni okuncane kokuthenga izimpahla nezinsizakalo ngenani elifanayo lemali njengangaphambili. Ukuba ngale ndlela ngoba i-CPI ayibheki amanani njengoba enjalo, okusho ukuthi okwenzayo ukuthi ibheka izinguquko zazo zonke zihlangene inyanga nenyanga nonyaka nonyaka.
Amagama amafushane futhi aqondakala kalula I-IPC iyinkomba yezomnotho lokho kusisiza ukuthi siqonde futhi sazi ukuthi izindleko zishintsha kanjani uma kuqhathaniswa phakathi kwenyanga yamanje neyedlule, kodwa kuphela leyo mikhiqizo ebalulekile futhi edingekayo empilweni yansuku zonke yawo wonke umndeni futhi yingakho zonke zigxile kubhasikidi womndeni noma ubhasikidi. Ngamafuphi, iyithuluzi eliwusizo nelibaluleke kakhulu elinakekela futhi livikele idatha yokuhluka kwamanani inyanga nenyanga futhi ngalokho lilindele izinkinga ezizayo ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla emali.
Kuyini ukwehla kwamandla emali?
Asikwazi ukukhuluma ngakho I-CPI uma singazi ukuthi sisho ukuthini ngegama elithi inflation, ngoba yizinto ezimbili ezihlala zihambisana. Ngakho-ke sizokunikeza incazelo emfushane ngezansi.
Ukwehla kwamandla emali ukuwa noma ukwehla kwamandla emali maqondana nalokho okungathengwa ngomusa ngokushintshisana ngemali enjalo; Isibonelo, uma uthenga into nsuku zonke futhi njengoba izinsuku zihamba, le ndleko iyakhuphuka, ngoba siyizisulu zokwehla kwamandla emali, ngamafuphi, ukwehla kwamandla emali wukwanda kwentengo yezinto esizithenga njalo, njengoba uma sikhokhela insizakalo futhi lokhu kunyusa izindleko zayo kusukela entweni efanayo naleyo ebesiyenza phambilini, manje siphoqelekile ukukhokha ngaphezulu.
Manje usuyabona ukuthi ibaluleke kakhulu ngoba isisiza lawula umnotho wezwe, ngoba ezinye zezinkinga zamanye amazwe emhlabeni zidalwa ukwehluleka okukhulu kokulawulwa kwamandla emali. Into enempilo emnothweni ukuthi amanani anyuke ngokulingene kwazise ukwehla kwentengo akukuhle ekulinganisweni kwezomnotho kwamazwe ngoba lokhu kudala ukuzethemba okweqile kutshalomali futhi kubambezele ukusebenza kwawo, okuholela ekutheni angakhiqizi nzuzo futhi ngokuzayo anyamalale , lokho kubangela ukungasebenzi kanye nezinxushunxushu ezinkulu kwezomnotho.
para lawula konke lokhu kwehla kwamandla emali kumele siyilinganise yingakho kuthwelwe leli bhasikidi noma ubhasikidi womndeni.
Ngingayibala kanjani i-CPI?
Kunemikhiqizo engapheli ethengiswayo nezinsizakalo sonke esingazithola futhi kuba nzima kakhulu ngabo bonke ukubhalisa. Kungakho ifayili le- I-CPI ibalwa ngokuya ngesilinganiso salokho esikubiza ngobhasikidi futhi le yindlela ekhetha ngayo eminye imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo futhi yenze izigaba ngamaqembu namaqembu amancane ngokulandelana. Ubhasikidi wakhiwe ngezinto ezijwayeleke kakhulu kanye nezinsizakalo ezidingeka kakhulu futhi ezijwayelekile zomndeni ojwayelekile onomnotho ojwayelekile ngokulingana nangempela.
Ukwenza ukubalwa kwe-CPI ukuqhathanisa kwenziwa kuzinguquko zezindleko zemikhiqizo engama-489. Lokhu kwenziwa ngocwaningo olwenziwe ezikhungweni ezingama-30.000 kubo bonke omasipala abayi-177 bendawo yaseSpain, okungukuthi, izinhloko-dolobha ezingama-52 kanye nezingu-125 okungezona ezenhloko-dolobha; Lezi zinhlolovo zenziwa ngocingo, ifeksi, i-imeyili noma mathupha. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi lezi zinhlolovo azibandakanyi noma yikuphi ukuthengwa osekuvele kukhona kokunikezwayo, amabhalansi noma ukuthengiswa.
Manje sizochaza ukuthi singenza kanjani isibalo sokubala esilula ngokwedlulele nesifingqiwe kokulandelayo:
- Intengo entsha yento yenani elidala kunentengo endala yento yenani elidala.
- Izinzuzo ezitholwe yizinhlobo ezifana nalezi ezilandelayo:
- Imikhiqizo eyenziwe yodwa, ukukhokha ngomusa, ukudla kwamahhala noma kwebhonasi, imali engenayo yempahla lapho iphethwe noma ibolekisiwe, mahhala, njll. Njengamaqembu ethuba nelotho.
Kungani i-CPI ibaluleke kangaka?
El I-CPI ingesinye sezinyathelo eziningi ezibalulekile zokulinganisela empilweni yezomnotho yezwe njengoba liyithuluzi eliyinkomba enkulu yokuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kuguquka kanjani. Lokhu kubaluleka okukhulu kusekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi iyinkomba esemqoka yokuhlaziya nokubala ukukhushulwa kwamaholo, phakathi kokunye njengemali engenayo evela emakhaya noma ezindaweni zebhizinisi.
Kungakho i-CPI isetshenziselwa izivumelwano ezahlukahlukene zabasebenzi okuyizisekelo zokugcwaliseka kokukhushulwa kwamaholo ekuqaleni konyaka ngamunye ukuthi cishe njalo ingxenye yalesi sivumelwano ithwala amaphesenti amancane ukwengeza. Iphinde ibe nomthelela ukwenyuka kokuqashiswa kwaminyaka yonke noma ukubala ukuthi yini okufanele inikezwe ukuxhaswa kokudla, phakathi kokunye.
Bekubalulekile futhi ukukhushulwa kwempesheni ushintsho lwenziwe ngo-2014 olukhombisa ukuthi ngeke besaphinde baxhunyaniswe nalokhu kubalwa, okungukuthi, kuzokwenziwa ngokwenza umsebenzi omncane obalwe nezinye izinto ozoveza lo mphumela. Kepha noma kunjalo inkomba ye- I-IPC izoba yisilinganiso sokuqhathanisa ngoba uma ingaphansi kwebha eqhathaniswa, ukulungiswa kulokho okusungulwe yi-IPC kuzofanele kwenziwe.
I-CPI ayithinti intengo yezintoIlawula kuphela lapho izindleko zazo zikhuphuka noma zehla futhi zenza iphesenti eliya ngokuya ngaleyo mikhiqizo.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuyethula, kepha okuvame kakhulu ukwenza konke ukukhiqiza inkomba nokuhlukahluka kwayo kusuka enyangeni eyedlule.
Ibalwa ngasiphi isikhathi?
Kwenziwa njalo ngenyanga futhi kushicilelwa maphakathi nenyanga elandela inyanga esivele ibaliwe. Ukuba ngaleyo ndlela kukusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi isimo sezomnotho siguquka kanjani futhi nokwehla kwamandla emali aso isikhathi esithile. Lolu shintsho oluqhubekayo lunikeza ithuba lokuqagela futhi lusetshenziswa nguhulumeni noma izinkampani ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nokuthi bazokwenzani esikhathini esizayo.
Ukwehla kwamandla emali okuyisisekelo
Ukwehla kwamandla emali okubalulekile kungumphumela wokwanda kwe-CPI futhi lapho icwasa phakathi kwemikhiqizo yamandla nokudla okucutshungulwayo ngokuba yilabo abanezinguquko ezingazinzi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene
Imikhiqizo yamandla: Lesi sigaba sifaka izinto zokubasa ezifana negesi, uphethiloli, ugesi, njll.
Imikhiqizo yokudla esetshenzisiwe: Lesi sigaba sifaka izithelo, okusanhlamvu, imifino neminye imikhiqizo kulesi sigaba.
Ukuvuvukala okuyisisekelo kusetshenziswa njenge-sub-apparatus lapho izimpahla nezinsizakalo zibandlululwa kulezo ezingazinzile ngokwemvelo futhi ezingezona ezezici zokunye, lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi okubikiwe mayelana nakho kuphansi kunalokho okuphathelene nokwehla kwamandla emali okujwayelekile.
Kungakho ifayili le- umaki ongenakususwa ongasisiza siqonde ukunyuka kwamanani nokuthi yini amabhange anqumayo nokuthi kwenzekani emnothweni umhlaba wonke.
Kuyithuluzi elihle kakhulu ukuthi amaphrojekthi ahlukahluka ngentengo ngaphandle kwephutha nangalesi silinganiso soshintsho ngenkomba yamanani wabathengi (CPI)
Indlela yokubala ukwehla kwamandla emali okungaphansi ngokukhipha izingxenye ezi-2 zemikhiqizo (amandla nokwenziwa) ukuze uyithole.
Ukwehla kwamandla emali okuyisisekelo kuyarekhodwa futhi kudonswe eNational Statistics Institute (INE) ngokuhlangana ne-CPI ejwayelekile kanye ne-CPI ehambisanayo.
Lapho sesike saqonda ukuthi iyini i-CPI nokubaluleka kwayo emnothweni wethu ezweni kanye nasemhlabeni jikelele, siyakwazi ukubona izinzuzo ezisilethela zona, ngoba isisiza ukuthi sibone lapho kukhona okungahambi kahle ezinhlelweni zezomnotho ngoba kuzoba khona ukwanda kwezindleko zezinto namasevisi ahlangabezana nezidingo zethu eziyisisekelo zokuphila kwansuku zonke.