Uma kukhulunywa ngokudala inkampani, kunezinhlobo eziningi zenkampani ongakhetha kuzo. Noma kunjalo, kukhona okugqame kokunye. Sikhuluma nge-Limited Liability Company, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-Limited Company. ESpain ingelinye labakhethwe kakhulu kanye ne-Public Limited Company. Kepha kusho ukuthini lokhu?
Uma ufuna ukwazi Uyini umphakathi olinganiselwe, yiziphi izici zayo, okuhle, okungahambi kahle nolwazi oluthe xaxa ngakho, qhubeka ufunda ngoba sikulethela lona ngezansi.
Uyini umphakathi olinganiselwe
Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi iyini inkampani elinganiselwe, kufanele wazi ukuthi le SL, noma i-SRL, isifinyezo esaziwa ngayo, inkampani yezentengiso. Igxile kakhulu kuma-SME, okungukuthi, izinkampani ezincane neziphakathi nendawo (noma osomabhizinisi) futhi ngawo bangenza umsebenzi wabo webhizinisi ngaphandle kwempahla yabo noma imali abayisebenzisile. Futhi akudingeki bacele ukubolekwa imali ukuze bayidale.
Umuntu ngamunye oyingxenye yenkampani enomkhawulo unikela ngemali x enhlokodolobha, futhi kungenxa yaleyo mali enikelayo ekhawulela umthwalo phambi kwabantu besithathu. Isibonelo, ake ucabange ukuthi nibathathu emphakathini nokuthi ngamunye ubeka ama-euro ayi-1000. Inhlokodolobha yokugcina yenkampani ingaba ama-euro angama-3000. Kepha, uma kwenzeka okuthile futhi kufanele unxephezele umuntu wesithathu, ngokwesibonelo ama-euro angama-3000, akusho ukuthi umlingani oyedwa kufanele abeke leyo mali, kepha ukuthi uzofaka lokho akufake enhlokodolobha, kulokhu Ama-euro angama-1000.
Ngaphezu kwemali enikelayo, bonke abalingani bathola amasheya ezenhlalo okushintshaniswa ngawo, angahlukaniseki futhi aqoqeke, kepha ashiye eceleni izimpahla zomuntu ngamunye.
Izici zenkampani ekhawulelwe
Manje njengoba usuyazi ukuthi inkampani ekhawulelwe iyini, ukuze uyiqonde kahle, kufanele wazi ukuthi yini eyichazayo, okungukuthi, izidingo ezidingekayo ukuze ukwazi ukuyakha. Futhi yilezi:
- Inani lozakwethu. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukubambisana okulinganiselwe okungenani kube nomlingani oyedwa, kepha akukho okudingekayo okuphezulu, okungukuthi, kungaba baningi ngendlela abafuna ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba inkampani enezomthetho noma abantu bemvelo. Laba bazakwethu bangaba ngabasebenzi (abafaka umsebenzi wabo emphakathini) noma onxiwankulu (abafaka imali).
- Isibopho. Njengoba sesichazile ngaphambili, isibopho sabalingani sikhawulelwe enhlokodolobha enikelwe, ngendlela yokuthi ngeke baphendule ezikweletini noma ezinkingeni eziqubuka nganoma yini enye, futhi kakhulu ngezinto zabo (ngoba kukhululiwe ).
- Ihlelo lomphakathi. Kulokhu, inkampani enomkhawulo kumele ibhaliswe kwiCentral Mercantile Registry futhi, egameni layo, i-Limited Liability Company kufanele ivele, noma yona i-SRL noma i-SL
- Imali yezenhlalakahle. Ubuncane bokwenza inkampani enomkhawulo yinhlokodolobha yama-3000 euros. Akunakubekwa phezulu. Le mali akudingeki ukuthi ibe yimali kuphela, kepha ingaba ngomusa, isibonelo nefenisha yenkampani. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngemali eyinikelwayo, kuzotholakala amasheya ezenhlalo anemikhawulo yezomthetho futhi azosuselwa enhlokodolobha enikelwayo (noma ngubani onikela okuningi, uthola amasheya amaningi).
- Umthethosisekelo wenkampani enomkhawulo. Lokhu, ngaphezu kokubhalisa, kufanele kube nezimiso kanye netayitela lomphakathi okufanele lisayinwe phambi komphakathi olungisa izivumelwano, liphinde lethulwe kwiRegistant Registry. Kula maphepha kufanele kucace inani leminikelo yomlingani ngamunye nephesenti lemali eyabiwayo abalibekile. Kumele futhi kutholakale ukuthi izinhlaka zokuphatha nezokuphatha zizoba yini, okusho ukuthi, uma kukhona umphathi oyedwa (nokuthi ungubani), abaphathi abahlanganyelwe, abaphathi abahlanganyelwe noma iBhodi Yabaqondisi.
Izinzuzo zeNkampani Enomkhawulo
Kuyacaca ukuthi Umkhawulo wesikweletu osuselwe enhlokodolobha enikelwe ngenye yezinzuzo ezinkulu ukuthi iyini inkampani elinganiselwe (uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinkampani noma izibalo zabasebenzi). Kepha akuyona kuphela inzuzo esisinikeza yona. Kukhona okunye:
- Kulula ukudala. Ayinazo izinqubo eziningi zokuphatha njengabanye.
- Imali engabizwa ingaphansi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqiniso lokukwazi ukukunikela ngemali nangezimpahla noma ngezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo lisiza ekwenzeni kube lula ukuthola. Futhi yize kufanele ungeze izindleko zokufakwa, ezingaba phakathi kuka-600 no-1000 euros, kuthengeka ngokuphelele.
- Akuthathi abantu abangaphezu koyedwa ukuyakha.
- Kusiza ukufinyelela kwizimalimboleko namakhredithi emabhange, ngoba bakubona "njengomdlalo" ongcono uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu noma labo abazisebenzayo.
Okubi kweNkampani Enomkhawulo
Kodwa-ke, yize konke kubonakala kukuhle, iqiniso ukuthi kunezici ezithile ezingakubambezela lapho uzidala. Ngokwesibonelo:
- Iqiniso lokuthi amayunithi awadlulisekiNgamanye amagama, azinakudluliselwa komunye umuntu, futhi azikwazi ukuthengiswa. Ukuphela kwabantu ongabathengisela abangabalingani benkampani leyo, kepha hhayi kothile ongaphandle.
- Kukhona isikhathi isikhathi eside noma esingaphansi (izinsuku ezingama-40) ukuze kuqedwe ukufakwa kweNkampani Enomkhawulo, ngakho-ke lapho udinga ukuthi inqubo isheshe, akusona isibalo esikhethiwe.
- Ngesikhathi sika cela isikweletu noma imalimboleko, amabhange amaningi adinga "iziqinisekiso zomuntu", okuthile okuphikisana nezimpawu zenkampani elinganiselwe, ngakho-ke ekugcineni, uma wamukela, ingqikithi yalokhu iyanyamalala ngoba usuvele ubandakanye izimpahla zakho.
Yiziphi izintela okufanele zikhokhwe lapho kwenziwa i-SL
Lapho udala i-SL kufanele wazi futhi nezintela okufanele zikhokhwe ngayo. Futhi akulula njengokuzimela. Kulokhu, kufanele ube usesikhathini ne:
- Intela yeNhlangano (IS). Ikhokhwa yizo zonke izinkampani zaseSpain futhi isho ukuthi ama-25% wenzuzo ephelele etholwe ngonyaka kufanele ikhokhwe.
- Intela yomuntu siqu engenayo (IRPF). Kuphela uma ngabe unenkontileka yabasebenzi, noma ukuthi unikezela ngemisebenzi engaphansi kozimele.
- Intela eyengezwe inani (VAT). Okuthile okujwayelekile, ngoba lapho wethula i-invoyisi, ngaphandle kwezimo ezithile, kuzodingeka uqoqe i-VAT bese uyiqoqa bese uyikhokha kuMgcinimafa.
- Intela yemisebenzi yezomnotho (IAE). Kuphela izinkampani ezifake i-invoyisi ezingaphezu kwesigidi sama-euro.
- Ezinye izintela. Lokho komphakathi, ukuqasha, i-IBI ...