Konke kubonakala kukhombisa ukuthi lo nyaka ngeke ube muhle kakhulu ezimakethe zezimali, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni ethile yamasheya ekhombisa isici sobuchwepheshebuthakathaka kakhulu kuphela. Kuzoba yisikhathi sokuhlaziya iphothifoliyo yethu yokutshala imali bese senza izinguquko kuyo ngenhloso eyodwa yokungabanjwa ezintweni ezingenza abatshalizimali abancane nabaphakathi balahlekelwe yimali eningi phakathi nezinyanga eziyishumi nambili ezizayo. Lapho indawo ejwayelekile yezenzo zabo izoxwayisa ngaphezulu kokunye ukucatshangelwa kobuchwepheshe.
Imibiko yezezimali nayo ayinikezi ithemba elikhulu ngokuthi lo nyaka onzima wokuhweba ungaba yini. Ngalo mqondo, i- IsiKhwama Sezimali Zomhlaba Wonke (I-FMIE) isanda kushicilela umbiko wakamuva we- "World Economic Outlook" (Umbiko we-WEO), ophrojusa ukukhula komhlaba ngo-2019 okuzoqhubeka nokusimama futhi kube nezinga elifanayo elingu-3,7% njengangonyaka owedlule. Endabeni ethize yaseSpain, i-IMF yehlise izibikezelo zokukhula komnotho waseSpain ngo-2,2% ngonyaka wezi-2019. Okungukuthi, izilinganiso ezinhlanu kweshumi kunalezo ezenziwe ngo-2018.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezingeni lomhlaba jikelele, lo mbiko ugcizelela ukuthi ukukhula kudlula lokho okutholwe kunoma yimuphi unyaka phakathi konyaka wezi-2012 nowezi-2016, ngesikhathi lapho iminotho eminingi ifinyelele noma isondela ukuqashwa ngokugcwele nalapho uvalo lwangaphambilini lokwehla kwamandla emali luye lwaphela. Ngakho-ke, iziphathimandla zezomnotho zisenethuba elihle kakhulu lokwakha amandla okuqina kanye nokwenza izinguquko eziqinisa ukukhula.
Imikhakha: amathuba ebhizinisi
Ukubuyekeza futhi kuyahluka ngokwendawo, futhi kufaka phakathi ezomnotho ezinkulu zaseLatin America (i-Argentina, iBrazil neMexico), umnotho waseYurophu osafufusa (Turkey), South Asia (India), East Asia (Indonesia neMalaysia), Middle East (Iran). kanye ne-Afrika (iNingizimu Afrika). Zonke lezi zinto eziguqukayo kumele ziqoqwe yizibambiso ezibhalwe ezimakethe zamasheya. Kepha akukho kungabaza ukuthi kuzoba khona amanani athuthukisa i- ukuziphatha okungcono ukwedlula abanye futhi kulapho-ke lapho kufanele uqondise imisebenzi yakho ukwenza imali evela ekusebenzeni kwakho ibe nenzuzo. Ngoba izingozi kulo nyaka zizobe ziphakeme kakhulu futhi impela zingakudalela inkinga engaphezu kweyodwa kusukela manje.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuhambisa utshalomali lwakho kulo nyaka ngendlela efanele, sizokhomba ukuthi yimiphi imikhakha yemakethe yamasheya engenza kangcono. Zizoba mbalwa futhi zigcine isikhathi futhi lapho amathuba amakhulu kakhulu ebhizinisi azogxilwa kule nkathi entsha yemakethe yamasheya. Ngaphandle kwesici sobuchwepheshe abangase bakhiqize noma bakhiqize ezinyangeni ezedlule. Ngoba imayelana nokuphela kosuku ukukhetha amanani esitokwe ane- amandla okwazisa aphezulu. Ngalo mqondo, iziphakamiso azidluli futhi kuzodingeka ukuthi zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe ekuhlaziyweni.
Indawo yokukhosela nemikhakha ezinze kakhulu
Izingxenye zemakethe yamasheya kufanele zikhethwe ezingakhonjiswa ukungazinzi, ingasaphathwa eyezikweletu ezikuma-akhawunti abo ebhizinisi. Kusukela kulokhu kuhlaziywa, amasheya azinzile futhi aphephe kakhulu yilawo angenza konke okusemandleni kulo nyaka onzima osilindele kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Enye yazo imelwe yi izinkampani zikagesi ukuthi ngaphezu kokunikeza lesi sici esibalulekile, banikela ngesivuno sedividi esithakazelisa kakhulu. Ngenzalo yonyaka engaguquguquki futhi eqinisekisiwe ecishe ibe ngu-5% futhi kunoma yisiphi isimo esingenhla esinikezwa yiyo yonke imikhiqizo yemali engenayo engadluli ku-1%.
Vele, umkhakha wezokudla kufanele ube okunye kokugxilile kuleli chibi elikhethekile lokufuna amathuba ezimakethe zezimali. Akumangalisi ukuthi baziphathe kangcono kunezinye izikhathi ukwanda kokungazinzi ezimakethe zezimali. Kodwa-ke, enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ekufezeni lesi sifiso ukuthi zimbalwa kakhulu iziphakamiso zemakethe yamasheya kwizibalo zaseSpain. Ngeke ube nokunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokuya ezindaweni ezikhuphuka emhlabeni jikelele uma ufuna ukuthola izindlela ezahlukahlukene eziningi kulo mkhakha ohloniphekile.
Ilanga nolwandle kuzoqhubeka nokukhuphuka
La umsebenzi wabavakashi eSpain izokhula ngo-2019 okokuqala eminyakeni eyishumi engaphansi komnotho wonkana ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuncane kwezimakethe eziyimithombo esemqoka nokubuyiselwa kwezindawo ezincintisanayo eMedithera, ngokusho kwe-Alliance for Tourism Excellence, Exceltur. Kunoma ikuphi, i-Exceltur yehlise ukukhula kwemisebenzi yabavakashi eSpain ngo-2019 yaya ku-2,6%, isuka ku-3,3% eqagulwe ngo-Ephreli, isibalo esingaphansi kweshumi kokusebenza kwabahlaziyi abalinganisela umnotho waseSpain (2,7%).
Kunoma ikuphi, i umkhakha wezokuvakasha kungahle kube ngomunye wabadlali abahamba phambili ezimakethe zezimali. Akumangalisi ukuthi kuyimboni ekhulayo kakhulu futhi enedatha engcono kunaleyo ekhonjiswe kweminye imikhakha efanele emakethe yamasheya. Kuleli qiniso lemikhakha, Sol Meliá, NH Amahhotela noma i-Amadeus akha ezinye izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokwenza ingcebo yomuntu siqu ibe nenzuzo ngalesi sikhathi esisanda kuqala. Akumangalisi ukuthi, kungakhohlwa ukuthi impahla yezezimali esuselwa elangeni nasesihlabathini iyathandeka kakhulu ukwamukela ukuhweba emakethe yamasheya.
Ibhange lingaphansi kwesisindo
Kunoma ikuphi, akukho kungabaza ukuthi enye yezimanga ezinkulu kulo nyaka ingavela emaqenjini asebhange. Lokhu kuchazwa iqiniso lokuthi isijeziso esinamandla kakhulu sesivuselelekile ngonyaka we-2018 futhi kungahle kube yisikhathi sokubuyisa ngentengo yamasheya aso ngokunikeza izaphulelo ezifanele kakhulu enanini lentengo ebhekiswe kulezi zinkampani zezezimali. Kodwa-ke, ubungozi busaphezulu kunakwamanye imikhakha ngoba bagcina inkinga efanayo njengakuqala. Ngokushoda kwesakhiwo okungadala ukuthi bawele ezikhundleni zabo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingxenye enhle yalezi zinkampani ezibalwe ishiye cishe i-20% yenani lemakethe yamasheya abo ngonyaka odlule. Ukujeziswa okunzima futhi mhlawumbe ngokweqile ngabatshalizimali okungaholela ekubuyiselweni okuphawulekayo entengo yayo kusukela manje kuqhubeke. Kuyizibambiso ezingaba mnandi kakhulu ukuziqasha uma zihlose ukusebenza kwesikhashana. Co ithuba lokubuyekeza ngaphezu kokubalulekile ngenxa yezaphulelo ezicashunwe okwamanje.
Okunye okungamangaza: ukunethezeka
Kukhombisa nokuthi izinkampani ezibhalwe ohlwini ezimele umkhakha wezokunethezeka nazo zingenza kangcono ezimakethe zamasheya. Ngokwesiko bekulokhu kwenzeka ngale ndlela futhi ikakhulukazi lapho izimpawu zokuqala zobuthakathaka zivela ezimakethe zezimali. Ngalo mqondo, ngeke kulibaleke ukuthi umkhakha wokunethezeka ulwa nomjikelezo futhi ungazuza kulo mkhuba ekuthengeni. Ngaphandle kokuhlaziywa kwezobuchwepheshe futhi mhlawumbe nokuyisisekelo.
Uma ufuna ukuqondisa amehlo akho kulo mkhakha okhethekile, akukho okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokuqondisa amehlo akho ezigcawini zezwekazi elidala, okuyilapho kulindeleke khona kakhulu lezi ziphakamiso ezimakethe zamasheya zomhlaba wonke. Kwezinye izimo baveza amandla okubuyekezwa ngaphezu kokusikisela njengokukumema ukuthi uqale ukusebenza kulo mkhakha wezimali. Esinye sezici zayo ezaziwa kakhulu ukuthi zikhona izinkampani eziguquguqukayo kakhulu maqondana nekhotheshini yabo futhi bangenza ukuthi uzuze imali eningi ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Yize kuzindleko zokuthatha uchungechunge lwezingozi ezingasinda isu lakho lokutshala imali.
Izindiza
Kulokhu kunemikhuba emibili ephikisana ngokuphelele. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bangenza kahle kakhulu kulo nyaka ngenxa yokucaca kwabo ukuxhumana nomsebenzi wezokuvakasha, lapho ukuhamba kwabagibeli kukhombisa izixhumanisi eziya phezulu futhi kuhlala kuhle kakhulu. Ukuze ngale ndlela, babe yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yephothifoliyo yakho entsha ngenxa yesithakazelo sabo esingangabazeki emehlweni wabatshalizimali.
Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, umthwalo wayo omkhulu ukuthi amasheya ayo angaqhubeka nokukhuphuka kulo nyaka omusha amanani aphakeme afinyelela emakethe. i-petroleum. Ngaphezulu kwamazinga ka- $ 80 umgqomo. Lokhu kuzoguqulela ekwehliseni intengo yamasheya ayo. Akumangalisi ukuthi ubudlelwano babo buqonde ngqo ngoba njengoba intengo kawoyela ongahluziwe iphakeme, amasheya ahlushwa inani lawo ezimakethe zezezimali. Ngaphandle kokunye ukucatshangelwa okungachazwa kwezinye izindatshana.
Kunoma ikuphi, kuzoba ngomunye wemikhakha ezobhekwa ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili ezizayo. Okungenani ukwenza imisebenzi eshesha kakhulu lapho kungenziwa inzuzo enamandla ye-capital. Futhi kunoma yikuphi, njengenye yezimanga ezinkulu ezingalethwa u-2019.Njengoba uzobona, iziphakamiso zebhizinisi ngeke zishoda ngalezi zinsuku futhi manje kusele kuphela ukuthi lezi zibikezelo zigcwaliseke emakethe yamasheya ezingasiza kakhulu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo.